Administrative-territorial unit of Russia (from 1727 to 1927) with its center in the city of Novgorod.
The Novgorod province was located in the European part of Russia and bordered in the north with the and provinces, in the east with the and provinces, in the south with the and provinces, and in the west with the and provinces.
History of the formation of the Novgorod province
In 1727, the Novgorod province was separated from the St. Petersburg province and consisted of 5 provinces:
- Belozerskaya (Belozersky, Kargopolsky, Ustyuzhensky and Charondsky districts)
- Velikolutskaya (Velikolutsky, Toropetsk and Kholm districts)
- Novgorodskaya (Novgorod, Novoladozhsky, Olonetsky, Porkhovsky, Staraya Ladoga and Starorussky districts)
- Pskovskaya (Gdovsky, Zavolochsky, Izborsky, Ostrovsky, Pustorzhevsky and Pskov districts)
- Tverskaya (Zubtsovsky, Rzhevsky, Tverskoy, Novotorzhsky and Staritsky districts)
In 1770, Staraya Ladoga and Charonda districts were abolished.
In 1772 (after the first partition of Poland, from the newly annexed lands) the Pskov province was created (the center of the province was the city of Opochka), 2 provinces of the Novgorod province were included in it - Velikolutsk and Pskov (except for the Gdov district, transferred to the Novgorod province).
In 1773, by decree of Catherine II, the Olonets province was created (consisting of two counties and one district). In the same year, Valdai, Borovichi and Tikhvin districts of the Novgorod province and Ostashkovsky district of the Tver province were formed.
In 1775, a separate Tver governorship was created, which included the Tver province and the Vyshnevolotsk district of the Novgorod province. In the same year, the division into provinces was abolished; all districts came directly under provincial subordination.
In 1776, the Pskov province was reformed (from the Pskov and Velikolutsk provinces of the old Pskov province and the Porkhov and Gdov districts of the Novgorod province), the Novgorod governorate was created (from parts of the old Novgorod province, it was divided into 2 regions - Novgorod (Belozersky, Borovichsky, Valdai, Kirillovsky, Krestetsky, Novgorodsky, Novoladozhsky, Starorussky, Tikhvinsky and Ustyuzhensky districts) and Olonetskaya (Vytegorsky, Kargopolsky, Olonetsky, Padansky and Petrozavodsk districts)).
In 1777, a small part of the Novgorod province was allocated to the Yaroslavl governorship. Cherepovets district was formed.
In 1781, the Olonets region and Novoladozhsky district were transferred from the Novgorod governorship to the St. Petersburg province. The division of governorships into regions has been abolished.
By decree of Paul I of December 12, 1796, the Olonets province was abolished, part of its territory was returned to the Novgorod province, in addition, a new division of the Novgorod province into counties was established, and the number of counties was reduced (Belozersky, Borovichsky, Valdai, Vytegorsky, Kargopolsky remained , Olonetsky, Novgorod, Petrozavodsk, Starorussky, Tikhvin and Ustyuzhensky districts), some district towns were transferred to supernumerary ones.
By decree of Alexander I of September 9, 1801, the Olonets province was restored within its old borders (until December 1796). Vytegorsky, Kargopolsky, Olonetsky and Petrozavodsk districts were transferred to it.
In 1802, Kirillovsky, Krestetsky and Cherepovets districts were formed.
In 1824, in connection with the formation of districts of military settlements in the Novgorod province, the Starorussky district was abolished. At the same time, Demyansky district was formed.
In 1859, the Starorussky district was recreated in connection with the liquidation of military settlements.
From 1859 to 1918 included Novgorod province included 11 counties, which included 127 volosts.
| № | County | County town | Area, verst | Population (1897), people |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Belozersky | Belozersk (5,015 people) | 13 057,7 | 86 906 |
| 2 | Borovichsky | Borovichi (9,431 people) | 9 045,2 | 146 368 |
| 3 | Valdai | Valdai (2,907 people) | 5 772,7 | 95 251 |
| 4 | Demyansky | Demyansk (1,648 people) | 4 322,9 | 79 791 |
| 5 | Kirillovsky | Kirillov (4,306 people) | 12 171,7 | 120 004 |
| 6 | Krestetsky | Sacrum (2,596 people) | 7 878,2 | 104 389 |
| 7 | Novgorod | Novgorod (25,736 people) | 8 803,4 | 185 757 |
| 8 | Old Russian | Staraya Russa (15,183 people) | 8 379,5 | 191 957 |
| 9 | Tikhvinsky | Tikhvin (6,589 people) | 16 169,3 | 99 367 |
| 10 | Ustyug | Ustyuzhna (5,111 people) | 11 317,1 | 99 737 |
| 11 | Cherepovetsky | Cherepovets (6,948 people) | 7 245,7 | 157 495 |
The Democratic Congress of Soviets (May 10-13, 1918), at the request of the northern districts of the province, positively resolved the issue of separating Tikhvin, Ustyuzhensky, Cherepovets, Kirillovsky and Belozersky districts into the Cherepovets province.
Since April 1918, eight northwestern provinces - Petrograd, Novgorod, Pskov, Olonetsk, Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Cherepovets and Severodvinsk - were united into the Union of Communes of the Northern Region, which ceased to exist in 1919. Belozersky, Kirillovsky, Tikhvinsky, Ustyuzhensky and Cherepovets districts were transferred to the new Cherepovets province.
On June 7, 1918, by resolution of the Novgorod provincial executive committee, Bologovsky district was formed by allocating to it part of the volosts of Valdai district. In the same year, Malovishersky district was created. Already in 1919, the central authorities abolished the Bologovsky district.
In 1921 it became part of the North-Western Region (the region was abolished on January 1, 1927).
In 1922, Krestetsky district was abolished.
In 1924, in accordance with the Regulations of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on the consolidation of volosts in the Novgorod province, out of 133 volosts, 65 were formed (with 15 thousand people in each).
On August 1, 1927, the Novgorod province was abolished. It became part of the Leningrad region as the Novgorod and Borovichi districts.
Additional materials on the Novgorod province
- Plans for general land surveying of the counties of the Novgorod province
Borovichevsky district 1 mile - Valdai district 1 mile - Kirillovsky district 1 mile -
War with Germany was declared on July 19, 1914. Mobilization began. Already on July 20-25, a large group of “reserves and warriors of the State Militia” was called up. Thus, 49 people were mobilized from the Vognemsky volost alone. Their names and date of conscription are known from the “Report on the activities of the Board of Trustees of the Vognemsky parish of the Church of the Nativity of the Mother of God” 1. Attached to the report is a “Statement on persons called up from the reserves or the State militia into the ranks of the troops, on benefits provided to families by the Board of Trustees.” The statement contains not only the names of soldiers called up to the front, but also provides information about the composition of their families, the amount of financial assistance to families both from the state and from the Board of Trustees. State financial assistance to the family of “lower ranks of the reserve and militia warriors” was given on the basis of the law of July 25, 1912. The state allowance was used by the wife and children of the conscript, as well as by the father, mother, grandfather, grandmother, brothers and sisters, if they were supported by his labor before the war. The amount of benefit per family member was determined based on the cost of a food ration, consisting of 1 pound of 28 pounds of flour, 10 pounds of cereal, 4 pounds of salt, 1 pound of vegetable oil 2. Children under five years of age received half the cost of the ration, and sons and unmarried daughters who had reached 17 years of age had to prove their incapacity for work. Based on Article 80 of the same law, heads of institutions were given the right to retain the salary or part of it, depending on the composition of the family or special family circumstances, to employees of institutions (officials, teachers, doctors, etc.) called up from the reserves for military service. This benefit was extended to many Kirillov teachers, doctors, and paramedics. During the 1914/1915 school year, 26 Kirillov teachers were mobilized from the reserves into the army, and all of them retained “full support”, and the persons replacing them received salaries from special amounts allocated by the Ministry of Public Education 3.
