Unfortunately, there are situations when injections cannot be dispensed with during the treatment of a baby. It is not always possible to leave a sick child in the hospital, hire a professional nurse, and there are situations when the baby needs immediate help. And mom has to solve this problem. This article will discuss how to behave in such an unexpected moment.
It is not difficult to make an injection for a child - the main thing is to properly prepare
What is needed for the procedure
First you need to stock up on everything you need for this procedure.
Disposable syringes should be taken depending on the volume of drugs - it is necessary to take the drug itself, naturally prescribed by a doctor, in addition, you need to make sure of the dosage of the drug indicated in the prescription and on the package. When buying injections, you should pay attention to the expiration date. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the color of the solution in the ampoules and described in the annotation;
- medical alcohol;
- sterile cotton;
- sterile disposable syringes. When buying syringes, you need to pay attention to whether there is a needle in the package.
Medical alcohol can be bought at a pharmacy How to choose the right needle
When buying a syringe for children, no less attention should be paid to the choice of needle. The choice of syringe and needle depends on the size of the child, the drug itself and its dosage. A correctly selected needle easily enters the muscle, if it enters incorrectly, then instead of an intramuscular injection, a subcutaneous injection will be obtained. Typically, needles and syringes are selected for children based on the following characteristics:
- Infants of the first year of life are given injections using 1 ml syringes.
- For babies from 1 to 5 years old, 2 ml syringes are needed. with a needle 0.5 to 25.
- Children from 6 to 9 years old are given injections of 2 ml. syringes using a needle 0.5 to 25 or 0.6 to 30.
Before giving injections to children, you need to pay attention to the consecration, it should be bright, in addition, you should choose a convenient place for both the baby and the mother.
The syringe for children has a very thin needle. Tip: before giving an injection, you should once again pay attention to the expiration date of the drug, its dosage and name.
How to prepare for manipulation
Before giving an injection, you need to carefully prepare for this procedure. To do this, you should carry out the following simple steps:
You need to wash your hands thoroughly
- First of all, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water, then dry them with a towel. Then you need to treat with medical alcohol;
- Children are usually given injections in the buttocks. To determine the intended area for the introduction of the needle, you should mentally divide the area into 4 parts. It is necessary to share not the whole ass, but each buttock. Therefore, for the right buttock, the upper right square is selected, and for the left, the upper left;
Choice of injection site - you yourself need to remain calm, because mom's panic will instantly go over to the baby. If the mother remains calm, acts confidently, then it will be easier for the baby to survive this manipulation;
- removing the ampoule from the package, you need to treat it with alcohol. Then you should make an incision on the ampoule along the line of the future scrap. For these purposes, you can use the nail file that is in the package, you can not use another tool for this, as there is a risk that the glass fragments will remain inside the ampoule;
- it is recommended to open the syringe from the piston side;
- when putting on a syringe, you need to leave a protective cap on the needle;
- if the drug is in dry form, then it should first be diluted, based on the recommendation of a doctor. For this, water for injection is most often used;
- after which it is necessary to remove the needle and draw the recommended amount of medicine into the syringe;
- then you need to remove the air. Why is it necessary to point the syringe up. Tap on the syringe so that the air bubbles rise as close to the needle as possible. Then you should press on the piston to expel the air out.
After taking the medicine, you need to remove the air from the needle Tip: preparation must be carried out in such a way that the child does not see all the manipulations.
How to make an injection
To relax the injection area and disperse the blood, you should warm your hands, massage the buttock. For the psychological preparation of the crumbs, you can try to turn on his favorite cartoon, give him a syringe without a needle, so that the baby gives an injection to the bear cub about three. You need to try to distract the baby so that he does not notice the syringe applied over him. In this case, the buttock will not be tense, and the needle will enter faster and easier.
How to insert a needle correctly - diagram Then you should wipe the required square with a cotton swab previously treated with alcohol, from left to right and remove the cap from the needle. In children, with the free hand, the skin should be folded into a fold; when placed in adults, the skin, on the contrary, is stretched.
With a quick and confident movement, the needle should be inserted at a right angle by 75% of its length, this is necessary for better administration of the drug. With the introduction of the drug to a shallower depth, the therapeutic effect will decrease and a bump may appear. The thumb must be placed on the piston, and the syringe should be held between the middle and index fingers. Gently pressing the piston, you need to slowly inject the drug. 
