31st mixed aviation division.
(brief historical background)
Formed in August 1940 on the basis of Resolution of the Council of People's Commissars No. 1344-524ss of July 25, 1940.
In the active army:
As part of the associations:
From August 1940 to July 1941 - as part of the Air Force of the 2nd Red Banner Army of the Far Eastern Front.
From July 14, 1941 to July 29, 1941 - as part of the Air Force of the Reserve Army Front.
From July 29, 1941 to? August 1941 - as part of the Air Force of the Reserve Front.
WITH? August 1941 to December 24, 1941 - as part of the Air Force of the Western Front.
From December 24, 1941 to January 10, 1942 - as part of the Air Force of the Kalinin Front.
From January 10, 1942 to February 28, 1942 - as part of the Air Force of the 39th Army of the Kalinin Front.
Division composition:
3rd Fighter Aviation Regiment (1st formation) - from August 27, 1940 to June 28, 1941. Transferred to the direct subordination of the headquarters of the Air Force of the 2nd Red Banner Army of the Far Eastern Front.
14th Fighter Aviation Regiment - from 1940 to July 8, 1941. Transferred to the direct subordination of the headquarters of the Air Force of the 1st Red Banner Army of the Far Eastern Front.
29th Red Banner Fighter Aviation Regiment - from August 1940 to November 14, 1941. Left for the 27th reserve fighter aviation regiment.
37th High-Speed Bomber Aviation Regiment - from August 1940 to September 25, 1941.
300th Fighter Aviation Regiment - from December 1940 to March 1941. Transferred to the 69th Mixed Aviation Division.
306th Fighter Aviation Regiment - from February 1941 to July 1941.
37th "A" high-speed bomber aviation regiment - from August 20, 1941 to September 17, 1941.
198th Assault Aviation Regiment - from September 1, 1941 to November 19, 1941.
187th Fighter Aviation Regiment - from September 6, 1941 to November 14, 1941. Left for the 14th reserve fighter aviation regiment (Rybinsk).
128th Fast Bomber Aviation Regiment - from December 15, 1941 to February 28, 1942. Transferred to the direct subordination of the headquarters of the Air Force of the Kalinin Front.
274th Fighter Aviation Regiment (1st formation) (HF PP 10287) - from December 29, 1941 to January 29, 1942. Left for the 2nd reserve fighter aviation regiment (Seimas) and was renamed the 737th fighter aviation regiment.
237th Fighter Aviation Regiment (HF PP 06931) - from January 10, 1942 to February 28, 1942. Transferred to the direct subordination of the headquarters of the Air Force of the Kalinin Front.
521st Fighter Aviation Regiment - from January 10, 1942 to February 28, 1942. Transferred to the direct subordination of the headquarters of the Air Force of the 39th Army of the Kalinin Front.
Division command.
Colonel (since October 29, 1941, Major General of Aviation) Rudenko Sergei Ignatievich - from January 10, 1941 to December 7, 1941. Appointed to the post of commander of the Air Force of the 20th Army of the Western Front.
Hero of the Soviet Union, Colonel Gromov Mikhail Mikhailovich - from December 13, 1941 to February 13, 1942. Appointed to the post of commander of the Air Force of the Kalinin Front.
Colonel Savitsky Evgeniy Yakovlevich - from February 13, 1942 to February 28, 1942.
Participation in operations and battles:
Kalinin operation - from October 10, 1941 to November 9, 1941.
Rzhev-Vyazemsk operation - from January 8, 1942 to February 28, 1942.
Sychevsko-Vyazma operation - from January 8, 1942 to February 28, 1942.
Awards:
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 9, 1941, the 29th Red Banner Fighter Aviation Regiment was awarded the Order of Lenin.
Heroes of the Soviet Union:
On October 22, 1941, Dudin Nikolai Maksimovich, junior political instructor, commissar of the squadron of the 29th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the 31st Mixed Aviation Division of the Air Force of the 29th Army of the Western Front, was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. Gold Star No. 548.
On October 22, 1941, Khitrin Vasily Alekseevich, senior lieutenant, flight commander of the 29th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the 31st Mixed Aviation Division of the Air Force of the 29th Army of the Western Front, was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. Posthumously.
On April 12, 1942, Vasily Ivanovich Turovtsev, captain, squadron commander of the 198th assault aviation regiment of the 31st mixed aviation division of the Air Force of the Western Front, was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. Gold Star No. 662.
December 29, 1941. Nikitin Anatoly Nikolaevich. Ensign. Gunner-bomber of the 128th High Speed Bomber Aviation Regiment. Died in a combat mission on a Pe-2 aircraft. He was buried in the military cemetery of the village of Lebedevo, Staritsky district, Kalinin region.
December 29, 1941. Sobolev Ivan Ivanovich. Ensign. Pilot of the 128th High Speed Bomber Aviation Regiment. Died in a combat mission on a Pe-2 aircraft. He was buried in the military cemetery of the village of Lebedevo, Staritsky district, Kalinin region.
January 3, 1942. Kudryashov Efim Ivanovich. Staff Sergeant. Gunner-radio operator of the 128th high-speed bomber aviation regiment. Did not return from a combat mission to the Rzhev area.
January 3, 1942. Paliy Pyotr Zakharovich. Lieutenant. Flight navigator of the 128th High Speed Bomber Aviation Regiment. Did not return from a combat mission to the Rzhev area.
January 3, 1942. Ryzhikh Afanasy Georgievich. Senior Lieutenant. Flight commander of the 128th High Speed Bomber Aviation Regiment. Did not return from a combat mission to the Rzhev area.
January 7, 1942. Zhaboedov Nikolai Sergeevich. Ensign. Flight commander of the 274th Fighter Aviation Regiment (1st formation). Did not return from a combat mission to the Monchalovo - Olenino, Chertolino area on a LaGG-3 aircraft.
January 9, 1942. Polekhin Gavriil Dmitrievich. Ensign. Flight commander of the 274th Fighter Aviation Regiment (1st formation). Did not return from a combat mission on a LaGG-3 aircraft.
January 9, 1942. Frolov Anatoly Alexandrovich. Junior military technician. Aviation mechanic of the 128th High Speed Bomber Aviation Regiment. Hacked to death by an airplane propeller. He was buried in the cemetery of the village of Budovo, Kalinin region.
January 15, 1942. Abulkhanov Kiyam Tagirovich. Senior Lieutenant. Squadron commander of the 274th Fighter Aviation Regiment (1st formation) (1 personal victory). Did not return from a combat mission on a LaGG-3 aircraft.
February 2, 1942. Matveev Grigory Fedorovich. Ensign. Flight commander of the 521st Fighter Aviation Regiment. Died in a combat mission on a Yak-1 aircraft. He was buried at the Kubinka airfield.
February 3, 1942. Suetin Vasily Nikitovich. Ensign. Pilot of the 521st Fighter Aviation Regiment. Did not return from a combat mission on a Yak-1 aircraft.
