Preface
Chapter 1. General information about pipelines
§ 1. Purpose and classification
§ 2. Conditional passages. Conditional, working and test pressures
§ 3. Types of pipeline connections
Chapter 2. Pipes and pipeline fittings
§ 1. Steel pipes
§ 2. Cast iron pipes
§ 3. Plastic pipes
§ 4. Glass pipes and pipes made of other non-metallic materials
§ 5. Welded parts of steel pipelines
§ 6. Flanges
§ 7. Connecting parts of plastic pipelines
§ 8. Connecting and fastening parts of glass pipelines
Chapter 3. Pipe fittings
§ 1. Purpose and classification of fittings
§ 2. Acceptance and inspection of fittings
Chapter 4. Tools for the manufacture and installation of pipelines
Chapter 5. Crane and rigging equipment
Chapter 6. Equipment and technology for manufacturing steel and cast iron pipelines
§ 1. Pipe processing
§ 2. Pipe bending
§ 3. Calibration and straightening of pipe ends and parts
§ 4. Assembly of pipeline elements and assemblies
§ 5. Welding of pipelines
Chapter 7. Equipment and technology for the manufacture of plastic pipelines
§ 1. Mechanical processing of pipes and blanks
§ 2. Molding in the manufacture of parts
§ 3. Pipe bending
§ 4. Welding of pipes and parts
Chapter 8. Equipment and technology for installing glass pipelines
Chapter 9. Technical and regulatory documentation for pipeline construction
§ 1. Composition and requirements for technical documentation
§ 2. Installation drawings
§ 3. Detail drawings
§ 4. Regulatory documents
§ 5. Work projects
Chapter 10. Mechanized lines and sections of pipe workshops
§ 1. Mechanized lines for the production of pipeline units
§ 2. Mechanized section for the production of sectional bends
§ 3. Mechanized lines and areas for the production of pipeline sections
§ 4. Mechanized line for anti-corrosion pipe insulation
§ 5. Mechanized section for the production of parts and assemblies of plastic pipelines
Chapter 11. Pipeline installation technology
§ 2. Route layout
§ 3. Installation of supports and hangers
§ 4. Installation of pipelines
Chapter 12. Testing and commissioning of pipelines
§ 1. Preparatory work
§ 2. Testing of process pipelines
§ 3. Testing of external water supply and sewerage pipelines
§ 4. Testing of heating network pipelines
§ 5. Testing of gas pipelines
Chapter 13. Labor costs and the cost of pipeline work
§ 1. Rationing and remuneration
§ 2. Cost of installation of pipelines
Applications
Bibliography

P. P. Alekseenko, L. A. Grigoriev, I. L. Rubin.
Handbook of a fitter of technological equipment

Series

reference books for workers

Founded in 1969

Under general editorship

Ph.D. tech. Sciences P.P. Alekseenko

MOSCOW "MECHANICAL ENGINEERING"

Authors: P. P. Alekseenko, Ph.D. tech. Sciences, L. A. Grigoriev, Ph.D. tech. Sciences, I. L. Rubin, Ph.D. tech. Sciences, V.I. Golomnov, Ph.D. tech. Sciences, E. N. Isakov, Ph.D. tech. Sciences, V. A. Kalugin, Ph.D. tech. sciences

Reviewer Dr. V. A. Apanyakin

Issues of technological preparation of production, methods and techniques of metalwork, assembly, auxiliary and main installation work are outlined. Information is provided on the composition and technological structure of the work performed during the installation of equipment at industrial enterprises. Considerable attention is paid to technological and metrological ensuring accuracy. The technical characteristics of the tools, machines and devices used by installers are given, as well as the modern principles of organizing the effective work of teams.

For fitters of industrial technological equipment; may be useful for students of technical schools and vocational schools.

Handbook of a fitter of technological equipment/P. P. Alekseenko, L. A. Grigoriev, I. L. Rubin and others; Under general ed. P. P. Alekseenko. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1990. -704 p.: ill. - (Series of reference books for workers).