Observing all the simple rules, it will not be difficult to give injections to the baby, after the procedure, you must not forget to praise the baby.
Video. How to give injections to children - video guide.
Sometimes situations arise when a doctor prescribes certain medications for the successful treatment of a child. For help, you can contact a nurse or friends. However, it is better if you yourself master these skills and will know the child. After all, it is not always possible to invite a doctor, and an injection is necessary.
In order to give an injection to a child, the following items will be required:
- cotton wool or a small piece of bandage;
- a disposable syringe of the required capacity, by the way, pharmacies sell special syringes for children, which are distinguished by a thinner needle;
- an injectable preparation corresponding to the prescribed dosage. To avoid unpleasant situations, be sure to check its expiration date;
- medical alcohol, vodka or alcohol wipes for injection.
Preparation for intramuscular administration of drugs
In order to bet, you need to follow some simple, but at the same time important rules:
Actions performed when injected
Before that, gentle, slow movements should massage the buttock, while the hands should be warm. The place where the needle will be inserted must be treated with an alcohol swab.
At this time, with one hand, you need to fold a part of the buttock into a fold, and with the other, hold the syringe. Insert the needle with a sharp movement, while maintaining an angle of 90 °. In this case, place the thumb on the piston, and hold the syringe with the middle and forefinger. The slower you inject the medicine, the better. There should be no haste in this matter. When the medicine is over, press the place of contact between the needle and the body with cotton wool and remove the syringe with a sharp movement. After that, you can massage the injection site a little.
It is difficult to put children, as they are terribly afraid of them. Therefore, it is not necessary to draw medicine into a syringe in front of the child or sprinkle its remnants - this will scare him even more. Also, do not pretend that you yourself are nervous. If the child starts to break out and cry, do not scold him, on the contrary, try to somehow distract and calm him down. And do not deceive the baby, telling him that it will not hurt. It is better to praise him for being so brave and able to endure this procedure.
Injections for children should be given by a health worker, but sometimes parents are faced with situations where they themselves have to pick up a syringe and inject.
Competent performance of the procedure reduces the risk of infection and other negative reactions. It is useful for all parents to know how to give an injection in the buttock to a child.
Intravenous administration of drugs should be carried out only by a person with a medical education.
Intramuscular injections require careful attention of parents to the nuances:
- you need to be confident in your abilities;
- it is useful to watch a video on how to give an injection to children in the buttocks;
- it is advisable to have an assistant for the medical procedure if the child is not more than five or six years old;
- it is important to clarify how to dilute the drug (if necessary);
- be sure to follow the rules of asepsis and antisepsis to avoid infection during the injection;
- it is important to make sure that all the air comes out of the syringe before the injection;
- it is necessary to properly prepare a young patient for a medical procedure, taking into account age and temperament. You can’t tell scary stories, scare evil doctors, say that “only bad children are afraid of injections”;
- it is important to be persistent, to understand that without timely injections, recovery is impossible;
- the best option is to give an injection in the buttock to the child in a calm stop. If a small patient is hysterical, then you need to wait a while, calm the screamer, then carry out the procedure;
- adults should not show fear of medical manipulation, especially preschoolers. It is useful for seniors to explain that, despite some fear of intramuscular administration of the composition, one must overcome oneself and understand that injections speed up recovery and prevent dangerous complications.
If you have to give an intramuscular injection to a child at home, then you need to know how to eliminate a possible immune response to the composition for injection using antiallergic names.
A good effect after 15-20 minutes is given by the first generation tablets: Suprastin, Tavegil, Diazolin dragees. The instructions indicate the age of the child for the use of a particular medication.
What is needed for injection
To conduct intramuscular injections at home, you will need several components:
- prescribed drug. If the doctor has prescribed a lyophilizate (powder for injection) or a thick suspension, then be sure to buy special water or medicine at the pharmacy to dilute the composition. Be sure to check the availability of instructions for the drug;
- syringe of a certain cubic capacity. Children in most cases need a volume of 2 or 5 cubes. Many pharmacies offer special "baby" syringes, in which the needle is thinner and shorter;
- medical alcohol;
- packaging of sterile cotton.
