Download the division of words into syllables for a preschooler. We teach children to divide words into syllables educational and methodological material on speech therapy (senior, preparatory group) on the topic

Speak in sentences, clearly express your desires, conduct a simple dialogue.
Know letters, it is desirable to recognize vowels and consonants.
Be able to count to at least 5.
Know the spatial concepts of "right" and "left".

If your child has speech impairments, you should definitely consult with a speech therapist. The specialist will indicate which classes to pay special attention to in order to avoid problems in the future associated with violations of the syllabic structure of words.

The division of words into syllables begins before learning to read by syllables. First, children are introduced to the concept of "word". Each item has its own name. Children practice naming different words. Then a graphic designation of the word is introduced in the form of a bar or a rectangle. When children master syllables, they are separated by dashes in accordance with the number. The word is divided into vowels and consonants, as well as a stressed syllable.

Syllables are open and closed. Open ones look like consonant + vowel, closed ones look like vowel + consonant. Children can explain it this way:

“Out in the open air freely: MAAA, LOOO, NUUU. We seem to be breathing. In a closed air meets an obstacle - lips, tongue or teeth. Therefore, it abruptly breaks off, as if closing, - AM, OH, IL.

When explaining the principle of division into syllables, the technique of substituting the palm under the chin is used. How many times the chin falls, so many syllables in the word.

Confident reading children can determine the number of syllables by the number of vowels.

Why divide words into syllables

Dividing words into syllables makes it easier to learn to read. Even adults, when they come across an unfamiliar word, mentally read it syllable by syllable. Dividing words into syllables for preschoolers is a way to better understand the phonetic structure of speech. This skill will help you to do phonetic analysis words in Russian lessons.

The division into syllables is also needed in Russian lessons in the topic "Word Transfer". Children who have poorly learned syllables encounter errors when they leave consonants on a line.

A syllable can consist of a vowel or a vowel and one or more consonants.

To teach a child to divide into syllables, you need to use visual methods: cards with syllables, didactic games and simulators.

Preschoolers love activities with cartoon characters and fairy tale characters. If the tasks are given not by the parent, but by Peppa Pig, the classes will be livelier.

Division into syllables for preschoolers

Cards with syllables

It is convenient to use a large cash register of syllables. The necessary letters are inserted into the pockets, resulting in syllables. Cards can be purchased as a set, or you can make your own. Of particular interest to the baby will be cards made jointly. The division of a word into syllables for preschoolers is easier to digest if it is competent and interesting to organize classes.

Exercises with cards

1. An adult shows the syllable BA, invites the child to read and answer the question whether it is a word. It's not a word because it doesn't mean anything. Then the syllable RAS is taken. They also read it and find out that this construction is not a word. Next, the adult puts the syllables BA and RAS next to each other. The kid reads the syllables, and the word "ram" is obtained. It is useful to supplement the task with an appropriate picture.

2. The child is given an odd number of syllables on the cards - so that at least four of them can be combined into words. Start with five cards. Example - NOT, BO, KOSH, KA, RU. First, the preschooler reads the syllables. Then the adult takes the syllable with which any of the words begins, and offers to pick up the syllable of the “lost friend”.

3. An adult prepares a few words in advance. He calls the beginning of the word, the child must find the continuation on the cards. You need to start with two or three syllables so that the baby does not get confused. Reverse option- the adult shows the syllable on the card, and the preschooler thinks out the ending.

4. An adult lays out two words using syllables, and the syllables are mixed up: KOSH-BA, RY-KA. The child is invited to return the “lost” syllables to their own words.

Didactic games

1. An adult writes syllables, short words and consonant combinations on a piece of paper (PRS, PA, CAT, KI, KIT, KOSH, etc.). The kid is invited to find the syllables and paint them over with a green pencil. To diversify the game, you can offer to find words.

2. Playing with a ball. An adult calls the syllable - RU - and throws the ball. The child catches and invents a sequel.

3. Write words on strips of paper. The preschooler reads them, then, together with the adult, divides them into syllables. After the word is cut with scissors into syllables. A variant of the task is to assemble the words back from the chopped syllables.