February 4, 1942. Myakushko Yakov Ivanovich. Ensign. Pilot of the 237th Fighter Aviation Regiment. Killed in an air battle on a Yak-1 aircraft. He was buried in the village of Taltsy, Staritsky district, Kalinin region.
February 6, 1942. Bakanov Vasily Alekseevich. Ensign. Flight commander of the 521st Fighter Aviation Regiment. Killed in an air battle on a Yak-1 aircraft. He was buried in the cemetery of the village of Kantelovo.
February 6, 1942. Dremin Ivan Grigorievich. Captain. Navigator of the 128th Fast Bomber Squadron. He died in a combat mission to the Rzhev area on a Pe-2 plane.
February 6, 1942. Efremov Ivan Kanaevich. Ensign. Pilot of the 128th High Speed Bomber Aviation Regiment. Shot down on a combat mission to the Rzhev area on a Pe-2 aircraft. Jumped out with a parachute over territory occupied by the enemy.
February 6, 1942. Karagodov Vasily Khrisanfovich. Senior Lieutenant. Squadron commander of the 128th Fast Bomber Aviation Regiment (about 100 combat missions). He died in a combat mission to the Rzhev area on a Pe-2 plane.
February 6, 1942. Lukyanov Ivan Emelyanovich. Lieutenant. Squadron communications chief, 128th Fast Bomber Regiment. Shot down on a combat mission to the Rzhev area on a Pe-2 aircraft. Jumped out with a parachute over territory occupied by the enemy.
February 6, 1942. Tinsel Ivan Ivanovich. Sergeant. Gunner-radio operator of the 128th high-speed bomber aviation regiment. He died in a combat mission to the Rzhev area on a Pe-2 plane.
February 6, 1942. Morozov Nikolai Grigorievich. Staff Sergeant. Gunner-radio operator of the 128th high-speed bomber aviation regiment. He died in a combat mission to the Rzhev area on a Pe-2 plane.
February 7, 1942. Polyakov Sergey Mikhailovich. Ensign. Pilot of the 237th Fighter Aviation Regiment. Did not return from a combat mission on a Yak-1 aircraft.
February 8, 1942. Kyiv Ivan Matveevich. Captain. Deputy squadron commander of the 521st Fighter Aviation Regiment. The Yak-1 died while performing a combat mission: when attacking a Ju-88 at low altitude, its fighter went into a tailspin and crashed along with the pilot. He was buried in the village of Klimovo, Kalinin region.
February 13, 1942. Fedyushin Nikolai Pavlovich. Ensign. Pilot of the 237th Fighter Aviation Regiment. Died in a plane crash on a Yak-1 plane.
February 17, 1942. Pavlov Rurik Sergeevich. Staff Sergeant. Pilot of the 237th Fighter Aviation Regiment. Killed in an air battle on a Yak-1 aircraft. He was buried in the cemetery of the village of Klimovo, Kalinin region.
February 22, 1942. Puzyrev Nikolai Ivanovich. Ensign. Pilot of the 237th Fighter Aviation Regiment. Killed in an air battle on a Yak-1 aircraft. He was buried in the village of Ignatyevo, Staritsky district, Kalinin region.
THE LIST OF LOSSES IS TBD.
Kuibyshevka-Vostochnaya (Belogorsk).
On February 28, 1942, the 31st Mixed Aviation Division was sent to form the Air Force of the 39th Army of the Kalinin Front.
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Books
- , . Reprinted edition using print-on-demand technology from the original from 1929. Reproduced in the original author's spelling of the 1929 edition (publishing house `Trukikoda`ERK``).…
- Year of revolution 1917-18 Guards Rifle Division in the Great War. , . Reprinted edition using print-on-demand technology from the original from 1929. Reproduced in the original author's spelling of the 1929 edition (publishing house "Trukikoda"…
- Volunteers Muscovites defending the Fatherland. 3rd Moscow Communist Rifle Division in the years, Biryukov Vladimir Konstantinovich. On July 2, 1941, the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks invited local party organizations to lead the creation of a people’s militia, and on the same day the Military Council of the Moscow Military District adopted the “Resolution on ...
Formed in 1925.
On June 22, 1941, it was stationed in Yerevan, parts of the division were on the Iranian and Turkish border.
On 10/07/1941 it was sent to Moscow, but on the way it was redirected to Rostov-on-Don. On October 10, at Besergenovka station, units of the division began unloading and were immediately moved to the river line. Mius.
Having occupied a front stretching 24 km, the division immediately entered into battle with the advanced units of 1TA Colonel General Von Kleist (13,14,16td, 60md, SS "AH", SS "Viking"). Despite the fact that the command did not have time to reconnoiter the area and the infantry did not have time to dig trenches, the division fought successful defensive battles for 7 days from October 10 to 17. On October 17, 1941, the enemy, bringing up reserves, broke through the defenses in the center of the division's defense and captured Taganrog. The division was forced to retreat to the Sambek, Bessergenovka line. by October 20, 1941, the division was forced to retreat beyond the Don at the Chaltyr-Nedvigovka line. On October 20, units of the 343rd Rifle Division arrived and through joint efforts the enemy’s advance towards Rostov-on-Don was stopped.
On November 17, the enemy resumed the attack on Rostov. For several days the division fought fierce defensive battles on the approaches to Rostov. On November 20, the enemy managed to break through at the junction with the 343rd Rifle Division. Developing the offensive, the enemy sought to cut off parts of the division from crossings on the river. Don. On the night of November 21, parts of the division were withdrawn to the southern bank of the Don, covering the direction to Bataysk.
From November 25, the division launched an attack on Rostov from the west in the direction of Nizhne Gnilovskaya, assisting units of the 56th Army in the liberation of Rostov-on-Don. On the night of November 29, units of the division captured Nizhne Gnilovskaya, and on the afternoon of November 29 they broke into the western part of Rostov. After the liberation of the city, units of the division pursued those retreating across the river until January 20. The enemy's Mius and, having reached Mius, took up defense along the river bank in the Kuibyshevo, Novoyasinovsky sector.
Until July 19, for 6 months, the division fought defensive battles on the river. Mius. In July '42 the enemy launched an attack on Stalingrad and the Caucasus. By July 15, units of the Southern Front were bypassed by the enemy, who had seized a bridgehead on the river. North Donets near Kamensk. Under the threat of encirclement, the Southern Front began to withdraw from Donbass to the Rostov bypass. By July 22, the division was transferred to the north. Rostov for the defense of the city, where during July 22-23 it fought heavy defensive battles. On July 24, the enemy broke through on the left flank at the junction with the 76th Rifle Brigade and reached the rear of the division. Continuing to develop the offensive against Krasny Kurgan along the Novocherkassk-Rostov highway. By the evening of July 24, Rostov was captured by the enemy. By order of the commander of the 56th Army, on the night of July 25, the division was withdrawn to the river. Aksai, and on July 26 beyond the river. Don.