According to the law, cash benefits were assigned from the moment a mobilized person was sent to the front, but in fact the first payment was made only after an examination of the family composition. The latter circumstance greatly delayed the start of the issuance of benefits, especially to families living in remote villages. The issuance of cash benefits was carried out in rural areas in the volost boards, in the city - in the city government. According to this law, benefits were assigned to all those called up in the Vognemsky volost. Depending on the composition of their families, they received from 95 to 20 rubles per month 4. One of the first volunteers of the Kirillovsky district, Ilya Yakovlevich Korsakov, a retired reserve, showed up in this volost. At home he left his 38-year-old wife and three children: Maria (4 months), Nikolai (4 years) and Alexander (8 years) 5.
On July 29, a special meeting was held in the city of Kirillov, which was attended by representatives of all government bodies of the Kirillov district. After an exchange of views on the events unfolding in Europe that caused the war with Germany, the meeting decided to ask the district zemstvo assembly: 1) to initiate a petition for the collection of all outstanding loans from the peasants who went to war; 2) instruct the zemstvo government to appeal to village assemblies for help to the families of reserves in harvesting grain and sowing; 3) open a loan of 1,000 rubles to the council for issuing, in especially respectful cases, loans to the families of reserve workers for sowing work; 4) employees of the Kirillovsky district zemstvo, called up for active service, shall be considered in the service of the district zemstvo, retaining half the salary for the family 6.
On August 2, a patriotic demonstration took place in Kirillov. It was attended by city residents, peasants, clergy, and mobilized soldiers. The prayer service took place in front of the military commander's building in the central square of the city. During the prayer service, a group of mobilized soldiers attacked the police and senior policeman Dektyarev. In the crowd of soldiers, calls began to be heard to go and destroy the merchants’ shops. Bishop Kirillovsky addressed the soldiers with a soothing speech, but this did not help. Mounted guards under the command of police chief Khabakov surrounded the crowd. Shots rang out. The square quickly emptied. Two dead people were left lying on it. One peasant was injured. Information about events in the city quickly spread throughout the county. Cases of pogroms of wine shops were also noted in remote volosts of Kirillovsky district 7.
In local history literature, these events were assessed as a “failure of a patriotic manifestation” 8, which implied hidden resistance to mobilization into the tsarist army. However, the involvement of other sources allows us to obtain a more diverse picture of mobilization in the county. The priest of the Assumption Pushtor Church, Andrei Sapozhkov, describes the calm, solemn departure of 13 mobilized from his parish. At the appointed time, everyone gathered, a memorial service was served for the fallen soldiers, a prayer service was served for the granting of victory, each warrior was sprinkled with holy water and blessed with images of the Guardian Angel and St. St. George the Victorious. After the service, donations were collected in the amount of 22 rubles 67 kopecks for “devices of various kinds of charitable and educational diocesan institutions” 9. Documents from the Kirillovsky Theological School report facts of “escaping to the front” of Kirillov seminarians.
On August 17, 1914, a meeting of the Kirillovsky Extraordinary District Zemstvo Assembly took place. The deputies warmly supported all government measures related to the start of the war, and decided to allocate 100 rubles monthly for “the maintenance of one bed in the Novgorod stage hospital for the entire duration of the war.” The Novgorod stage hospital was equipped with 50 beds and was preparing to be sent to the theater of military operations. The meeting also decided to support the initiative of the five northern districts of the Novgorod province to jointly establish and maintain a “hospital in Cherepovets for sick and wounded soldiers,” allocating 5 thousand rubles for this purpose 10. In addition, the meeting decided to study the issue of “organizing the procurement of knitted sweatshirts, underpants and gloves by artisans for the needs of the active army.” Having heard the statement of K. P. Romashko and A. M. Tyutryumov about the beneficial effect on the population of the cessation of trade in alcoholic beverages during the mobilization, the meeting decided: “to petition for the prohibition in the Kirillovsky district of trade in alcoholic beverages and beer, with the exception of grape wines, until the end war."
The city of Kirillov was far from the front and the main flows of refugees and the evacuation of the wounded, but the difficulties of wartime also affected it. As the front line approached Novgorod, the provincial and diocesan authorities published an order to prepare a number of monasteries to receive refugees and the wounded.
The Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery has always been actively involved in charitable activities, especially during the period of hostilities. Thus, during the Patriotic War of 1812, the monastery donated more than a pound of silver utensils to the state militia. 11. Ordinary monks, archimandrites and bishops of Kirillov sought to contribute to strengthening the Russian army, providing assistance to refugees, and constructing and repairing monuments. In 1903, Archimandrite Theodosius donated 45 rubles for the restoration of monuments to the Sevastopol defense 12. During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, the monastery donated 300 rubles “for the sanitary needs of the active army in the Far East,” and the abbot and brethren of the monastery allocated more than 400 rubles from their own funds for the army 13.
The monastery's charitable activities were especially evident during the First World War. Already in September 1914, the Novgorod diocesan committee “for the establishment and maintenance of the monastery infirmary at the Yuriev Monastery” received donations: from Bishop Ioaniky of Kirillovsky (he was the suffragan bishop of the Novgorod diocese and at the same time was the archimandrite of the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery) “from personal funds” - 200 rubles, from monastic funds - 200 rubles, from Kirillov monks - 200 rubles 14. In the subsequent war years, the Novgorod diocesan committee received almost monthly sums of money from the bishop and ordinary brethren “for the infirmary and for sending to the active army.” So, for December 1915, 25 rubles were received from Bishop Ioaniky, from the brethren - 17 rubles 43 kopecks, from the monastery funds - 25 rubles 34 kopecks 15. In 1915-1916, the monastery equipped rooms for 15 people in the monastery hotel to receive refugees from the western regions 16. One of the monastery buildings housed an infirmary. In official documents it is most often called a “boarding school” for sick and wounded soldiers. The patronage was opened on September 8, 1915 on the initiative of Bishop Ioaniky. The bishop ordered to prepare for him the building of the former educational building of the Kirillovsky Theological School, known from other documents as the “archive” (currently this building is used as a residential building for the monks of the monastery, which was reopened in 1997). The necessary repairs were made to the building and the appropriate equipment was prepared. The surviving documents allow us to detail the expenses incurred. Carpenter Vassian Maksimov was paid 45 rubles for laying new floors at the Old School and Hospital for Wounded Warriors for 60 days of work. Kirill Petrov received 3 rubles 85 kopecks for painting these floors 17, and Kirillov carpenter Valery Vorontsov for making 10 beds and five tables for the hospital - 15 rubles 18. The monastery took upon itself the maintenance of patronage. For this purpose, 1,600 rubles were allocated annually from monastic and monastic funds. Additionally, money came from members of the local Red Cross branch. Medicines for the hospital were provided free of charge. The decision on this was made at a meeting of the Zemstvo Assembly on November 12, 1915 19.