Preparing for an injection
Important points:
- disinfect hands thoroughly: antibacterial soap, alcohol or antiseptic solution is suitable;
- properly prepare the medicine (some drugs need to be mixed with, water for injection or other components);
- you need to get the syringe out of the sealed package, attach the needle;
- it is important to carefully open the container with the drug using a cutting device, which in most cases is in the box with ampoules;
- after taking the liquid, the syringe is turned over so that the needle looks up, several times with a fingernail it is lightly tapped on the medicine container: at this moment, air bubbles rise closer to the hole. Be sure to press the piston so that a few drops of the drug come out of the needle or a thin stream of the drug solution appears. An injection in the buttock can be done after treating the edge of the needle with a cotton swab on which alcohol is applied;
- after the procedure, the young patient should rest, lie down in bed;
- it is important to put a cap on the used needle, only after this manipulation place the waste material in the trash bin. The syringe must also be thrown away: it is forbidden to reuse the injection device;
- with a sharp reddening of the injection zone, an increase in temperature, the appearance of an anaphylactic reaction (a severe form of allergy with pronounced swelling), you should immediately dial the ambulance phone.
How to set up a child for an injection
Calm, well-mannered kids are easier on injections than spoiled and capricious children - this fact has been confirmed by thousands of parents, everyday experience, and pediatricians' observations of the reaction of young patients to medical procedures.
It is not difficult to draw a conclusion: the more attention adults pay to the intellectual and moral education of a child, the easier it is to explain even to a two-year-old toddler why injections are needed and to achieve adequate behavior.
Unfortunately, many children are capricious, break out of their hands, cry, try to run away, bite. What to do in such a difficult situation? It is important to stop the hysteria, calm the young patient, distract him with a toy, an interesting story, music, a song, a gadget that is appropriate for his age. You need to hug the child, take it in your arms, walk around the room, shake a little, if the weight of the capricious allows, promise a little surprise after the procedure.
It is advisable to remain calm, although it is very difficult, but there is no other way out: if the mother starts screaming and getting nervous, then all parties to the conflict suffer. You can not beat the baby: aggression will provoke an increase in hysteria.
Many mothers say that playing “to the hospital” helps a lot when kids treat dolls and animals. The little “doctor” explains to the “patients” what injections are for, gets used to the idea that one cannot do without an important procedure during a serious illness. The task of parents is to give information about medical procedures in an accessible form, interesting, taking into account age.
Intramuscular injection in the buttock
Injection rules:
- before the injection, hands should be treated with a soap or alcohol disinfectant solution;
- then the assistant should take the small child in his arms, put on his stomach. Older children should be asked to lie on the sofa in the same position;
- before the injection, you need to rub your hands, warm them up;
- prepare the medicine, draw it into the syringe, release excess air (press the piston so that a little liquid flows out of the needle);
- the first stage is to disinfect the injection area with a cotton swab moistened with alcohol;
- the second stage is to mentally divide the buttock into four squares: the drug is injected into the upper outer area;
- the third stage - with the left hand to collect the skin in this area (syringe in the right hand), insert the needle at a right angle (about ¾ of its length). The movements are sharp, but confident and controlled. No need to be afraid, it is important to carry out the manipulation calmly;
- after inserting the needle, the thumb must be quickly placed on the piston, the syringe should be fixed with the help of the middle and forefinger;
- the fourth stage is the slow administration of the drug: an injection in the buttock is forbidden for the child to do in a hurry. When there is no medicine left in the syringe, you need to take a cotton swab soaked in alcohol with your free hand, press down on the injection area a little, quickly remove the needle, gently but firmly press the hole;
- the final stage is a soft massage of the injection zone with a cotton swab with a disinfectant composition. No need to rub the area where the needle is inserted: just gently massage the desired area. For one to two minutes, the adult holds the cotton wool in the same position to avoid the removal of blood drops;
- after the injection, you need to praise the child for patience, give preschoolers a small “reward”, for example, a lollipop, say that now he will recover faster.
The syringe must be injected with the main (working) hand, taking into account who the parent is left-handed or right-handed.