Having retreated beyond the Don on July 27, the division was transferred to the 12th Army and by 17.00 it was advanced to the line Slava Truda, Pervomaisky, agricultural storage (grain), Sukhoi Batai gully, with the task of preventing the enemy from advancing to the south and southeast. However, on July 25, the enemy launched an offensive from its bridgeheads on the Don near Nikolaevskaya and Tsimlyanskaya. The weak 37th Army (the right neighbor of the 12th Army) lost all its artillery during the retreat across the Don and was unable to contain the enemy. Its defense was broken through and German motorized units began to develop an offensive towards Salsk. On July 27, the Southern Front was disbanded and included in the North Caucasus Front under the command of Marshal S.M. Budyonny. By the end of July 27, the enemy's mobile units (3rd Division) reached the river. Manych near the village of Vesely and captured the dam. However, on the evening of July 28, the dam was nevertheless blown up and the gushing stream of water along the Manych riverbed washed away all the enemy’s bridges. The crossing until July 30 was carried out by pontoons, which greatly lengthened the time it took for the German troops to cross and gave our retreating troops a short respite.
On July 28, the 31st Rifle Division was marched to the line of Rudukhina Balka, Zhukovo-Tatarsky, where it took up defensive positions. On July 28, units of the division were attacked by enemy tanks and motorized infantry (most likely these were units of the enemy's 13th Panzer Division and SS "Viking" Infantry Division). The division's defense was broken through and the units began to retreat in disarray in the direction of Kagalnitskaya and Zernograd. Having captured Kagalnitskaya, the enemy began to develop an offensive to the south. The 31st Rifle Division units that lost control retreated to Yegorlytskaya and further to Sredny Yegorlyk, which was captured by the enemy on July 30. The remnants of the 31st Rifle Division were withdrawn by August 2 to the Maikop area for reorganization and replenishment. 9 August 42 The division commander, Major General Ozimin, was sentenced by the military tribunal of the North Caucasus Front to 10 years in forced labor camps for the loss of command and control of the troops (during the withdrawal from the Don River), with a deferment of serving the sentence until the end of hostilities (the conviction was subsequently dropped).
On August 4-5, the enemy crossed the Kuban and captured Armavir and, rapidly developing an offensive along the Armavir-Belorechensk railway, on August 6 captured Kurgannaya and a bridgehead on the river. Laba. The 31st Infantry Division, which was replenished with personnel and weapons, was deployed for the defense of Maykop. Already on August 9, the advanced units of the enemy’s 13th Panzer Division broke through to Maikop, but the 31st Infantry Division held the defense south of Maikop on the river until August 13. White covering the direction Maikop - Khadyzhensk - Tuapse. From 08/13/1942 it retreated to the Main Caucasus Range in the Rezhet-Maratuki area, where it went on the defensive, covering the Lazarevskoe direction. (in the area of the villages of Rezhet, Maratuki, Tuba and on the slopes of Mount Oplepen - at an altitude of 10.10). In September 1942, it was replenished with the 818th Infantry Regiment, formed on the basis of the 9th Motorized Rifle Division of the NKVD, and became part of the so-called Lazarev group. From 08/18/1942 to 01/11/1943 it was on the defensive at the same line.
01/11/1943 from the Tserkovny line, height 509.9 - in the offensive in the general direction of Samurskaya, as a result of counterattacks it was thrown back from the starting line.
Since February 1943, he took part in the Krasnodar offensive operation; on February 12, 1943, he liberated Krasnodar. Subsequently, the division fought against the Kuban bridgehead of the 17th German Army, after which it was withdrawn to the front reserve.
In July 1943, the division was transferred on foot from the North Caucasus Front to the Southwestern Front in the Starobelsk area. By August 22, the division was concentrated in the rear of the 46th Army south of Zmiev.
On August 26, 1943, the division as part of the 46th Army went on the offensive in the direction of Taranovka. Having advanced in the direction of Taranovka, the division suffered heavy losses (during August 26-31, it lost 440 people killed and 2,200 wounded). On September 1, the division was transferred to reserve (except for the 248th rifle regiment, which fought near Taranovka). On September 12, the 31st Rifle Division was again promoted to the first echelon and went on the offensive from the area southwest of Borki. So the division commander, Major General Bogdanovich, came to the front line on September 12 during an attack in the direction of Lazurevichi. And accompanied by the beginning. headquarters (as the report says "pretty intoxicating") ran ahead of the front line and not paying attention to the explosions of shells, shouting “Brothers, what is this, how long will it take to trample our land?!” rushed forward towards the enemy. The battalion commanders ran after him to save the general, and then shouted “HURRAY!” and fighters. Soon, however, the attackers lay down under enemy artillery and mortar fire, and the division commander went to the car, flaunting his daring.
On September 15, German troops began to retreat to the Dnieper. Retreating behind them, the enemy burned crops and populated areas and drove civilians into slavery. Pursuing him, units 46A moved towards the Dnieper. Now the enemy front was quickly broken through and by September 20, units of the division advanced to Pereshchepino, capturing a bridgehead on the river. Orel. The greatest speed was demonstrated by units of the 31st and 236th divisions. Already on September 22, the 31st Rifle Division captured Chaplinka. FOR the energy in the actions of the personnel and command, the division received gratitude from the commander of 46A, Major General Glagolev. On September 24, the 31st Rifle Division captured Petrikovka. On the morning of September 25, the advanced units of the division reached the bank of the river. Dnepr near the village Kuleshi. On the night of September 27, units of the division crossed the Dnieper near the village of Auly and captured a bridgehead on the opposite bank of the river 1 km wide and 250 m deep. In the following days, the 31st Rifle Division fought fierce battles to expand the bridgehead at Aula and repelled fierce enemy counterattacks.
Then, in 1944, she took part in the Korsun-Shevchenko operation, the Uman-Botosha operation and the Iasi-Chisinau operation, participating, among other things, in the liberation of Chisinau.
On January 21, 1945, the division entered German territory and took part in the Sandomierz-Silesian operation, the Lower Silesian operation, and the Berlin strategic operation.
The fighting ended with participation in the Prague operation in the region of Liberec.