Supervision over the general state of affairs and financing of the patronage was carried out by the Bishop of Kirillovsky, and after he was transferred to the department of the Bishop of Olonetsky and Petrozavodsk, by the new rector. The chairman of the local branch of the Red Cross, caretaker (director) of the Kirillov Theological School, Alexander Alexandrovich Ramensky, also helped the monastery authorities. All current affairs of the patronage were directly managed by a special committee created in the city of Kirillov. Its members included: a representative of the local branch of the Red Cross, forester A. A. Kupriyanov (chairman), a representative from the monastery, Hieromonk Nikandr (from May In 1916, he was replaced by Hieromonk Misail), a representative from the donors O. N. Karulichev. Hieromonk Nikandr (in the world Nikolai Ivanovich Karpov, from the town of Vologda, treasurer of the monastery) was not only a member of the committee, but “fulfilled the priest’s requirement” in the patronage 20, i.e., he was actually the priest of the hospital. Patronage duty was carried out by a special Ladies' Committee. Among its most active members were E. P. Gubler, M. A. Sveshnikova, A. N. Olfereva, E. G. Valkova, A. K. Tserkovnitskaya, T. A. Kopeikina. Medical assistance to sick and wounded soldiers was provided by the city doctor Joachim Yakovlevich Nodelman. All these people worked in the patronage for free. The brethren of the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery also provided all possible assistance to the patronage and to everyone undergoing treatment there.
The sources at our disposal do not allow us to name the exact number of those cured at the Kirillovsky Hospital. It is known that throughout 1916 there were on average about 20 people there. By January 1, 1917, 8 people remained, since many recovered and left Kirillov, and no new wounded were received. The museum's collections contain a group photograph that dates back to mid-1916. It depicts a large group of military men (21 people) together with representatives of the Ladies' Committee, the local branch of the Red Cross, sisters of mercy, monastics and the commanding staff of the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery.
In addition to maintaining patronage, monastic authorities and ordinary monks made many donations for other needs during the war years. Thus, annually the monastery deducted 2 percent of all its income in favor of sick and wounded soldiers, transferring them to Novgorod. Bishop Ioaniky donated 275 rubles from his own funds for these purposes. The brethren of the monastery transferred 25 rubles to the Kirillovsky district committee for the Care of Refugees. In addition, in the event of a large evacuation from the front-line territories, places were prepared in the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery to accommodate refugees, including a monastery hotel with 30 beds, and part of the monastic cells for refugee monks with 10 beds. The Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery was ready to accept not only refugees, but could also shelter valuables from churches and monasteries in the western districts of the Novgorod province. From the order of the Novgorod Consistory of October 19, 1917 21It is known “that the churches of John Climacus with an altar, John the Baptist, Sergius of Radonezh with storerooms, Archangel Gabriel with a sacristy, the sacristy above the Church of Cyril” were planned to be occupied for the placement of valuables evacuated from Novgorod (icons, frames, church utensils, etc.). ). Evacuation was planned in the summer along the Mariinsky water system, in the winter - by rail. In the latter case, the abbot of the Nilo-Sora Hermitage and the abbess of the Goritsky and Ferapontov convents were asked to provide Novgorod with information about the number of carts that they could deploy to the nearest railway station for transporting valuables. However, in practice, these measures were not required. But the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery was still used as an evacuation base: in 1917, part of the State Archives taken from Petrograd was stored there.
Other monasteries, as well as the white clergy of Kirillovsky district, also provided assistance to wounded and sick soldiers and refugees. The Goritsky Convent donated 120 rubles for the construction of an infirmary in the Yuryev Monastery. 22. In 1916, the sisters provided housing for refugees for two families “in a monastery house outside the monastery wall.” Moreover, one half of the house was intended for the family of the priest of the Kamenets-Podolsk diocese of the Litinsky district, Father Kopylov. The Nilo-Sora men's hermitage also allocated a large house for refugees, in which six families and three single people could live at the same time 23. In September 1914, this desert provided financial assistance in the amount of 25 rubles to the families of military personnel. The Abbess of the Ferapontov Monastery Seraphim allocated from her funds
1 ruble 20 kopecks for the same purposes 24.
The priests of the parish churches of Kirillovsky district, parishioners, and school students also provided all possible assistance to the front. Upon arrival -
Boards of trustees were created in the Russian churches. They regularly collected funds to help soldiers and their families. The report of the priest of the Ramenskaya Church, Dmitry Lesnitsky, states that the council was created in August 1914. In the first months of the war, his activities were aimed at collecting monetary and clothing donations and providing assistance to the families of soldiers who went to the front. In the first days of the war, 6.5 rubles were collected in the parish. With this money we bought 6.5 pounds of rye and distributed it to the poorest families. In October-December, the council received 65 yards of canvas, 85 tobacco pouches, 5 towels, 5 shirts, 2 scarves. At the suggestion of the Board of Trustees, some fellow villagers provided assistance to the soldiers' families with free labor: they plowed, mowed, reaped, and prepared firewood. For providing such assistance to the council, gratitude was expressed from soldiers Nikolai Ilyich Kochin and Dmitry Pavlovich Savichev 25.
Information about monetary and clothing assistance was also entered into the “List of cash and clothing receipts of the Novgorod Diocesan Committee.” Lists of donors indicating specific amounts or material receipts were regularly published on the pages of the Novgorod Diocesan Gazette.
Priest Nikolai Ozerov and teacher Klavdiya Rakova informed readers of the Novgorod Diocesan Gazette that in the Kirillov City Zemstvo School, girls “sew pouches for soldiers, and boys fill them with tobacco and candy from their meager means, while depriving themselves of the pleasure of eating a lamb (kalachik) , candy and even an extra cup of tea, saving a piece of sugar in order to allocate something from this saving for a soldier who went to war... 26" In the same box They wrote in their response that on November 24, 1914, a little girl Katya, 6-7 years old, came to school and gave the teacher a small tobacco pouch, saying that it was “a gift from her to a soldier for the war.” Then Katya added: for her angel’s day, she donates (for the soldiers) one penny given by her dad, three lumps of sugar that she left from tea today and three “sweets” that she received from her mother 27.
The charitable activities of the residents of Kirillovsky district were noticed and appreciated. The priest of the Volokhov Church, Ioann Fadeev, received gratitude “for the donations delivered in favor of the soldiers - defenders of the Motherland” from the “Committee of the Warehouse of Her Majesty Empress Alexandra Feodorovna” 28.
Gifts and donations supported the soldiers in difficult times. Senior non-commissioned officer Ivan Ivanovich Filippov writes well about this in his letter addressed to the priest of the Elias Church Sergei Tretinsky. He expresses gratitude on behalf of himself and his colleagues for “not forgetting us in a distant land, where the peaceful prosperity of life is disrupted by the arrival of daring enemies, where only the crack of exploding grenades and the whistling of bullets can be heard... I hope that the German will be a strong and treacherous enemy broken... and the time will come when the guns will fall silent and grenades with their terrible power will not dig out planted holes, and the white cover of snow will not be stained with the blood of our brothers 29...". It should be noted, however, that the enthusiasm characteristic of the initial period of the war gradually began to fade, and the number of monetary donations and clothing collections decreased from year to year. The main reason for this was the impoverishment of the bulk of the peasant population. Priest D. Lesnitsky indicated in a report on the work of the Board of Trustees that “it is difficult to collect donations. Families are impoverished, everyone thinks only about how to feed their family and livestock. Prices are rising. The population sells livestock. The able-bodied population went to the front or to work in other provinces..." 30.
During the war years, over 18 thousand prisoners were stationed on the territory of the Novgorod province 31. The first prisoners in Novgorod appeared, apparently, after the grandiose offensive of the Russian army in Galicia in August 1914. The first batch of prisoners of 400 people arrived in Kirillovsky district on October 29 32. They decided to use the captured Austrians for work on the reconstruction of the Mariinsky water system (construction of a dig in the Ivanobor rapids). For them, on the banks of the Sheksna River in the town of Ivanov Bor, five barracks were built, each 15 fathoms long. An office to manage the work and a bathhouse for prisoners of war were also built there. The entire site was surrounded by a fence, and guards were appointed to supervise the prisoners of war. Local residents came out to look at the “terrible guests.” Of particular interest was the Austrian military uniform, especially leather boots with horseshoes, black windings and gray trousers with buttons along the side seam. Local residents compared the Austrian uniform with the Russian one and decided that the latter was more convenient. However, the Austrians, having received Russian leather boots for work, wore them with pleasure. The captured Austrians were treated to tobacco, bread, and pretzels. At the meeting, “there was no noticeable hostility on either side” 33. The district authorities took upon themselves the responsibility for providing medical care to prisoners of war. During 1915, the hospital in Kirillov received 135 patients from among prisoners of war. They spent 3,288 days in hospital beds; government costs for the treatment of prisoners amounted to about 3.5 thousand rubles. 34.