What Not to Do
Parents should remember a few rules:
- you can’t scare the baby with injections and doctors as punishment for bad behavior;
- there is no need to show a son or daughter that adults themselves are afraid of injections or do not cope well with the role of a “home nurse”. Children subtly feel the insecurity of their parents, begin to act up, panic;
- do not say that there is no pain during the injection: after deception, the child will not trust adults, it will be more difficult to carry out the next procedure;
- no need to carry out preparatory manipulations (mix the medicine, unpack the syringe, draw liquid into the container) in front of the child’s eyes;
- you can’t scream at the baby and, moreover, beat him if the little one screams and breaks out before the procedure. Slaps and threats add to the stress that many children experience during medical procedures.
An important point is compliance with the rules for injections. You can not neglect procedures at home: haste, reuse of a syringe, improper dilution of drugs, insufficient sterility of hands, injection zones, medical devices - factors that increase the risk of complications after intramuscular administration of the drug.
Many parents have to independently inject injections into the buttock of their child at least once in their lives. The more information on this topic, the easier it is to avoid mistakes and complications after a medical procedure.
The easiest way to administer drugs subcutaneously is considered to be intramuscular injection into the upper buttock. Usually the injection is given by a nurse or doctor, but you can do it yourself. Let's figure out how to give an injection in the buttock to a child, an adult and oneself - all the features of the introduction of the procedure without harm to health.
You can make an injection in the buttock at home
How to choose a syringe and needle for an injection in the buttock
The main thing you need to know when choosing a syringe for injection is that the volume of the instrument should not exceed the amount of the injected drug:
- for children - 2 ml;
- for adults - 5 ml (very rarely 10 ml).
The volume of the injection syringe for a child should be no more than 2 ml
Injections with a volume of more than 10 ml are not placed into the muscle tissue. A large amount of the drug is not able to quickly dissolve and spread throughout the body. This condition can lead to purulent abscesses.
So that the introduction of the drug is not too deep, the most suitable needle length is 4–6 cm. This will also help not to hook the walls of capillaries and nerve endings,
What part of the buttocks to inject
A suitable area is the upper (outer) part of the buttocks. In order not to be mistaken, the muscle must be visually divided into 4 identical parts. The upper square, namely its middle, will be the area where you need to put the injection.
The most suitable injection site in the buttock
The photo clearly shows the area that is best suited for the introduction of drugs. The place is far from the sciatic nerve, iliac bone and spinal column, which allows safe manipulation.
Preparation for intramuscular injection
The results of the procedure depend on a number of simple manipulations:
- Inspect the ampoule with the medicine for its integrity, and also check the expiration date of the drug.
- Collect all the medicine at the bottom of the ampoule. To do this, you need to gently shake the ampoule 1-2 times.
- File the upper part of the glass flask with a special nail file (attached to the preparation). Usually the incision site is marked with a colored rim.
- Break off the filed tip of the ampoule. For safety, it is better to place the cone in a napkin so as not to get hurt when opening the glass vial.
- Release the syringe needle from the protective cap and immerse it in the medicated liquid. Pulling the handle of the instrument towards you, draw up the medicine.
Break the tip of the ampoule and fill the syringe with medicine
When the syringe is filled with liquid, you need to hit it with your finger a little. This will help to collect all the air bubbles and, by gently pressing the piston, bring them out. After that, you can put an injection.
If the main drug substance is in powder form, it is diluted in a special solution (indicated in the instructions).
This is done in the following way:
- remove the protective metal cap from the bottle;
- using a needle and syringe, inject the required amount of solution into a vial of powder;
- shake thoroughly;
- turn the vial over, pierce the cap and collect the medicine in a syringe.
Instructions for performing an injection in the buttock
It is easy to give an injection to an adult or children. The main thing is to follow the sequence of actions and know all the nuances of the procedure.
Technique for injection for an adult
The following scheme will help to deliver the injection as painlessly as possible.
- Lay the patient on a flat surface face down and release the upper part of the buttocks from clothing.
- Wipe the injection site with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol.
- You need to hold the syringe with your right hand, and stretch the skin in the area of \u200b\u200bthe upcoming injection with your left.
- You need to insert the needle into the muscle three-quarters at an angle of 90 degrees. The movement of the hand must be confident and fast.
- Enter the treatment solution by slowly pressing on the syringe plunger and abruptly remove the needle from the buttock, covering the injured area with an alcoholized cotton swab.
It is important to understand that the rapid introduction of the drug makes the procedure very painful and can provoke the formation of bumps and seals.