SUBORDINATION
on 07/01/1941 - Transcaucasian Military District - 40 SK
on 07/07/1941 - Transcaucasian Military District - 40 SK
as of 08/01/1941 - Transcaucasian Military District - 45 A
on 09/01/1941 - Transcaucasian Front - 45 A
on 10/01/1941 - Transcaucasian Front - 45 A
on 01.11.1941 - 56th separate army
on 12/01/1941 - Southern Front - 56 A
on 01/01/1942 - Southern Front - 56 A
on 02/01/1942 - Southern Front - 56 A
on 03/01/1942 - Southern Front - 56 A
on 04/01/1942 - Southern Front - 56 A
on 05/01/1942 - Southern Front - 56 A
on 06/01/1942 - Southern Front - 56 A
on 07/01/1942 - Southern Front - 56 A
on 08/01/1942 - North Caucasus Front - 12 A
on 09/01/1942 - North Caucasus Front - 18 A
on 10/01/1942 - Transcaucasian Front - Black Sea Group of Forces - 18 A
on 11/01/1942 - Transcaucasian Front - front-line subordination
on 12/01/1942 - Transcaucasian Front - front-line subordination - 16 SK
on 01/01/1943 - Transcaucasian Front - Black Sea Group of Forces - 46 A
on 02/01/1943 - Transcaucasian Front - Black Sea Group of Forces - 46 A
on 03/01/1943 - Transcaucasian Front - Black Sea Group of Forces - 46 A
on 04/01/1943 - North Caucasus Front - front-line subordination - 22 SK
as of 05/01/1943 - Reserve of the Supreme Command headquarters - Stepnoy VO - 46 A
as of 06/01/1943 - SWF - 46 A
as of 07/01/1943 - SWF - 46 A
as of 08/01/1943 - Reserve of the High Command rate - 46 A
as of 09/01/1943 - SWF - 46 A
on 10/01/1943 - Steppe Front - 46 A
on 01.11.1943 - 3 Ukr. front - 46 A - 26 Guards. SK
on 12/01/1943 - 3 Ukr. front - 46 A - 6 Guards. SK
as of 01/01/1944 - 2 Ukr. front - front-line subordination - 26 Guards. SK
on 02/01/1944 - 2 Ukr. front - 4th Guards A - 20 Guards. SK
on 03/01/1944 - 2 Ukr. front - 52 A - 73 SK
on 04/01/1944 - 2 Ukr. front - 52 A - 73 SK
on 05/01/1944 - 2 Ukr. front - 52 A - 48 SK
on 06/01/1944 - 2 Ukr. front - 52 A - 78 SK
on 07/01/1944 - 2 Ukr. front - 4th Guards A - 78 SK
on 08/01/1944 - 2 Ukr. front - 4th Guards A - 78 SK
on 09/01/1944 - 2 Ukr. front - 4th Guards A - 78 SK
as of 10/01/1944 - Reserve of the High Command rate - 52 A - 78 SK
on 01.11.1944 - 1 Ukr. front - 52 A - 78 SK
as of 12/01/1944 - 1 Ukr. front - 52 A - 78 SK
as of 01/01/1945 - 1 Ukr. front - 52 A - 78 SK
as of 02/01/1945 - 1 Ukr. front - 52 A - 78 SK
on 03/01/1945 - 1 Ukr. front - 52 A - 78 SK
as of 04/01/1945 - 1 Ukr. front - 52 A - 73 SK
as of 05/01/1945 - 1 Ukr. front - 52 A - 78 SK
COMPOUND
75th and 248th Infantry Regiment,
177th Infantry Regiment (until November 20, 1942),
818th Infantry Regiment (from 9/30/42),
32 light artillery regiment (120 gap),
151 separate anti-tank fighter division,
86 reconnaissance company,
104th engineer battalion,
128th separate communications battalion (until April 23, 1943),
128th separate communications company (from 23.4.43 to 1.8.43),
1449 separate communications company (from 1.8.43 to 25.11.44),
52nd separate communications battalion (from 11/25/44),
16th medical battalion,
282nd separate chemical defense company,
435th motor transport company,
686 field bakery (33 and 292 field bakery),
188th divisional veterinary hospital,
24th division artillery workshop,
88 field postal station,
211 field cash desk of the State Bank.
Titles and awards
assigned the name "Stalingradskaya"
awarded the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky II class.
awarded the Order of the Red Banner
Commanders
Division commanders
1935 - 08.02.1938
brigade commander V.V. Khlebnikov (arrested and executed)
07.04.1938 - 09.08.1942
regiment, from 12/27/1941 major general Ozimin Mikhail Ivanovich
10.08.1942 - 03.09.1942
Major General Ivanovsky Stanislav Antonovich
04.09.1942 - 12.10.1942
regiment. Serov Georgy Ivanovich
13.10.1942 - 02.12.1943
regiment, from 03/28/1943 Major General Bogdanovich Pyotr Konstantinovich
03.12.1943 - 08.12.1943
regiment. Kiryushin Konstantin Vasilievich
09.12.1943 - 09.02.1944
Major General Bogdanovich Peter Konstantinovich
10.02.1944 - 11.05.1945
regiment. Khilchevsky Ivan Fedotovich Hmayak Levonovich Kazaryan (
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), captain, commander
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Bogdanovich, Pyotr Konstantinovich, commander
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Pyotr Konstantinovich Bogdanovich (
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Participant in a number of wars,
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Biography
Pyotr Bogdanovich was born
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(according to the new style -
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) July
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In a working family. Received primary education, with
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Worked for
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A turner, while studying at a technical school. In February
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Bogdanovich joined the Red Guard detachment and participated in
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Revolutions,
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In February
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Went to serve in
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He was sent to the front, took part in battles with German troops under
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Participated in
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And the head of intelligence of the 41st Uros-Ozersky Regiment, fought under
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Against Finnish, English and White Guard troops. Since March
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Studied at the 1st Soviet cavalry courses in Petrograd. Participated in the cadet combined regiment in the battles near Petrograd with the troops of the general
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After completing the courses, he fought in
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Was a commander
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15th Cavalry Division of the 1st Cavalry Corps, then head of the reconnaissance department of the cavalry brigade
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Participated in
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Fights with the Makhnovists. In June
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Bogdanovich was appointed assistant chief of intelligence of the 1st Transbaikal Cavalry Division, participated in battles with the baron's troops
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.IN
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Bogdanovich graduated from the Higher Cavalry School in Petrograd. From June
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He was the chief of mounted reconnaissance troops of the 14th border battalion of the 17th border detachment of troops.