ISBN 5-217-01124-6

Preface

Chapter 1. Technological bases of installation of industrial equipment (P. P. Alekseenko, V. I. Golovanov)
1. Features of installation production
2. Technological processes and installation operations
3. Documentation for installation work
4. Preparation of work and increasing the installation manufacturability of equipment
5. Organization of the installation site

Chapter 2. Preparatory and auxiliary work (P. P. Alekseenko, V. I. Golovanov)
1. Acceptance and preparation of equipment for installation
2. Acceptance of the construction part of the facility
3. Pre-installation consolidation of equipment into blocks
4. Installation of foundation bolts

Chapter 3. Characteristics of accuracy and the basis for ensuring it during installation (P. P. Alekseenko)
1. General Provisions
2. Metrological assurance of accuracy
3. Technological assurance of accuracy
4. Geodetic justification for installation

Chapter 4. Tools for metalwork and assembly work (L. A. Grigoriev, P. P. Alekseenko)
1. Marking and impact tool
2. Clamping tool
3. Hand tools for cutting and processing metal
4. Hole making tool
5. Thread cutting tool
6. Hand tools for assembling threaded connections

Chapter 5. Measuring instruments during installation (P. P. Alekseenko, L. A. Grigoriev)
1. Metrological characteristics of measuring instruments
2. Measures
3.Measuring tool
4. Instruments for linear measurements
5. Instruments for measuring angles
6. Devices for controlling the shape and location of surfaces

Chapter 6. Manual and portable machines (I. L. Rubin)
1. General information
2. Hand drilling machines
3. Hand grinders
4. Manual specialized machines
5. Manual threading machines
6. Manual impact and rotary impact machines
7. Other machines and auxiliary devices
8. Pipe bending devices
9. Organization of instrumental facilities
10. Operation, maintenance and repair of hand-held machines

Chapter 7. Mechanical work (L.A. Grigoriev)
1. Marking blanks and parts
2. Straightening, straightening and bending
3. Chopping, cutting and filing
4. Drilling, reaming, countersinking and countersinking
5. Thread cutting
6. Scraping, lapping, finishing and polishing
7. Soldering and tinning
8. Riveting, pipe flaring and gluing
9. Preparation of parts (blanks) for welding

Chapter 8. Assembling standard units (L. A. Grigoriev, P. P. Alekseenko)
1. Threaded connections
2. Connections with guaranteed interference
3. Keyed and splined connections
4. Couplings
5. Bearings
6. Gears

Chapter 9. Rigging equipment and lifting operations (E. N. Isakov)
1. Ropes and slings
2. Blocks and pulleys
3. Mounting winches and anchors
4. Cranes and special rigging equipment
5. Hoists and portable winches
6. Jacks for rigging work (I. L. Rubin)

Chapter 10. Installation and securing of equipment (P. P. Alekseenko, V. A. Kalugin)
1. Equipment installation methods
2. Adjustment of equipment position during alignment
3. Securing equipment

Chapter 11. Testing and commissioning of equipment (V. I. Golovanov, P. P. Alekseenko)
1. Types and composition of individual tests
2. Features of testing equipment of various types
3. Comprehensive testing and commissioning of equipment

Chapter 12. Rationing, organization and payment of labor for installers (V. I. Golovanov, P. P. Alekseenko)
1. Labor organization of installers
2. Economic accounting and economic incentive funds
3. Indicators of labor efficiency of teams
4. Rationing and payment of labor for installers
5. Payroll Basics

Bibliography
Subject index

PREFACE

Scientific and technological progress is associated with the re-equipment of the entire national economy, the rapid growth and renewal of technological equipment of industrial enterprises, which in turn creates the need to improve technology, improve quality and reduce equipment installation time.

Installation of equipment is the most important stage of the production process of construction of new and technical re-equipment of existing workshops of industrial enterprises. It is inextricably linked with all previous technological processes for manufacturing equipment and is the final stage of assembling individual machines and units of entire lines and installations at the site of their operation. The timing of mastering the production of new types of products and the operability of technological equipment largely depend on installation.

The variety of types of installation technological processes, the complexity of the installed equipment, which is usually unique, and the specific conditions of the installation site require workers to have deep professional knowledge, high qualifications and knowledge of related specialties.

The purpose of publishing the directory is to provide installers with the necessary information on modern technology for performing both the entire complex of installation work, as well as individual plumbing, rigging, assembly and control operations, installation work, alignment, fastening of mounted equipment to foundations, its testing and commissioning. Considerable attention is paid to progressive means of mechanization of technological processes, tools and devices”, means and methods for ensuring installation accuracy. The issues of organizing and economically stimulating the work of installation teams in modern economic conditions are considered.

Download the reference book for a process equipment fitter. Moscow, Publishing House Mashinostroenie, 1990

Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers (UTKS), 2019
Issue No. 3 ETKS
The release was approved by Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated 04/06/2007 N 243
(as amended: Orders of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated November 28, 2008 N 679, dated April 30, 2009 N 233)

Process pipeline installer

§ 247. Installer of process pipelines of the 2nd category

Characteristics of work. Cleaning of fittings, bolts and studs from preservative grease. Washing of glass equipment, glass pipes and fittings for them. Preservation of pipe ends. Installation and removal of safety plugs and plugs on pipes. Sorting of pipes, fittings and fastenings.