In October 1915, in Ivanovo Bor, a party of 180 German prisoners was added to the Austrians 35. As the local newspaper wrote, when the local residents met the Germans, “some kind of tension was felt... So here they are - these monsters, these animals, rapists and murderers...”. None of the local residents offered tobacco to the prisoners, and “compassion, which is very characteristic of Russian women,” was not noticeable. 36.
The labor of prisoners of war was also used in the reconstruction of the Duke A. Württemberg canal (currently the North Dvina water system). To transport a large number of mobilized and military cargo, it was necessary to increase the throughput of the system and adapt it for the passage of ships of a similar type to the Mariinsky system. To do this, it was necessary to deepen and widen the channels and navigation, and increase the size of the lock chambers. Up to 800 horses and up to 10,000 workers were used for these works. Some of them were prisoners of war. Taking into account their “significant presence, as well as for the enhanced protection of locks in wartime,” engineer N. Poryvkin developed “Instructions for soldiers when guarding locks on the Duke of Württemberg system,” which ordered the strictest supervision of the work of prisoners of war, and, in necessary cases, the use of weapons 37.
Work on the reconstruction of the canal continued until the end of 1918. The revolutionary events of 1917, the Civil War, and food problems that began in the country also affected the situation of prisoners of war. So, in May 1917, the Committee of Servants and Workers of the Toporninsky Canal (that was the name of part of the system of Duke A. of Württemberg) decided to confiscate tobacco imported for sale to prisoners of war 38. A year later, the county government lifted the previously adopted restrictions and restored the acceptance of “light parcels addressed to our prisoners of war.” 39.
The protracted war required the mobilization of all resources, the emergence of new laws and regulations that strictly regulated all aspects of the life of the population. In 1915, a mandatory decree was published, signed by the Novgorod governor, “prohibiting the manufacture of any intoxicating drinks from denatured alcohol, cologne, polish and other alcohol-containing substances.” Those found guilty of this were subject to imprisonment for 3 months or a fine of up to 3 thousand rubles. 40. The Congress of Deputies from the Clergy and Representatives of Church Wardens of the 3rd District of Kirillovsky District actively supported these measures and expressed a wish to stop the sale of alcoholic beverages forever 41. The Chief Prosecutor of the Synod reported this decision to the Tsar. On this fact, the king imposed a resolution: “I sincerely thank you.” 42. The peasants of the Tiginsky volost, according to information from priest Alexei Udalov, at the beginning of 1914 decided to give the old school building not as a “breech”, as proposed, but as a “vocational school for boys and girls” 43. Six months later, in the center of the volost - the village of Tigino - “a local merchant built a new building for a wine shop, but the peasants, having gathered at a gathering, drew up a verdict to close the wine shop in their settlement forever.” On August 19, this verdict was sent to the zemstvo chief. Instead of a “kazenka”, the Tiginsky Temperance Society decided to open a “temperance society teahouse with the sale of books” in the village. The petition of the Tigin peasants from the district was forwarded to the diocesan Temperance Brotherhood 44.
In the Novgorod province, it was prohibited to “buy up food supplies, uniforms, weapons, and linen from military ranks.” Merchants selling rye, wheat, and butter were required on Fridays (the eve of trading) to report to the mayor or elders full information about the availability of goods. 45. On January 30, 1916, a mandatory decree “on the prohibition of the export of oats from Cherepovets, Kirillov, Belozersk and their counties beyond the boundaries of the counties, with the exception of oats purchased for the army,” was published in the Novgorod Provincial Gazette. 46.
At the beginning of the war, many doctors and paramedics from Kirillovsky district were called up for military service. The authorities tried to fill the available vacancies, but to no avail. In November 1915, there were no doctors in Volokoslavinskaya, Petropavlovskaya, Ogibalovskaya, Krechetovskaya hospitals, and in five paramedic stations 47. The cost of medicines also increased significantly during the war. Prices for the most common medications have risen 2-10 times or more. For example, phenasetin cost 3 rubles 90 kopecks before the war, and by the end of 1915 - 200 rubles 48.
By the autumn of 1916, the hardships of the war became felt by the entire population of Russia. The losses of the Russian army during more than two years of military operations were enormous - about 1.5 million killed, about 4 million wounded, over 2 million prisoners 49. In 1914, there were 1,689,469 local residents in the Novgorod province. Of these, 206,115 persons liable for military service were drafted into the active army, which accounted for 12.2 percent of the population 50. In the first months of the war, losses among Novgorod warriors amounted to 0.11 percent. The “Agricultural Bulletin” (1915. No. 6; 1916. No. 3-4) published “Name lists of killed and wounded and missing lower ranks of the Novgorod province.” Local historian E. Rakov calculated the numbers of losses in Kirillovsky district: in 1915 - 38 killed, 128 wounded, one died from wounds; in 1916 - 7 killed, 32 wounded, 6 shell-shocked, 30 missing, one was captured by the Germans 51. But, apparently, this is incomplete information.
In 1915, the first heroes were awarded in battle, some of them posthumously. Information about those killed and their military awards were sent to the districts where they lived. So, on July 8, 1915, in the Boroivanovskaya church, a ceremony was held to transfer the St. George Cross to the parents of Sergei Osipovich Shortov, a reserve corporal from the peasants of the village of Shilyakova, who died in the war. The award was presented to the parents by the Kirillov police officer. Then priest N. Tretinsky served a prayer service for the granting of victory. After the prayer service, he gave a speech “about the high moral feat of the defenders of the Fatherland” 52. In the same solemn atmosphere, the transfer of the St. George Cross of the 4th degree to the parents of the junior non-commissioned officer Alexei Vasilyevich Lasukov, who came from the peasants of the village of Tarasovskaya, was killed in the war. 53. Among those who especially distinguished themselves during the First World War were Mikhail Nikolaevich Voronin (1890-1970), a native of the village of Probudovo. He served as a scout, accomplished many feats and became a holder of four St. George's Crosses 54. Among those awarded was the hieromonk of the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery Martinian (Matvey Egorov, from the peasants of the Cherepovets district). For his participation in the military campaign, he was awarded the Order of St. Anna 3rd degree 55.
The unsuccessful course of the war, heavy losses, and insufficient supplies of weapons, ammunition, and food to the army aroused discontent and grumbling among the soldiers and gave rise to rumors of “treason” among the “superiors.” The conscription of a large number of men into the army caused a shortage of labor in the villages. Increased transportation of military cargo led to disruption of railway transport and interruptions in the supply of food supplies to the civilian population. Strikes and demonstrations began in cities. The workers' unrest was supported by soldiers of reserve regiments stationed in large cities.