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Served in the 6th Chongar Cavalry Division
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Was a commander
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Commander
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Assistant chief of staff of a cavalry regiment. From January
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Bogdanovich was assistant chief of the 1st part of the headquarters of the 7th Samara Cavalry Division in
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From August
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He was an assistant to the head of the headquarters department of the 3rd Cavalry Corps. In September
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He was removed from his post and dismissed from the Red Army. In April
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He was reinstated in the army to his previous position. From August 1938 he was the head of the headquarters department of the same corps, and from November 1938 he was assistant chief of staff of the 6th Cavalry Division. Soon after his last appointment he was sent to study at the academy. While studying at the academy, Bogdanovich was sent as chief of staff of a rifle brigade and division to the front
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Graduated
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From April
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He was the chief of staff of the 74th Infantry Division in
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Participated in
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.At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War he held the same position as part of
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December
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Bogdanovich was appointed chief of staff of a separate cavalry corps
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Southern Front,
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He was the acting commander of this corps. IN
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He joined
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In March
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He became commander of the 81st brigade
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In October 1942 - commander
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Participated in the defense
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Fights on
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Liberation
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He was awarded the title
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.In April
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The division was transferred to
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And subsequently - on
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(from October of the same year -
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). The division under the command of Bogdanovich took part in
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Autumn 1943. In December 1943, Bogdanovich was seriously wounded. In February
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Returned to duty. His division became part of
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Participated in
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In May 1944, Bogdanovich was appointed commander
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(later transferred to the
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). The division under his leadership participated in
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Operations
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.In January
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Bogdanovich organized a deep breakthrough of German defenses on the west bank
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Near the village
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Pursuing the retreating German units, the division crossed
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And entered the territory
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For the period from
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1945, Bogdanovich's division destroyed 3,320 and captured 161 German soldiers and officers, destroyed 203
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47 guns, 6
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230 cars, 23
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35 bicycles, 8 self-propelled guns, 217 carts with cargo
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.By Decree of the Presidium
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In 1945, for “exemplary performance of combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the Nazi invaders and the courage and heroism shown,” Major General Pyotr Bogdanovich was awarded the high rank
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With delivery
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Number 6446
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.From August 1945, Bogdanovich was deputy commander
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As part of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. In October
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Became a teacher of operational-tactical training at the Frunze Military Academy. December
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Bogdanovich was transferred to the reserve for “drunkenness and indecent behavior”
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.Lived in
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Died
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Buried at
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.He was awarded two Orders of Lenin, three
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Orders
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2nd degree and
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And also a number of medals
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.Hmayak Levonovich Kazaryan, commander
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Hmayak Levonovich Kazaryan (Please or to view hidden links
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) Soviet officer, participant
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Biography
Was born in
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In the village
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(now
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) in a peasant family. IN
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Ghazaryan's family fleeing
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Arranged by the authorities of the Ottoman Empire, he moves to
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Was part of
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Two years after the move, a revolution occurs in Russia, as a result of which
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An independent independent state was created on the territory of Russian Armenia.
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which
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After the defeat in the war with Turkey, supported by Bolshevik Russia, it was Sovietized. Living in
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Ghazaryan finishes the 4th grade of high school, after which he
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Joins the ranks
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He graduated from the Caucasian military school to which he was sent for advanced training, after which he was sent to
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Which graduates with honors in
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Starting at
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From the first days he was in the active army on the battlefields with the Nazi invaders in the position of
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Ghazaryan was seriously wounded, and the next day
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Died from his wounds. He was buried in a mass grave near the village for which he gave his life. After his death, the command presented him with the highest award of the Soviet Union.
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The first offensive of Soviet troops to liberate Kuban began in January 1943 from the Absheron region. The enemy sent 26 selected mountain ranger, infantry, motorized and tank divisions to the Caucasus. Their main goal was to seize oil in the areas of the cities of Maykop, Grozny and Baku.
They fought to the death, but they didn’t let the enemy into the sea
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Our troops deployed defensive battles of the Transcaucasian Front in five main directions: Nalchik-Mozdok, Elbrus, Novorossiysk, Tuapse and Lazarevsko-Sochi. Combat operations in the Tuapse direction took place from mid-August 1942 on the lines of Khadyzhensk, the village of Kurinskaya, the heights of Geiman, Lysaya, Kochkanova, Lantern, Semashkho, Two Brothers, Kamenistaya, Indyuk and others. Here, in fierce and stubborn battles, the enemy was stopped by soldiers of rifle, mountain rifle divisions and marine brigades of the 18th, 47th and 56th armies.
In the Lazarevsko-Sochi direction, the enemy 46th Infantry Division, units of the 97th, 1st, 4th Mountain Jaeger Divisions, the Alpine Rifle Battalion of General Lantz, units of the SS Viking Motorized Division, parts of the 19th the Romanian infantry division, the Belgian legion "Volons", Slavic and Georgian legions, squadrons of the 4th Air Fleet, staunchly held in defensive battles on the lines of the heights of Oplepen, Krasnaya Krucha, Shupse, Lysachka, Kipchal, the villages of Maratuki, the Wolf Gate gorge, Matazyk, passes Azishkho, Pseashkho and other soldiers of the 31st Infantry Division, 691st Rifle Regiment and 966th Artillery Regiment from the 383rd SD, 236th SD, 10th Guards from units of the 12th Kuban and 11th Guards Don Cossack Cavalry Divisions, 51st Rifle Brigade, small units from the 81st Marine Rifle Brigade and the 145th Marine Regiment, the 547th Separate Army Artillery Regiment, the 10th Guards Mountain Pack Battalion of Jet Mortars (Katyusha), the 492nd Surgical Field Mobile Hospital, partisan detachments of the Absheron region, Lazarevskaya group of troops of Major General V.A. Gaidukov, 33rd NKVD Internal Troops Regiment, 23rd NKVD Border Regiment, 20th Guards Rifle Division, left flank of the 46th Army, squadron from the 5th Aviation Army, etc.
From August 1942 to January 1943, the height of 1010.3 Oplepen changed hands up to eight times (the battalion of Captain Slavkin from the 383rd Infantry Division, the battalion of Captain Chubukin from the 31st Infantry Division, units of the 236th Infantry Division, units of the 236th Infantry Division, and 11th Guards Cossack Cavalry Division and 20th Mountain Rifle Division).
On August 18, 1942, 28 fighters of Lieutenant Albegov from the 31st Infantry Division stopped the column of invaders in the battle for the Wolf Gate gorge. The next day, at height 736.1 Krasnaya Krucha, a platoon of Lieutenant Stokin distinguished himself in battle.
In the Maykop direction, it was necessary to deliver a diversionary strike in order to draw back part of the enemy forces there from the main Krasnodar and auxiliary Novorossiysk offensives, which was planned in early January 1943. To deliver a diversionary strike, a road from the village of Lazarevskoye was built within two months by engineer battalions, civilians and prisoners of war through the Khakuch pass to the village of Shpalorez in the Absheron region. Manpower, weapons, ammunition, medicines, and food were transported along it.
The main dominant heights of Oplepen, Kipchal, Volchi Vorota, Shapka and others were in the hands of invaders from units of the 46th Infantry Division and the 4th Mountain Jaeger Division. In the mountain clearings of Shkolnaya, Fern and others, the enemy installed its long-range and mortar batteries. December 12, 1942 . The 818th regiment of the 31st SD went on the offensive in the area of the Shapka, Zheltaya heights and farmsteads near the Tsitsa River. The enemy put up strong resistance, stopping the regiment in positional battles on its lines.
At the end of 1942, Army General Zhukov, on behalf of the headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, demanded that the command of the North Caucasus Front take active action. Lieutenant General Leselidze quickly set a combat mission for the officers of the 9th Mountain Rifle Division: to move on a march from the village of Lazarevskoye to the Main Caucasus Range, to the front line, to the Pshekha area.
There was a hospital in front of the pass. Those going to the front line were met by a delegation from Georgia with New Year's gifts. At the pass between two large fir trees, on which banners and portraits of Lenin and Stalin were installed, there was a road to the front line. Crossing it was a difficult ordeal for the division's soldiers. They walked waist-deep in snow, dragging not only tractors, but also weapons, ammunition, duffel bags, and guns. It was forbidden to make fires. On January 6, 1943, the 9th Mountain Rifle Division descended into the Pshekha Valley. Further, the units went through the villages of Shpalorez, Tuby, Rezhet, Kushinka.