Must know: types of pipes and parts of process pipelines and fittings; types of glass pipes, fittings for them and glass equipment; types of supports used for laying pipelines; pipeline fastening means; purpose and rules for using metalwork tools; methods for measuring pipe diameter.

§ 248. Installer of process pipelines of the 3rd category

Characteristics of work. Pipe etching. Etching of glass equipment, glass pipes and fittings for them. Drilling or punching holes. Installation of pipelines from glass pipes with a diameter of up to 25 mm. Degreasing of parts and oxygen pipeline pipes.

Must know: assortment of pipes and pipeline parts and fittings; assortment of glass pipes, fittings for them and glass equipment; methods of chemical cleaning of internal surfaces of parts and pipelines; methods for chemical cleaning of equipment made of glass, glass pipes and fittings for them; methods for degreasing parts and oxygen pipeline pipes; types of pipeline parts, gaskets and packings; fittings device; device and rules for using the rigging equipment used; rules for installing pipelines made of glass pipes with a diameter of up to 25 mm; pipe slinging methods; rules for handling and transporting gas cylinders; types of supports used for laying pipelines.

§ 249. Installer of technological pipelines of the 4th category

Characteristics of work. Installation of pipelines with a diameter of up to 200 mm for a nominal pressure of up to 4 MPa (40 kgf/cm2) with installation of fittings. Conducting hydraulic and pneumatic testing of installed pipelines. Installation of hydraulic and electric valve drives. Beading, beading and joining for welding of pipes made of polyethylene, vinyl plastic, aluminum, copper and brass. Installation and testing of pipelines made of glass pipes with a diameter of over 25 to 40 mm. Installation of glass fittings and shut-off valves. Cutting glass pipes on a machine. Cleaning of welded seams for anti-corrosion coatings. Welding of polyethylene and vinyl plastic pipes. On-site production of parts for pipeline elements made of glass, polyethylene, spirally reinforced from polyvinyl chloride, vinyl plastic, aluminum, copper and brass.

Must know: properties of metals; rules for laying and conducting hydraulic and pneumatic testing of pipelines with a diameter of up to 200 mm for a nominal pressure of up to 4 MPa (40 kgf/cm2); rules for installing pipelines made of glass pipes with a diameter of over 25 to 40 mm; rules for testing pipelines made of glass pipes; rules for slinging pipe assemblies and blocks; methods of giving signals when installing pipelines with cranes; tolerances when preparing joints for welding; permissible gaps and types of edges when preparing pipes for welding; methods for installing non-metallic pipelines.

§ 250. Installer of process pipelines of the 5th category

Characteristics of work. Marking places for laying pipelines. Installation of fittings, tees and sectional bends. Joining of pipes with a diameter of over 200 to 1200 mm with flanges. Installation of pipelines with a diameter of up to 200 mm for a nominal pressure of over 4 to 9.8 MPa (40 to 100 kgf/cm2) with installation of fittings. Installation of pipelines with a diameter of over 200 to 400 mm for a nominal pressure of up to 4 MPa (40 kgf/cm2) with the installation of fittings. Installation of U-shaped, gland and lens compensators with a diameter of up to 400 mm. Installation of benchmarks for measuring thermal expansion and metal creep. Assembly of rubberized, plastic pipelines. Installation and testing of pipelines made of glass pipes with a diameter of over 40 mm. Carrying out installation work using rigging equipment. Installation of hydraulic and electric valve drives.

Must know: rules for laying pipelines with a diameter of up to 200 mm for a nominal pressure of over 4 to 9.8 MPa (40 to 100 kgf/cm2), types of supports and fastenings for them; types of compensators and rules for their installation; rules for conducting hydraulic and pneumatic testing of pipelines; rules for using rigging equipment when performing installation work; rules for installing pipelines made of glass pipes with a diameter of over 40 mm; installation rules and technical requirements for pipelines for nominal pressure up to 9.8 MPa (100 kgf/cm2).