Unrest also occurred in Kirillovsky district. Workers of the Kurdyuzhsky sawmill demanded a double increase in wages. Barges with bread were looted at the Chaika and Zvoz piers. In Kirillov, Markelov's brewery, Valkov's store, and Kostarev's tavern were destroyed. In May 1917, the peasants of the Krechetovsky volost destroyed the estate of the 19th appanage estate, while they beat and dispersed the forest guards and began to cut down the forest without permission. One of the demands of the peasants was to entrust the protection of forests “on an elective basis to persons who suffered in the war.” 56. The organizers of unrest, strikes, and unauthorized logging were most often soldiers who returned from the front or became acquainted with revolutionary ideas in the “reserve” regiments. They became the organizers of the establishment of Soviet power in Kirillovsky district. For example, V. M. Pronin was drafted into the army in 1913 and took part in battles. In January 1917, he was arrested for revolutionary propaganda, but under pressure from revolutionary-minded soldiers he was released and participated in the February and October revolutions. On behalf of the Novgorod Council of Workers', Peasants' and Red Army Deputies, he arrived in his homeland and organized rural and volost Councils in the Khotenovskaya volost of Kirillovsky district. In 1918, Vasily Mikhailovich Pronin created the 1st Kirillov Commune in the city of Kirillov. 57. On the initiative of Bolshevik soldiers, the first district congress of Soviets was convened on December 17, 1917, which proclaimed the transfer of all power to the Council of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies 58.
Notes
1 OPI KBIAHM. F. 1. Op. 1. D. 292. L. 19
2Journals of the Kirillovsky district zemstvo assembly (hereinafter - Journals). 1914. P. 352.
3 Ibid. S. 100
4 OPI KBIAHM. F. 1. Op. 1. D. 292. L. 20-29.
6 Magazines... 1914. P. 354.
7K o r n i l o v L. In the First World War // New Life. 1976. No. 2.
8V aryukhichev A. A word about the city of Kirillov. North-West book publishing house, 1990.
pp. 107-109.
9 NEV. 1915. No. 47. P. 1473.
10 Magazines... P. 372
11V a r la m. Description of historical and archaeological antiquities and rare things in the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery. M., 1859. P. 4. 85
12 NEV. 1903. No. 17. P. 979.
13 Ibid. 1905. No. 17. P. 1051.
14 Ibid. 1914. No. 38. P. 1213.
15 Ibid. 1915. No. 51-52. S. 1649.
16 Ibid. 1916. No. 11. P. 328.
17 RGADA. F. 1441. Op. 3. D. 2077. L. 32.
18 Ibid. L. 9.
19 Magazines... 1915. P. 39.
20 OPI KBIAHM. F. 1. Op. 1. D. 39.
21 GANO. F. 480. D. 4623. L. 1.
22 NEV. 1914. No. 38. P. 1214.
23 Ibid. 1916. No. 11. P. 328.
25 OPI KBIAHM. F. 1. Op. 1. D. 319. L. 12-15.
26 NEV. 1914. No. 50. P. 1660.
28 Ibid. 1915. No. 15. P. 515.
29 Ibid. No. 1-2. pp. 44-45.
30 OPI KBIAHM. F. 1. Op. 1. D. 319. L. 13-14.
31 V i t u sh k i n S. Decree. op. P. 50.
32 NEV. 1914. No. 46. P. 1506-1507.
34 Magazines... 1915. P. 163.
35 NEV. 1915. No. 48. P. 1569-1572.
37Smirnov I.A. Canal of Duke Alexander of Württemberg (North Dvina water system) // Hydrotechnical construction. 1997. No. 1. P. 52.
38Izvestia (print organ of the Kirillov district committee of public peace). 1917. No. 28. (May 9).
40 NEV. 1915. No. 9. P. 311-312.
41 Ibid. No. 15. P. 489.
43 Ibid. 1914. No. 13. P. 435.
44 Ibid. No. 36. P. 1173.
45 Ibid. 1915. No. 12. P. 420.
46 Ibid. 1916. No. 6. P. 179.
47 Magazines... 1915. P. 155.
49Pushkarev S. Changes on the Western Front (Russia in the First World War) // Pulse. 2004. No. 3. P. 6.
50V i t u sh k i n S. The First World War: A View from Novgorod // Chelo. 2004. No. 2. P. 50.
52 NEV. 1915. No. 32-33. pp. 1071-1073.
53 Ibid. No. 13. P. 410-411.
54OPI KBIAHM. Guide. Kirillov, 2000. P. 43.
55 Ibid. F. 1. Op. 1. D. 39. L. 75-76.
56 V aryukhichev A. Decree op. P. 114.
57K o r n i l o v L. The first chairman of the committee // New life. 1972.
13th of January.
Annex 1
List of participants in the First World War.
Kirillovsky district*
1. Sergei Osipovich Shortov (?-1915), corporal, native of the village of Shilyakovo, awarded the Order of St. George, died, the order was awarded to his parents in July 1915.
2. Lasukov Alexey Vasilievich (? -1916), junior non-commissioned officer, native
d. Tarasovskoy, holder of the St. George Cross, 4th degree, killed on January 14, 1916, the order was awarded to his parents.
3. Hieromonk of the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery Martinian (in the world Matvey Egorov) (?), from the peasants of the Cherepovets district, awarded the Order of St. Anna 3rd degree on May 6, 1915.
4. Voronin Mikhail Nikolaevich (1890-1970), native of the village of Probudovo, Goritsky village council, intelligence officer, Petrograd Front. Awarded four St. George Crosses.
5. Gostinshchikov Vasily Dmitrievich (1893-1980), native of Kirillov.
6. Grazkin Dmitry Ivanovich (1891-1972), native of the village of Velikiy Dvor, Zaulomskaya volost, private marching company of the 436th Novoladozhsky regiment of the 109th infantry division of the XII Army of the Northern Front, at the end of the war - editor of the newspaper “Okopnaya Pravda”.
7. Ershov Gavriil Vasilievich (1890-?).
8. Zimin Vasily Ivanovich (?).
9. Pronin Vasily Mikhailovich (1892-1972), native of the village of Fatyanovo.
10. Rumyantsev Vasily Alexandrovich (1874-1920).
11. Alexey Ivanovich Sizmin (1887-1935), native of the village of Kalinintsy, Talitsky district. He served in the chemical flamethrower battalion of the Petrograd garrison.
12. Volkov Sergey Alekseevich (1895-?), native of Nilovitsy, sailor of the Baltic Fleet. He served on the destroyer Samson.
13. Ryabkov Sergey Petrovich (1895-1935), native of the village of Leushkino, Ferapontovsky volost, sailor of the cruiser “Oleg” of the Baltic Fleet.
14. Mazilov Alexey Pavlovich (1893-1975), a native of the village of Kostyunino, Nikolo-Torzhsky volost, served in the 2nd reserve engineer battalion.
15. Kuzmichev Dmitry Alexandrovich (1894-1966), native of the village. Ferapontovo, later commissar of the cavalry division that took part in the battles on the Chinese Eastern Railway (1929).
16. Fomichev Alexey Nikiforovich (1893-?), a native of the village of Kopyasovo, Charozersky district, served in the 5th Life Guards Rifle Regiment, stationed in
Petrograd.
17. Stepanov Vladimir Kalistratovich (1895-1978), native of Kirillov, sailor of the ship “Liberator”, which was part of the Baltic Fleet.
18. Kropachev Ivan Ionovich (1892-1962), native of the village of Vorobyovo, Migachevsky village council.
19. Savichev Ivan Danilovich (?).
20. Kostyunichev Andrey Yudovich (1890-1918), native of the village of Sosunovo, Goritsky village council.
21. Kishenin Alexander Ivanovich (1898-?), cavalryman, served in the 1st Baltic Cavalry Regiment.
22. Bukhalov Vasily Fedorovich (?).
23. Nikitin Alexander Mefodievich (1888-1932), native of the village. Nilovitsy.
24. Myzenkov Andrey Kirillovich (1895-?), native of the village of Pyalnobovo.
25. Dunaev Pavel Kuzmich (1893-?), native of the village of Tikhanovo, served in the 21st Army Corps. During the October Revolution, the corps was used as a
a barrage detachment that did not allow troops loyal to the Provisional Government to enter revolutionary Petrograd. After 1917 he served in Kronstadt.