The height of Oplepen was smoking from the explosions of shells and bombs, from forest fires. There had been heavy fighting there for the fifth month. After a short rest, units of the division crossed to the right bank of the Pshekha and began to advance along the slopes of the Shupse height to the area of Mount Shapka and the Tsitsa River through the battle formations of the right flank of the 31st Infantry Division.
The 46th Army was better provided with ammunition than others, but due to the rains with sleet and muddy roads, only half of the artillery occupied combat positions. On January 11, 1943, after insufficient artillery preparation, parts of the 75th and 248th rifle regiments The 31st SD attacked enemy positions along the entire front with reconnaissance in force from the heights of Oplepen, Wolf Gate, in particular, the 818th Infantry Regiment from the lines of heights 509.9 (Lysachka), 501.0 (Shapka), 447.1 (Yellow). But the enemy easily repulsed the attacks, followed by two German battalions with a powerful counterattack knocked out units of the 31st SD to their original positions, returning the row of heights back.
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Offensive of the 9th Mountain Rifle and the 818th Infantry Regiment of the 31st Infantry Division was planned at dawn on January 13, 1943, but the enemy was ahead of the attackers: before the signal for the attack, a powerful barrage of fire began from all types of weapons. His artillery and mortar fire was especially destructive. After this, the Nazis launched a counterattack. Our soldiers repulsed the attack, despite the losses. The offensive was postponed for a day to remove the dead and wounded.
On January 14, our fighters attacked enemy positions along the entire front. They had to climb up steep icy slopes, go straight into the enemy's machine-gun and mortar fire, which was so strong that not a single unit was successful. Having advanced 700 m along the entire front, the attackers left 800 dead lying in the snow.
It was very difficult for the orderlies who carried the wounded out from under fire. They were hampered by deep snow and small bushes on the slopes of the Shapka heights; they had to retreat and dig in. A few more days, soldiers of the 9th Mountain Rifle and the 31st Infantry Divisions conducted unsuccessful attacks the fortified heights of the enemy, showing miracles of courage and suffering losses.
On January 18, the forces of the 9th Guards Rifle Division were regrouped. The weather in the mountains had calmed down, the snowfall had stopped, and it was 20 degrees below zero. On the evening of January 19, the 1329th and 193rd mountain rifle regiments, clinging to the foot of the Lagonaki plateau, began a detour movement along two parallel routes along the azimuth to the rear of the enemy group defending on the Shapka and Zheltaya heights.
On the morning of January 20, 1943, the 1329th Mountain Rifle Regiment, without encountering any enemy on the way, captured X. Maznikovo, crossed Pshekha, establishing control over the valley. The roundabout march of the 193rd Mountain Rifle Regiment was less successful. On Bonderovsky Hill he was suddenly attacked by a battalion of German mountain rangers at night from the rear, and a fierce battle ensued, which more than once turned into hand-to-hand combat. By morning, part of the enemy was destroyed, and the other fled. The invaders had to urgently remove reinforcements from the dominant heights; the Germans transferred two of their battalions of mountain rangers to help those surrounded from Apsheronsk, but the 1329th Mountain Rifle Regiment set up an ambush for them and went on the attack.
Abandoning the wounded, the dead, equipment and heavy weapons, the Nazis retreated into the forest, scattering in small groups. At the same time, on the morning of January 20, the commander of the 36th Mountain Rifle Regiment, Colonel Markovets, after a volley of rocket-propelled mortars (Katyusha), led the regiment into an attack and immediately captured the key height of Shapka. Retreating, the invaders did not want to lose the heights they had captured and desperately continued to resist. It took the 36th Mountain Rifle Regiment another five days of stubborn fighting to cover 8 km from the village of Chernigovskoye to the village of Samurskaya.
On the left flank from the heights of Oplepen the enemy was knocked out by units of the 31st Infantry Division. On January 23, 1943, the village of Chernigovskoye was liberated, and a day later the 818th Infantry Regiment broke into the village of Samurskaya, liberating it from the Germans. Soon the fascists were expelled from the villages of Mezmay and Guamka, the villages of Temnolesskaya and Nizhny Novgorod, units of the 23rd border rifle regiment of the NKVD and the 33rd motorized rifle regiment of the internal troops of the NKVD.
On January 25, 1943, units of the 353rd Rifle Division, 68th Marine Rifle Brigade and others of the 18th Army captured Khadyzhensk. On January 26, units of the 31st SD and the 9th Guards Rifle Division of the 46th Army liberated the villages of Shirvanskaya, Neftyanaya and the village of Neftegorsk. The day of January 27 became memorable for the Absheron residents; the fascists were completely expelled from the territory of our region.
Witnesses of those events will forever remain grateful to the soldiers of the 31st Rifle Stalingrad Red Banner Order of Alexander Suvorov (2nd degree) and Bogdan Khmelnitsky (2nd degree) division of Colonel Bogdanovich and the 9th Mountain Rifle Red Banner Order of the Red Star named after. Supreme Council of the Georgian SSR division, Colonel Evstigneev. They liberated part of our region and part of Kuban from the Nazis . 31st SD together with the 9th Guards Rifle Division and with units of the 18th Army, it participated in the liberation of Krasnodar on February 12, 1943. In the spring and summer of 1943, the 9th Guards Rifle Division took part in the battles for the village of Krymskaya and in the spring of 1945 liberated the countries of Western Europe. The 31st Rifle Division fought its way to Berlin.
New numbering of division units was assigned on June 19, 1942.
95th Guards Rifle Regiment,
97th Guards Rifle Regiment,
99th Guards Rifle Regiment,
64th Guards Artillery Regiment,
36th Guards Separate Anti-Tank Fighter Division,
37 Guards Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battery (until April 25, 1943),
30th Guards Mortar Division (until 10/20/42),
33rd Guards Reconnaissance Company,
35th Guards Engineer Battalion,
43rd Guards Separate Signal Battalion,
401 (34) medical battalion,
32nd Guards Separate Chemical Defense Company,
580 (31) motor transport company,
551 (39) field bakery,
528 (30) divisional veterinary hospital,
654 field postal station,
767 field cash desk of the State Bank.
Combat period
24.5.42-22.4.44
28.5.44-9.5.45
The division was commanded by:
Eremin Petr Antonovich (08/26/1941 - 04/07/1942), colonel
Gudz Porfiry Martynovich (04/09/1942 - 09/24/1942), colonel
Naumov Alexander Fedorovich (09/25/1942 - 02/25/1943), major general
Shcherbina Ivan Kuzmich (02/26/1943 - 07/06/1944), colonel, from 11/17/1943 major general
Burmakov Ivan Dmitrievich (07/07/1944 - 05/09/1945), major general
As part of the 10th, 16th (from April 1943 - 11th Guards) armies, it participated in the Battle of Moscow, in offensive and defensive battles near Zhizdra and Kirov, in the Oryol, Belorussian, Gumbinnen and East Prussian offensive operations.