§ 251. Installer of process pipelines of the 6th category

Characteristics of work. Installation of U-shaped, stuffing box and lens compensators with a diameter of over 400 mm. Carrying out measurements of the laying of process pipelines at the installation site, drawing up sketches for the preparation and laying of pipelines. Installation of remote valve drives. Installation of pipelines with a diameter of over 200 to 600 mm for a nominal pressure of over 4 to 9.8 MPa (40 to 100 kgf/cm2) with installation of equipment. Installation of pipelines with a diameter of over 600 mm, regardless of pressure, with installation of fittings. Installation of pipelines for nominal pressure over 9.8 MPa (100 kgf/cm2) regardless of diameter with installation of fittings. Installation of fittings with a diameter of over 600 mm, regardless of pressure, or for a nominal pressure of over 9.8 MPa (100 kgf/cm2), regardless of diameter. Installation of glass vacuum, evaporation, circulation devices, etc.

Must know: types of flange connections on special gaskets (lens, metal, etc.) and special coupling connections (ball on cone); rules for laying pipelines for nominal pressure over 9.8 MPa (100 kgf/cm2); methods for taking measurements of pipeline laying sites and rules for making sketches of parts; methods of installing pipelines in blocks; rules for installing pipelines made of alloy steels; installation rules and technical requirements for pipelines for nominal pressure over 9.8 MPa (100 kgf/cm2); installation rules for installed glass devices.

§ 252. Installer of process pipelines of the 7th category

Characteristics of work. Carrying out complex work with strict standards for assessing the quality of work during the installation of pipelines for active circuits of nuclear power plants and main steam pipelines. Installation of pipelines made of corrosion-resistant steels of the austenitic class. Installation of pipelines made of clad steel. Assembly of butt joints with different wall thicknesses. Installation of pipelines in large blocks. Performing cold tensions. Piping of control panels and equipment according to drawings and models. Installation of steam pipelines at steam temperatures of 450 °C and above. Performing steam purges.

Must know: rules for the installation of process pipelines at nuclear power plants, main steam pipelines, pipelines made of clad steel; methods for installing pipelines with large-sized blocks; rules for laying out the route for laying pipeline axes according to drawings and models; methods for performing steam blowing.

Secondary vocational education required.

A. A Persion K. A. Garus,

laureates of the State Prize of the Ukrainian SSR

Reference data on the manufacture and installation of pipelines for various purposes (technological, water supply, sewerage, etc.) is provided. A brief description and technical characteristics of equipment and special devices used in the manufacture of sections, assemblies of steel pipelines, welded and molded parts of plastic pipelines, cleaning, priming, anti-corrosion insulation of pipes and installation of pipeline systems are given. Regulatory materials are given as of January 1, 1987.

For workers and foremen involved in pipeline installation.

Reviewers: engineers A. M. Meged, B. E. Aizin

Editorial office of literature on special and installation works in construction

Head edited by S. I. Sotnichenko

PREFACE

The main task of capital construction in the XII Five-Year Plan is the creation and accelerated renewal of fixed assets of the national economy, intended for the development of social production and solving social issues, and a radical increase in the efficiency of construction production.

For its successful implementation, the Main Directions of Economic and Social Development of the USSR for 1986-1990 and the period until 2000 provide: “Consistently carry out further industrialization of construction production, turning it into a single process of constructing objects from factory-made elements. Go to a complete supply of engineering and technological equipment to construction sites in enlarged blocks... Reduce the amount of work performed manually by approximately 25 percent.”1

Resolutions of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR “On further improvement of management of the country’s construction complex” and “On measures to improve the economic mechanism in capital construction” plan to implement a number of effective measures to actually shorten the investment cycle, improve the quality of work, and significantly increase the productivity of builders through comprehensive mechanization and industrialization of construction processes, widespread introduction into practice of effective products and materials.

The restructuring of the country's construction complex is aimed at accelerating the commissioning of production capacities based on the widespread introduction of scientific and technological achievements into practice.

To industrialize the construction of pipelines for various purposes, construction and installation organizations of the Ukrainian SSR are constructing new ones, reconstructing and technically updating existing pipe production shops. They install advanced equipment for cutting pipes, assembling units and sections, mechanized welding, quality control of welds, etc.

The use of ready-made units and sections, centrally manufactured in pipe procurement shops, makes it possible to simplify the technology and organization of pipeline installation and reduce the volume of labor-intensive work performed at the construction site by 2.5-3 times.

The directory systematizes the progressive developments of research and design institutes, production organizations in the field of manufacturing and installation of pipelines for various purposes, in particular the Institute of Electric Welding named after. E. O. Patoia Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, VNII-moitazhepetsstroy, Giproieftespetsmontazh, All-Union Institute of Welding Production.

Chapters 1-12 were written by A. A. Persioi, chapter 13 by K. A. Garus.