Before injection, treat the skin with alcohol
How to give an injection to a child
Children are harder than adults to tolerate injections that are given intramuscularly.
To make the unpleasant procedure as easy as possible for a small organism, several basic nuances should be taken into account:
- When preparing the injection site, the skin should not be stretched (as in adults), but on the contrary, make a fold.
- It is good to massage the desired area of \u200b\u200bthe muscle.
- Insert the needle at a 45 degree angle.
The rest of the manipulations are the same as in an adult.
Insert the needle at an angle
Intramuscular injections are not recommended to be injected into the same place more than 2 times a week. The buttocks must be alternated, and the distance between the skin punctures should be 1-2 cm. This will avoid seals in the muscle tissue and pain.
How to inject yourself
There are situations when there is no one to make an intramuscular injection and you have to carry out this manipulation yourself. Giving an injection to yourself is not so convenient, but you can learn how to do a medical procedure if you know the basic nuances.
- Choose the right posture. Usually they stand in front of the mirror, relaxing the side in which the injection will be made (bend the leg at the knees, resting on the second limb). You can do injections while lying down, while it is recommended to lie on your side.
- Confidently insert the needle. To do this, you need to take the syringe with your right hand and with a sharp movement make an injection into a previously prepared place on the buttock. Slowly squeeze out the medicine.
- Finish the process correctly. Sharply remove the needle, and treat the puncture area with a cotton swab with alcohol (vodka). Massage thoroughly.
It is important not to give injections if the skin in the upper part of the gluteal muscle is covered with acne or other damage. In order to avoid infection, the medicine is recommended to be injected into the muscle on the thigh.
If the injection in the buttock was incorrectly done - complications
Incorrectly made injections can provoke serious consequences:
- vascular damage, which is accompanied by hematomas and abscesses;
- the development of seals and bumps due to poor absorption of the drug;
- inflammation in soft tissues as a result of infection;
- fat or air embolism (air entering the capillary).
If the injection is incorrect, a hematoma may appear on the buttock
If after the injection the buttock hurts, the leg becomes numb or an allergic reaction appears (redness, swelling), we are talking about improper administration of the medicine. To prevent complications, it is recommended to consult a doctor.
What happens if you put an injection with air
A small amount of air entering the muscle or intercellular space during the injection is not dangerous. As a result, an air infiltrate (seal, bumps) may occur, which hurts and becomes inflamed. To alleviate the condition, iodine nets are drawn, soda compresses, cabbage leaves are applied.
If air enters the capillary, the small vessel dies off. This is not harmful to health, but still refers to the undesirable consequences of an injection with air..
It is not difficult to put injections in the buttock on your own, if you follow all the rules of a specific procedure. If the recommendations are violated, bumps and seals may form, which can be joined by infection and inflammation. It is important to pay attention to negative deviations in time in order to prevent the formation of abscesses.
Quite often, there are cases when the doctor prescribes drugs that are available in injections. Undoubtedly, in a medical institution, an experienced physician will easily administer the required dose of medicine to you, and he will not have a question about how to inject an injection in the buttock. But what if the injections are for home use?
Of course, in this case, you can find a familiar nurse and ask her for help, but sometimes this is simply not possible. What to do then? How to put injections in the buttock yourself?
Acquisition of necessary funds
Before you start a course of injections, you need to purchase them. Typically, medicines come in liquid form and are ready to use. Carefully study the doctor's prescription, determine the dosage you need, and only after that purchase the product.
Sometimes a doctor will prescribe antibiotics by injection. In this case, you will have to pre-mix the solution with the powder medicine. Always pay attention to the expiration date of the drug and the method of storage. If it is indicated that the medicine must be kept in the refrigerator, then this instruction must be strictly observed.
In addition to medicines, you will need syringes. They come in different volumes: from one milliliter to twenty. Choose the one that best suits your injection volume. Consider the number of ampoules. Do not inject intramuscularly with one instrument twice.
Medication preparation
When you have purchased the necessary funds, you must properly open the ampoules and draw the medicine into the syringe.
Before you inject into the buttock, open the syringe and put a needle on it. When carrying out manipulations, your hands must be perfectly clean. To do this, wash them with soap or treat with a disinfectant.
Open the ampoule by filing a little neck with a special attached file, then break the glass with a sharp movement away from you. Lower the syringe needle gently into a glass container and draw up the solution.