By June 1942, he marched, fought in the area of the city of Zhizdra and went on the defensive.
In February 1943, it began offensive battles near Zhizdra. After which he redeployed and on June 12, 1943 went on the offensive against Karachev in the Oryol direction, where he fought until September 6, 1943.
On November 7, 1943, she launched an attack on the city of Novosokolniki, the administrative center of the Novosokolnichesky district of the Kalinin (now Pskov) region.
By November 18, 1943, it was transferred by rail to the Velikiye Luki region. From November 20, 1943 to February 10, 1944, it fought in the direction of Vitebsk.
In March 1944, he fought in the Idritsa area.
In connection with the preparation of the Vitebsk operation, units of the formation quickly completed a 210-km march and then, after careful preparation, on June 23, 1944, entered the battle for Vitebsk. Having broken through the enemy defenses on June 23, 1944, units of the formation took the city of Vitebsk, for which they were awarded the gratitude of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, and the formation was given the honorary name “Vitebsk” (commander Major General I.K. Shcherbina). Continuing to develop the success achieved, smashing the retreating enemy, the guards immediately crossed the Berezina River and with a swift blow captured the city of Molodechno, further developing the offensive, immediately crossed the Neman River and captured the city of Alytus. For crossing the Neman near the city of Alytus, the division was awarded the Order of Suvorov, II degree (August 12, 1944).
On August 6, 1944, the unit was awarded the Order of the Red Banner for the capture of the city of Molodechno during the Vilnius operation.
By the end of October 17, 1944, the division reached the USSR-German state border west of the city of Vilkaviskis. In 13 days of fighting, the formation covered 335 km and liberated over 600 settlements, destroying thousands of German soldiers and officers. For battles in East Prussia on November 14, 1944 she was awarded the Order of Lenin.
In March 1945, the division crossed the Pregel River and by March 30, 1945 reached the suburbs of the city of Königsberg.
In April 1945, during the defeat of the Koenigsberg group of fascist German troops, the 11th Guards Army attacked Koenigsberg from the south. The 16th Guards Rifle Corps, which included the 31st Guards Rifle Division, received the task: advancing in the direction of the main attack of the army, to break through the enemy’s defenses in the Neuforwerk sector, the intersection of the highway and the railway 600 meters west of Big Karshau, to capture the line garden 200 meters south of the barracks, northern outskirts of Prappeln; subsequently, developing the offensive, capture the Ponart area and by the end of the day reach the northern bank of the Beek River. At 9 o'clock on April 6, 1945, artillery preparation began, which lasted up to 12 hours. . At 11:55 a.m., rifle units, following a signal from the division commander, launched an attack. When approaching the front edge at 100-150 meters, our artillery transferred fire into the depths of the enemy’s defense. At 12 o'clock, the first echelon rifle battalions, interacting with self-propelled artillery units, unanimously attacked the enemy and by 12:30 o'clock they had completely captured the first trench. The assault groups of the 1st battalion of the 99th Guards Regiment, building on their success, quickly burst into an unnamed village north of Upper Karshau and began to clear it of the enemy groups that had survived there. The battles for individual buildings were fierce. Our assault groups had to knock out windows and doors of houses with anti-tank grenades and then fight for the rooms and corridors inside the building.
Units of the 3rd battalion of the same regiment, rapidly moving forward, reached the northern outskirts of the nameless village and, in cooperation with the 1st battalion, completed the defeat of the enemy in this area. After a stubborn battle for the village, the 99th Guards Regiment began to advance towards the east of the garden.
The 95th Guards Regiment, having captured the first trench and part of the forces, blocking the bunker at mark 20.3, the remaining forces, under the cover of artillery and mortar fire, continued the offensive in the direction of the garden south of Ponart.
The 97th Guards Regiment, destroying the surviving enemy groups, moved forward in battle.
By 13:30, units of the division reached the second trench of the enemy’s first defense position. At 14:50 the division's artillery and part of the corps' artillery group began a fire attack on the trenches and enemy positions in the Ponart area, which lasted 10-15 minutes. During this time, the infantry, moving escort guns on their hands, came close to the second trench and went on the attack. The 99th and 97th Guards regiments burst into the second trench, into the garden south of Ponart and into the north-eastern part of Prappeln, conducting a fierce fire battle with stubbornly resisting enemy units. The 95th Guards Regiment, having no success in advancing, fought a fire battle with the enemy, who occupied a trench southwest of the garden. With organized artillery and small arms fire, units of the 99th Guards Regiment inflicted heavy losses on the enemy in manpower and, having disrupted their battle formation, they themselves resumed the attack, throwing the battered battalion to the north. Developing the offensive, the 99th Guards Regiment captured the eastern part of the garden south of Ponart and by 16 o'clock began a battle for the second enemy position. By this time, the 95th Guards Regiment had also broken enemy resistance and, moving forward, fought for the second position on the right flank. Thus, between 15 and 16 hours the division completed its immediate task and continued to fight for the second position, which included the powerful defense center of Ponart. By 4 p.m., the artillery of the regimental groups and part of the divisional artillery group occupied new firing positions, closer to the battle formations of the advanced infantry units. At 19 o'clock, after a 10-minute fire raid by the artillery of the corps and division, units of the 99th Guards Regiment, with the support of self-propelled artillery units, began an attack on the block, broke into it and, successfully moving forward, completely captured it by 20 o'clock , creating a threat of encirclement of the enemy, who had fortified himself in the barracks. During the first day of the offensive, parts of the division moved forward and penetrated the enemy’s second defense position. During the day of the battle, the enemy suffered heavy losses in manpower and military equipment, and 258 soldiers and officers were captured. Trophies: 18 guns, about 40 machine guns, 200 rifles, 25 thousand shells, 500 thousand cartridges, two warehouses with fuel and lubricants and one warehouse with food. On the evening of April 6, the commander of the 31st Guards Division received orders from the corps commander to continue the offensive at night with the task of destroying the enemy on the left bank of the Beek River, crossing it and capturing a bridgehead on the right bank. With the onset of darkness, assault groups began to operate in the bands of rifle regiments with the task of blocking and destroying fortified buildings. Having overcome the barriers, the assault groups immediately entered into battle with the enemy, who occupied the brewery and the adjacent block prepared for defense. By 7 o'clock on April 7, 1945, seven neighborhoods had been cleared of the enemy.
At dawn on April 7, the commander of the 31st Guards Rifle Division decided to continue the offensive, with the immediate task of capturing the area of the passenger station, Nasser Garten, and by the end of the day reaching the Pregel River in the area between two railway bridges. Before reaching the Beek River, the division advanced with all three regiments in the first echelon, which advanced in a battle formation of two echelons. With access to the Beek River, the battle order of the DIVISION was built in two echelons, in the first - the 99th and 95th Guards Regiments attacked, in the second - the 97th Guards Regiment.
At 9 o'clock artillery preparation began. Our bombers in large groups carried out three successive attacks on enemy resistance centers.