26. Gagarin Illarion Akimovich (1892-?), native of the village of Belousovo, holder of two St. George Crosses, participant in the storming of the Winter Palace, participant in the Great Patriotic War.
27. Tikhon Ivanovich Kruglov (1894-1951), native of the village of Timoshino, member of the regimental soldiers’ committee, delegate from the 15th corps at the first April congress of soldiers’ committees (1917). Participant in the storming of the Winter Palace.
28. Kharzeev Ivan Grigorievich (1893-?), served on the Western Front.
29. Piskunov Pavel (?), native of the village of Pryadikhin, Talitsky volost.
30. Kochin Grigory Mikhailovich (?), military paramedic at the Petrograd Military Hospital.
31. Alexey Sergeevich Zolotov (1895-1966), a native of the village of Dudino, Nikolo-Torsky village council, worked at a military plant in Petrograd during the First World War.
32. Bobrov Nikolai Sergeevich (1892-1959), native of the village. Volokoslavinskoe, during the war he served in the First Air Park of Petrograd.
Material from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia
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Kirillovsky district- one of the districts of the Russian Empire, Novgorod province and governorship (1776-1918), and then Cherepovets province (1918-1927). The center is the city of Kirillov.
Geography
The district was located on the northern shore of White Lake. It bordered with Belozersky and Cherepovets districts, Vytegorsky and Kargopol districts of the Olonets province, Kadnikovsky district of the Vologda province.
Story
Demography
In 1897, the population of Kirillovsky district was 120,004 people, in 1905 - 122,689, and in 1911-131,819.
| Parish | 1905 | 1911 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Us. paragraph. | Residents | Us. paragraph. | Residents | |
| Burakovskaya | 73 | 6990 | 75 | 7140 |
| Vvedenskaya | 51 | 6480 | 57 | 6633 |
| Vognemskaya | 68 | 4923 | 82 | 5739 |
| Volokoslavinskaya | 82 | 9003 | 93 | 9490 |
| Voskresenskaya | 28 | 5423 | 32 | 4629 |
| Zaulomskaya | 60 | 7052 | 68 | 7426 |
| Kazanskaya | 46 | 6212 | 47 | 6828 |
| Monastyrskaya | 85 | 4377 | 94 | 5073 |
| Nikolskaya | 64 | 6245 | 72 | 6435 |
| Ostrovskaya | 85 | 4240 | 98 | 4476 |
| Petropavlovskaya | 86 | 5600 | 89 | 6018 |
| Pechenga | 38 | 3472 | 39 | 3656 |
| Pokrovskaya | 82 | 3630 | 89 | 5496 |
| Prilutskaya | 72 | 3763 | 79 | 4099 |
| Punemskaya | 30 | 4315 | 32 | 4915 |
| Romashevskaya | 60 | 3090 | 62 | 3213 |
| Spasskaya | 45 | 4766 | 51 | 5911 |
| Talitskaya | 66 | 9104 | 71 | 8947 |
| Tiginskaya | 24 | 4228 | 27 | 4332 |
| Ukhtomo-Vashkinskaya | 50 | 4123 | 50 | 4683 |
| Ferapontovskaya | 84 | 8725 | 96 | 9065 |
| Khotenovskaya | 27 | 2971 | 27 | 3479 |
| Shubachskaya | 78 | 3957 | 81 | 4136 |
| Total | 1384 | 122 689 | 1511 | 131 819 |
Current situation
Currently, the territory of the county (within the boundaries of 1917) is part of the Vashkinsky, Vozhegodsky and Kirillovsky districts of the Vologda region and the Kargopol and Konosha districts of the Arkhangelsk region of Russia.
See also
Write a review about the article "Kirillovsky district"
Notes
Links
- . - Kiev: Publishing House of L. M. Fish, 1913.
Excerpt characterizing Kirillovsky district
“I also wanted to ask you,” continued Prince Andrey, “if they kill me and if I have a son, do not let him go from you, as I told you yesterday, so that he can grow up with you... please.”- Shouldn’t I give it to my wife? - said the old man and laughed.
They stood silently opposite each other. The old man's quick eyes were directly fixed on his son's eyes. Something trembled in the lower part of the old prince’s face.
- Goodbye... go! - he suddenly said. - Go! - he shouted in an angry and loud voice, opening the office door.
- What is it, what? - asked the princess and princess, seeing Prince Andrei and for a moment the figure of an old man in a white robe, without a wig and wearing old man’s glasses, leaning out for a moment, shouting in an angry voice.
Prince Andrei sighed and did not answer.
“Well,” he said, turning to his wife.
And this “well” sounded like a cold mockery, as if he was saying: “Now do your tricks.”
– Andre, deja! [Andrey, already!] - said the little princess, turning pale and looking at her husband with fear.
He hugged her. She screamed and fell unconscious on his shoulder.
He carefully moved away the shoulder on which she was lying, looked into her face and carefully sat her down on a chair.
“Adieu, Marieie, [Goodbye, Masha,”] he said quietly to his sister, kissed her hand in hand and quickly walked out of the room.
The princess was lying in a chair, M lle Burien was rubbing her temples. Princess Marya, supporting her daughter-in-law, with tear-stained beautiful eyes, still looked at the door through which Prince Andrei came out, and baptized him. From the office one could hear, like gunshots, the often repeated angry sounds of an old man blowing his nose. As soon as Prince Andrei left, the office door quickly opened and the stern figure of an old man in a white robe looked out.
- Left? Well, good! - he said, looking angrily at the emotionless little princess, shook his head reproachfully and slammed the door.
In October 1805, Russian troops occupied the villages and towns of the Archduchy of Austria, and more new regiments came from Russia and, burdening the residents with billeting, were stationed at the Braunau fortress. The main apartment of Commander-in-Chief Kutuzov was in Braunau.
On October 11, 1805, one of the infantry regiments that had just arrived at Braunau, awaiting inspection by the commander-in-chief, stood half a mile from the city. Despite the non-Russian terrain and situation (orchards, stone fences, tiled roofs, mountains visible in the distance), despite the non-Russian people looking at the soldiers with curiosity, the regiment had exactly the same appearance as any Russian regiment had when preparing for a review somewhere in the middle of Russia.
In the evening, on the last march, an order was received that the commander-in-chief would inspect the regiment on the march. Although the words of the order seemed unclear to the regimental commander, and the question arose how to understand the words of the order: in marching uniform or not? In the council of battalion commanders, it was decided to present the regiment in full dress uniform on the grounds that it is always better to bow than not to bow. And the soldiers, after a thirty-mile march, did not sleep a wink, they repaired and cleaned themselves all night; adjutants and company commanders counted and expelled; and by morning the regiment, instead of the sprawling, disorderly crowd that it had been the day before during the last march, represented an orderly mass of 2,000 people, each of whom knew his place, his job, and of whom, on each of them, every button and strap was in its place and sparkled with cleanliness . Not only was the outside in good order, but if the commander-in-chief had wanted to look under the uniforms, he would have seen an equally clean shirt on each one and in each knapsack he would have found the legal number of things, “sweat and soap,” as the soldiers say. There was only one circumstance about which no one could be calm. It was shoes. More than half the people's boots were broken. But this deficiency was not due to the fault of the regimental commander, since, despite repeated demands, the goods were not released to him from the Austrian department, and the regiment traveled a thousand miles.