If you need to mix a liquid with a medicine in the form of a powder, then insert the needle into the bulk product package through the rubber cap. After that, press the plunger and pour the injection water into the flask. Mix the medicine thoroughly and draw it back into the instrument.
Before the injection
So, the syringe with the medicine is ready. How to put injections in the buttock?
First, make sure there are no air bubbles inside the tool. If they are, then they must be removed. To do this, lightly tap the wall of the syringe with your fingernail. After this manipulation, all the air will collect at the top, and you, by slightly pressing on the piston, will release it.
How to put injections in the buttock of a child?
If your baby has been prescribed a course of injections, then you can very well conduct it yourself. When buying a syringe, give preference to special children's devices. If your child is very small, then it is quite possible to take an insulin syringe. Its needle is much shorter and thinner than a standard tool. However, it must be remembered that such a device is not suitable for an adult. The needle simply does not reach the muscle, and you will inject the drug under the skin.
Divide the buttock visually into four parts. If this is your first time making an injection, you can draw a dividing grid in order to accurately hit the right place. For a child, this will be a game and fun, and it will help you.
It is necessary to select the upper right segment of the outer part of the parva buttock (or the left one for the left one). This is where the drug will be injected. Moisten cotton wool with an alcohol solution (you can take ordinary vodka or an alcohol-containing lotion). After that, remove the cap from the syringe needle and make sure once again that all the air has been expelled. Gently knead the injection site with your fingers and squeeze it. With a sharp movement, insert the syringe needle and make an intramuscular injection into the buttock.
Some drugs (for example, vitamin preparations) are quite painful when injected, so the syringe plunger must be pressed slowly, gradually introducing the drug.
How to put injections in the buttock of an adult?
An injection is administered to an adult in a slightly different way than to a child. You still have to divide the buttock into four parts and choose the appropriate segment. After that, wipe the skin with cotton wool with an alcohol solution and slightly knead the surface of the body.
If, when a child was injected, the gluteal region needed to be squeezed a little, then for an adult, the opposite is true. Slightly stretch the skin into which the injection will be made. With a sharp movement of the hand, insert the needle about two-thirds. Gently press the plunger and pour in the medicine.
An injection to oneself
Sometimes situations arise when it is not possible to ask someone to give an injection. In this case, you can easily carry out this procedure yourself.
Prepare the medicine in a syringe and cotton with a disinfectant. Sit on the couch, turning slightly to one side. Determine the area needed for the injection and wipe it with cotton. After that, similarly to the previous methods, insert the syringe perpendicular to the skin. Position your hand in a comfortable position and gently pour the medication into the muscle.
How to remove the syringe after an injection?
After the medicine is completely injected, you need to properly remove and dispose of the syringe. Take in one hand the cotton wool that was disinfected before the injection. Gently but surely pull the needle out of the skin and quickly press the wound with cotton. After that, it is necessary to leave a disinfectant cloth on the injection area. This is necessary so that the smallest droplets of blood do not stain clothes.
If you are giving an injection to a baby, then in this case it is better to replace the alcoholized cotton with a clean gauze pad or cotton pad. Otherwise, you risk inflicting a burn on the baby.
When self-injecting, you will not be able to pull out the needle and put cotton on the injection site at the same time. In this case, you must quickly remove the syringe and place the tissue in the desired area. In this case, a few drops of the drug may come out. Nothing wrong with that. Most of the drug is in the muscle.
Disposal of improvised means
After the injection, it is necessary to close the syringe needle with a cap and place it back in the package. Injection ampoules must also be placed in a plastic bag. After that, you can throw these items in the trash.
Conclusion
Now you know how to properly inject injections into the buttock of an adult, a child, and yourself. Even if an experienced nurse comes to your aid, it will be useful to know the process of carrying out this manipulation.
If you are giving an injection to a baby, never lie to him and say that it will not hurt at all. Say you have to be patient. And in the event that the child steadfastly endured all the trials, praise and encourage him.
Never show your child that you are afraid. All your movements must be confident. Do not show the syringe to a child. Try to carry out the preparation of the injection out of his sight.
The ability to give injections may never be useful to you, however, knowing the principle of work, you will always be in a winning position.
Be healthy and don't get sick!
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