Using air strikes, artillery fire and mortars, the rifle units of the 31st Guards Division launched an attack at 9:30 a.m. and by 10 a.m., after a short battle, had completely cleared Ponart. Units of the division reached the left bank of the Beek River and, in some sections, used assault bridges built by sappers to cross it on the move. Having captured the enemy trench on the right bank, they gained a foothold. Part of the units of the 97th Guards Regiment crossed the river northeast of Ponart. Units of the division continued to persistently move forward and by 15 o'clock, having captured the railway tracks southeast of Nasser Garten, they began a battle for the station. From 3 p.m., the 95th and 97th Guards Regiments, having pulled up escort guns to the advanced infantry units, began shelling the station with them. After a short artillery and mortar attack from indirect firing positions, the 95th Guards Regiment from the southeast and east and the 97th Guards Regiment from the south attacked the station. Using small arms fire and flamethrowers, units of the regiments quickly cleared its territory of the Nazis. . At 21:30, units of the 31st Guards Division, after a ten-minute fire raid, in cooperation with units of the 11th Guards Division, attacked the enemy in the third position. During the night of April 8, division units fought for the third enemy defense position. ENTERING the zone of the 11th Guards Division, the 3rd battalion of the 95th Guards Infantry Division quickly advanced to the north and immediately attacked the enemy defending the railway bridge across the Pregel River one kilometer north of Nasser Garten. Having captured the bridge, the fighters crossed to the northern bank of the Pregel River to the area of the platform 1.2 kilometers north of Nasser Garten and by 7 o’clock on April 8, they secured a foothold there. Using the success of the 3rd battalion, the remaining troops of the 95th Guards Regiment and the 97th Guards Regiment in full force reached the river at 7 o'clock on April 8 and began crossing. By 6 o'clock on April 8, assault groups and rifle units of the 99th Guards Regiment were fighting stubbornly in the southeastern part of the freight station. The commander of the 31st Guards Division ordered the 99th and 97th Guards Regiments to advance east along the southern bank of the Pregel River and capture six blocks of the city, the 95th Guards Regiment to the east along the northern bank of the same river. The regiments began to carry out the task only at 13:00 on April 8. By the end of the day, the 97th and 99th regiments defeated the enemy and reached the Pregel shore south of the island. The 95th Regiment, cooperating with the 11th Guards Rifle Division, advanced along the northern bank of the river during April 8th and by the end of the day began a battle in the area of the railway bridge.
The commander of the 31st Guards Division ordered the 99th and 97th Guards Regiments to cross Pregel near the island on the night of April 9. The designated site was located in the offensive zone of the 1st Guards DIVISION, which at that time was fighting stubborn battles south of the plant. To ensure the crossing, the division's seven boats and available materials were delivered. The concentration and approach of regimental units to the crossing points were covered by the entire division's artillery. At 2 o'clock on April 9, under the cover of artillery and mortar fire, the advanced units of the 97th and 99th Guards Regiments were transported to the island on one ferry of boats and two rafts. These units managed to capture a small section of the right bank of the river and ensure the transfer of the remaining units of the 97th and 99th Guards Regiments and artillery units from it to the island.
The units of the 97th and 99th regiments that crossed, boldly infiltrating through courtyards and alleys, soon cleared the island of the enemy and reached the Neuer Pregel River. On the morning of April 9, units of the 1st Guards Rifle Division reached the left bank and, under the cover of units of the 31st Guards Division, began crossing to the island. Units of the 1st Guards Division replaced units of the 31st Guards Rifle Division. The 97th and 99th Guards Regiments were withdrawn to the left bank of the Pregel and received the task of crossing the 11th Guards Division to move to the right bank of the river, enter their lane and, together with the 95th Guards Regiment, defeat the enemy at bridge, and then develop an offensive in the direction of the central part of the city.
During April 9, units of the 31st Guards Division were completely transported to the northern bank of the Pregel and by the end of the day they were fighting in the center of the city. By the end of April 9, the enemy capitulated, Koenigsberg fell and hostilities along the entire front ceased. During the battles for Koenigsberg, units of the division captured 10,856 soldiers and 430 officers and captured: 316 vehicles, 149 guns of various calibers, 60 mortars, 892 machine guns, 18,000 rifles, steam locomotives - 207, wagons - 1327.
For the successful completion of the combat mission during the assault on the Koenigsberg fortress, the 97th Guards Rifle Regiment was awarded the Order of Kutuzov, 3rd degree, and the 99th Guards Rifle Regiment was awarded the Order of Suvorov, 3rd degree.
On April 25, 1945, the division captured the city of Pillau.
On April 26, 1945, the 31st Guards Rifle Division, having crossed the Frische-Huff Strait, captured a bridgehead and a fortress in the northwestern region of the Frische-Nerung Spit. This made it possible in the morning to organize the crossing of military equipment across the strait and begin construction of the pontoon bridge, which was ready by the morning of April 27. Having occupied the northern coast of the Frische-Nerung Spit by the morning of April 26, units of the 31st, 8th and 5th Guards Divisions drove the enemy out of the fortifications. The Frische-Nerung spit, separating the sea from the Frisches Huff Bay, is about 60 km long, the width along its entire length changes quite often and ranges from 300 m to 2 km. Using the terrain favorable for defense, the Nazi command created a fairly dense group of troops on the spit and organized a deep defense, supported by fire of all types. The spit was defended by the 83rd, 58th, 50th, 14th and 28th infantry divisions, numerous units for various purposes, individual battalions and up to 15 tanks and assault guns. They were supported by up to 30 batteries of field and coastal artillery, 12 batteries of anti-aircraft artillery, used to fire at ground targets. Breaking the stubborn resistance of the enemy, the guards divisions of the 16th Guards Rifle Corps reached the edge of the clearing northwest of Brandheischer. At the turn of height 15.1 - Brandheischer, formations of the 16th Guards Rifle Corps were replaced on May 1, 1945 by units of the 48th Army. After this, the 31st Guards Infantry Division was ordered to concentrate in the Pillau-Neytif area. This was the end of the fighting for the 31st Guards Infantry Division. For distinction in battles during the Great Patriotic War, over 14.5 thousand of its soldiers were awarded orders and medals, 11 were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Memory.
In secondary school No. 228 of the Central Administrative District of Moscow, a museum of Military Glory of the 31st Guards Rifle Division was created.
The school Museum of Military Glory houses the banner of the 31st Guards Division, personal belongings of veterans, orders, medals, and fragments of weapons found by the search group. The stands display the division's combat path: "The Path to the Guard", "Arc of Fire", "Winter Battles of 1943-44", "Operation Bagration", "East Prussian Operation", "97th Guards Rifle Regiment", "84 1st Guards Rifle Regiment", "91st Guards Rifle Regiment", "99th Guards Rifle Regiment", "Division Veterans", "Division Command Staff", "Medsanbat", "Post-War Meetings", "Heroes of the Soviet Union Division "
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