The regimental commander was an elderly, sanguine general with graying eyebrows and sideburns, thick-set and wider from chest to back than from one shoulder to the other. He was wearing a new, brand new uniform with wrinkled folds and thick golden epaulettes, which seemed to lift his fat shoulders upward rather than downwards. The regimental commander had the appearance of a man happily performing one of the most solemn affairs of life. He walked in front of the front and, as he walked, trembled at every step, slightly arching his back. It was clear that the regimental commander was admiring his regiment, happy with it, that all his mental strength was occupied only with the regiment; but, despite the fact that his trembling gait seemed to say that, in addition to military interests, the interests of social life and the female sex occupied a significant place in his soul.
Lists of populated places were published in Russia. We present to you an overview of one of these lists.
List of populated places in the Novgorod province. Issue X. Kirillovsky district.
Compiled under the editorship of the Secretary of the Novgorod Provincial Statistical Committee K.P. Volodina.
Published in Novgorod at the Provincial Printing House in 1912.
To the 10th issue.
To compile a list of populated places in Kirillovsky district, questionnaires compiled locally about each populated area were used. The information obtained in this way was checked with the materials of the first general population census of 1897 and other statistical materials of the provincial statistical committee and the provincial zemstvo.
Comparing the present list of populated places in Kirillovsky district with data from 1905 and grouping them by volost, we obtain the following table:
| №№
in order |
Names of parishes | According to | According to 1911 data. | + more or | |||||
| Number of populated places | Number of inhabitants of both sexes | Number of populated places | Number of inhabitants. | Number of populated places | Number of inhabitants of both sexes | ||||
| Men | Women | Both sexes | |||||||
| 1 | Burakovskaya | 73 | 6990 | 75 | 3485 | 3655 | 7140 | + 2 | + 150 |
| 2 | Vvedenskaya | 51 | 6480 | 57 | 3239 | 3394 | 6633 | + 6 | +153 |
| 3 | Vognemskaya | 68 | 4923 | 82 | 2883 | 2856 | 5739 | + 14 | + 816 |
| 4 | Volokoslavinskaya | 82 | 9003 | 93 | 4553 | 4937 | 9490 | + 11 | + 487 |
| 5 | Voskresenskaya | 28 | 5423 | 32 | 2293 | 2336 | 4629 | + 4 | - 794 |
| 6 | Zaulomskaya | 60 | 7052 | 68 | 3450 | 3976 | 7426 | + 8 | + 374 |
| 7 | Kazanskaya | 46 | 6212 | 47 | 3355 | 3473 | 6828 | + 1 | + 616 |
| 8 | Monastyrskaya | 85 | 4377 | 94 | 2439 | 2634 | 5073 | + 9 | + 696 |
| 9 | Nikolskaya | 64 | 6245 | 72 | 3059 | 3376 | 6435 | + 8 | + 190 |
| 10 | Ostrovskaya | 85 | 4240 | 98 | 2169 | 2307 | 4476 | + 13 | + 236 |
| 11 | Petropavlovskaya | 86 | 5600 | 89 | 2895 | 3123 | 6018 | + 3 | + 418 |
| 12 | Pechenga | 38 | 3472 | 39 | 1723 | 1933 | 3656 | + 1 | + 184 |
| 13 | Pokrovskaya | 82 | 3630 | 89 | 2920 | 2576 | 5496 | + 7 | + 1866 |
| 14 | Prilutskaya | 72 | 3763 | 79 | 1977 | 2122 | 4099 | + 7 | + 336 |
| 15 | Punemskaya | 30 | 4315 | 32 | 2395 | 2520 | 4915 | + 2 | + 600 |
| 16 | Romashevskaya | 60 | 3090 | 62 | 1550 | 1663 | 3213 | + 2 | + 123 |
| 17 | Spasskaya | 45 | 4766 | 51 | 2939 | 2972 | 5911 | + 6 | + 1145 |
| 18 | Talitskaya | 66 | 9104 | 71 | 4468 | 4479 | 8947 | + 5 | - 157 |
| 19 | Tiginskaya | 24 | 4228 | 27 | 2127 | 2205 | 4332 | + 3 | + 104 |
| 20 | Ukhtomo-Vashkinskaya | 50 | 4123 | 50 | 2365 | 2318 | 4683 | - | + 560 |
| 21 | Ferapontovskaya | 84 | 8725 | 96 | 8315 | 1750 | 9065 | + 12 | + 340 |
| 22 | Khotenovskaya | 27 | 2971 | 27 | 1616 | 1863 | 3479 | - | + 508 |
| 23 | Shubachskaya | 78 | 3957 | 81 | 2039 | 2097 | 4136 | + 3 | .+ 179 |
| Total by county | 1384 | 122689 | 1511 | 64254 | 67565 | 131819 | + 127 | + 9130 | |
Next are tables in which lists of populated areas are grouped by volost and arranged alphabetically. The tables contain the following fields:
- Nos. in order.
- Detailed name of the locality and what type it is.
- Which society or on whose land.
- How many courtyard spaces are there in the settlement that are occupied by buildings?
- How many residential buildings?
- Number of inhabitants.
- – Men.
- – Women.
- – Both sexes.
- How many miles is the settlement located from:
- - District city.
- – Railway station.
- - Steamship pier.
- - Volost government.
- - Apartments of the police officer.
- - Apartments of the zemstvo chief.
- – Postal institution.
- – Schools.
- – Parish church.
- Occupation of residents.
- - Main.
- – Utility.
- On which railway line, postal or trade route is the settlement located?
- What kind of water is the settlement located at?
- Notes.
Here are some interesting statistics:
The city fire brigade consists of 6 servants, has 4 horses, 3 large and 3 small pipes, 8 barrels and small other equipment.
Telephones: 1, landline, up to 30 versts. with 65 subscribers;
2, M, P.S., connected to g.g. Chsrepovets, Bylozersk and with piers located on the way to these cities, as well as from the city. Vologda and Vytegra. Both telephones are connected to each other in Kuzminka metro station.
According to the general census of 1897, there are 2062 people in Kirillov
men and 2244 women, a total of 4306 persons of both sexes, and on January 1, 1910 there were 1987 men and 2244 women, and a total of 4231 people.
In terms of religious composition, the population is predominantly Orthodox; there are only a few Jews, Catholics and Protestants.
In the city, in addition to the monastery, there are 4 churches and 5 chapels. Churches and
two stone chapels.
Educational institutions: women's gymnasium, 264 students, theological school - 107, city men's school - 105, women's parish - 136, two parish men's - 133 and one parish school - 13 people.
There are three reading libraries: City, Zemskaya and the Committee of Trusteeship for National Sobriety, two printing houses and two photographs; no newspapers are published.
One Zemstvo hospital with an epidemic department, with two doctors. There are no practicing doctors. Pharmacies: one zemstvo and one private; drugstore. Two almshouses - zemstvo and city.
Credit institutions: city bank, loan and savings partnership and credit partnership,
Cooperative - Kirillovskoye Consumer Society.
Insurance agencies: Provincial Zemstvo and societies: “Northern” and “Russia”.
Average cost of apartments: 3 - 6 rooms from 180 - 360 rubles. per year and
1 - 3 rooms from 60 to 180 rubles. in year.
There are 3-five-day fairs: Kirillovskaya - June 9, Uspenskaya - August 15th and Vvedenskaya - November 21st. The main items of sale are: manufactured and haberdashery goods, horses, and on Vvedenskaya, in addition, fish, game and leather.
Places of Public Entertainment: 1, Kirillovskoe Public Assembly and 2, Kirillovskoe Musical and Dramatic Public Assembly. Both Assemblies are located in private homes.
The city budget as of January 1, 1912 was 19,000 rubles, debts outside the city were 20,000.
ABBREVIATIONS ADOPTED IN THE LIST OF PLACES IN Kirillovsky District.
obstetrician - midwife.
grocery - grocery
bgd. - almshouse.
bd.- booth.
library - library
bln. - hospital.
bond. - cooperage.
felted spg. - felting boots.
wind. p. - veterinary station.
VNK. - distillery.
wine Lav. - wine shop.
water chalk - water mill.
ow. etc. - volost government.
V. n. – medical station.
vslk. - settlement.
vyd. sheepskin - making sheepskin.
wind chalk. - windmill.
elm. p. - knitting nets.
hound congratulations - pottery production.
state sl. - public service.
d. and village - village.
tar. - tar.
ext. - mining.
house. - brownie.
dch.-dacha.
railway bd. - railway booth.
and. d. - railway.
railway station - railway station.
railway pst. - railway station.
blank - blank
salary - earnings
star - plant
star pslk. - factory village.
zem. - zemstvo.
land con. station - zemstvo horse station.
land agricultural sk. - zemstvo agricultural stock.
land tr. - zemstvo tract.
zmd.-agriculture.
h. school - Zemstvo school.
izvz.- izvz.
them. - estate.
kaz. - state-owned.
sq. - apartment
sq. h. nch. - apartment of the zemstvo chief.
sq. Art. pr - apartment of the police officer.
sq. V. pr. - apartment of the volost administration
KVK Guards - forging nails.
kzhv. - leather.
kldz. - well.
kzrm - barracks.
kldb. - cemetery.
kldv. consumption - consumer pantry.
con. - horse-drawn
credit t-vo - credit partnership.
krn. - peasant.
blacksmith - forge, blacksmithing.
bush. - pr. - handicraft.
lav.- shop.
lsch. - forester.
forest. - forest.
forest. charge - forest earnings.
lesp. star - sawmill.
forest. etc. - forestry.
m., min. - ministerial.
Mast. - workshop, craftsmanship.
oil mill - oil mill.
Meln. -mill and miller.
chalk. Lav. - small shop.
mz. - We are for it.
mnfk.- manufactory.
they say - dairy.
prays d. - house of worship.
mon. - monastery.
mst.- place.
n. - no information.n
descendants - heirs.
chief-chief.
about demand - consumer society.
oh sober - temperance society.
otx. charge - decent income.
linear - churchyard
prd. - pond.
prst. - pier.
pcht. dept. - Postal office.
With. - village.
see - adjacent.
trzh. - Torzhok.
mustache - estate.
Chl. zap. magician – Bread reserve store.
The comments to the table say:
The number of populated places, as can be seen from this table, increased by 127, the population of the county increased by 9130 people. The area of the Kirillovsky district, according to the calculations of the general staff of Colonel Strelbitsky, is 13078.8 square miles, including 899.1 under the lakes, on which there are 2.9 square miles under the islands. verst. According to the 1897 census, there were 55,426 male residents and 65,272 female residents—a total of 115,698 people. According to 1911 data, 64,254 men and 67,565 women. In 1897, per 1 sq. verst in Kirillovsky district there were 8.8 people, in 1905 - 9.8 people, and in 1911 - 10 people.
Acting Secretary of the Provincial Statistical Office
Committee N.P. Volodin.
In line 21 “Ferapontovskaya volost”, in addition to the obvious “skew” in the number of men and women, an arithmetic error was made. The population of both sexes should be 10065 people, i.e. the increase will be 1340 people. The disproportionately large number of men is apparently explained by the presence of the Ferapontovsky monastery for men.
Kirillovsky district, Kirillovsky district AnsiKirillovsky district- one of the districts of the Russian Empire, Novgorod province and governorship (1776-1918), and then Cherepovets province (1918-1927). The center is the city of Kirillov.
- 1 Geography
- 2 History
- 3 Demographics
- 4 Current situation
- 5 See also
- 6 Notes
- 7 Links
Geography
The district was located on the northern shore of White Lake. It bordered with Belozersky and Cherepovets districts, Vytegorsky and Kargopol districts of the Olonets province, Kadnikovsky district of the Vologda province.
Story
Since the 15th century, the Charonda district was located on these lands; from 1727 to 1770, the Charonda district of the Belozersk province existed. Kirillovsky district was separated from Belozersky district of the Novgorod province in 1776.
Kirillovsky district, 1792
Since 1918, Kirillovsky district was part of the Cherepovets province. In February 1919, part of the Kirillovsky district (Vvedenskaya, Kazanskaya, Ogibalovskaya, Ratkovetskaya, Punemskaya, Tiginskaya and Khotenovskaya volosts) went to the Kargopol district of the Olonets province and to the Kadnikovsky district of the Vologda province.
In 1927, Kirillovsky district was abolished, and the territory became part of the Vashkinsky, Petropavlovsky (later Charozersky) and Kirillovsky districts of the Cherepovets district of the Leningrad region.
Demography
In 1897, the population of Kirillovsky district was 120,004 people, in 1905 - 122,689, and in 1911-131,819.
| Parish | 1905 | 1911 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Us. paragraph. | Residents | Us. paragraph. | Residents | |
| Burakovskaya | 73 | 6990 | 75 | 7140 |
| Vvedenskaya | 51 | 6480 | 57 | 6633 |
| Vognemskaya | 68 | 4923 | 82 | 5739 |
| Volokoslavinskaya | 82 | 9003 | 93 | 9490 |
| Voskresenskaya | 28 | 5423 | 32 | 4629 |
| Zaulomskaya | 60 | 7052 | 68 | 7426 |
| Kazanskaya | 46 | 6212 | 47 | 6828 |
| Monastyrskaya | 85 | 4377 | 94 | 5073 |
| Nikolskaya | 64 | 6245 | 72 | 6435 |
| Ostrovskaya | 85 | 4240 | 98 | 4476 |
| Petropavlovskaya | 86 | 5600 | 89 | 6018 |
| Pechenga | 38 | 3472 | 39 | 3656 |
| Pokrovskaya | 82 | 3630 | 89 | 5496 |
| Prilutskaya | 72 | 3763 | 79 | 4099 |
| Punemskaya | 30 | 4315 | 32 | 4915 |
| Romashevskaya | 60 | 3090 | 62 | 3213 |
| Spasskaya | 45 | 4766 | 51 | 5911 |
| Talitskaya | 66 | 9104 | 71 | 8947 |
| Tiginskaya | 24 | 4228 | 27 | 4332 |
| Ukhtomo-Vashkinskaya | 50 | 4123 | 50 | 4683 |
| Ferapontovskaya | 84 | 8725 | 96 | 9065 |
| Khotenovskaya | 27 | 2971 | 27 | 3479 |
| Shubachskaya | 78 | 3957 | 81 | 4136 |
| Total | 1384 | 122 689 | 1511 | 131 819 |
Current situation
Kirillovsky district in a modern grid of districtsCurrently, the territory of the county (within the boundaries of 1917) is part of the Vashkinsky, Vozhegodsky and Kirillovsky districts of the Vologda region and the Kargopol and Konosha districts of the Arkhangelsk region of Russia.
See also
- Charonda
Notes
- Demoscope Weekly. The first general population census of the Russian Empire in 1897. Current population in the provinces, districts, cities of the Russian Empire (without Finland). Archived from the original on August 24, 2011.
- Issue X. Kirillovsky district // List of populated places in the Novgorod province / edited by N. P. Volodin. - Novgorod: Provincial Printing House, 1912. - P. 36-37. - 146 p.
Links
- Volost, stanitsa, village, commune boards and administrations, as well as police stations throughout Russia with the designation of their location. - Kiev: Publishing House of L. M. Fish, 1913.
- Old maps of Kirillovsky district
| Counties of Novgorod province | |
|---|---|
|
Belozersky | Borovichsky | Valdai | Demyansky | Kirillovsky| Krestetsky | Malovishersky | Novgorod | Old Russian | Tikhvinsky | Ustyuzhensky | Cherepovetsky |
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