4. Slapping syllables. This is a well-known and effective method for teaching syllable division. For each syllable, you need to clap your hands or stomp your foot. For active children, you can divide words into syllables using jumps. A favorite toy or ball can also jump.

5. An adult calls a word from one syllable: cat, catfish, ball, leaf. The child must name the word in a diminutive form: cat, ball, leaf. In this case, you need to determine the number of syllables in a word using the palm under the chin or clapping.

Games on the syllabic structure of a word for children are of increased interest and contribute to the consolidation of the material.

simulators

There are programs adapted for preschoolers and junior schoolchildren, to practice the skill of dividing into syllables. They can be purchased in stores, some download. The simplest ones can be used online.

Tasks in simulators are usually similar to exercises with cards. You can move the syllables with the mouse, make words out of them, choose between a syllable and a word, etc.

It is better not to use simulators on initial stage learning. It is more appropriate to include them in classes when the child clearly understands the principle of division into syllables.

Children really like interactive tasks on the computer. Many modern school textbooks equipped with a task disk. You can take from there simple exercises that are feasible for preschoolers.

The simulator "We divide words into syllables for children" will help diversify classes with a preschooler and consolidate the knowledge gained.

Rules for division into syllables

The education system has changed a lot last years. There were other requirements for the school curriculum.

The rules for dividing words into syllables have changed somewhat since the modern parents of the 80s and 90s were born in elementary school.

1. A syllable begins with a consonant sound if it contains several letters. Examples: CAR-TI-NA, TVO-ROG, SUB-STAV-KA. The exception is the letter Y. It belongs to the previous syllable: RAY-ON, REI-KA, MAY-KA.

2. Voiced sonorant consonants and Y refer to the first syllable when dividing: GAL-KA, SKAL-KA, TUM-BA.

3. Deaf, voiced non-sonorous and hissing sounds belong to the second syllable: SHA-PKA, SHI-SHKA, MI-SHKA.

4. Double consonants pass into the second syllable: TOR-GEST-VE-NNY, LONG, A-KKU-RAT-NY. However, for the transfer, the old division rule was preserved: CEREMONIAL, LONG, AK-KURATNY.

Preschoolers who are learning to read do not need to be taught these rules in detail.

An adult must know these rules himself and correct the child if he is mistaken. Children will remember most of the words and will automatically divide them correctly. At school, in the appropriate lessons, the teacher will explain the rules for dividing into syllables.

Regular exercises at home combined with classes in kindergarten facilitate schooling in the future.

A syllable is the smallest pronunciation unit in Russian. It may consist of one or more sounds.

School pupils and students of philological areas often face tasks from the category: "Divide words into syllables." It would seem that to cope with such a task is very easy. However, people often have a question: “How to properly divide words into syllables?”.

In the article you will find the answer to this question. Get acquainted with the basic rules and learn the words into syllables.

Difficulties of the syllable

Usually there are no problems with breaking into syllables simple words. Any of us will be able to cope with the syllable division of the noun "water". But how to divide a word into syllables if it is complex in its composition?

Take, for example, the participle "considered." How to correctly draw a syllable section: “ras-smo-tri-ny”, “ra-smo-tri-ny”, “ra-smo-tri-ny”? The correct answer is the third option, but why? In order to understand, let's get acquainted with the basic rules for dividing a word into syllables.

Basic rules of the syllable division

The first thing to remember is that the number of syllables in a word is equal to the sum of the vowels that make up it. The boundaries of a syllable section often do not coincide with morpheme division, therefore, when parsing, it is necessary to rely on the following rules:

vowel sounds are syllable-forming in Russian;
a syllable cannot contain more than one vowel;
a syllable may consist of a single vowel sound (o-vod) or a combination of vowels and consonants. A syllable consisting of two or more sounds always begins with a consonant;
all syllables in Russian strive for openness.

Open and closed syllables

In order to determine how to divide a word into syllables correctly, it is necessary to be able to distinguish them by type. All syllables in modern Russian are divided into two types: open and closed.

An open syllable always ends in (pro-vo-yes, go-lo-va, pe-le-na). It can occur at the beginning, middle, or end of a word.

A closed syllable ends in a consonant. Most often it appears at the end of a word (bow, smog, famine). Also closed syllable can be formed if in the middle of the word is (strength-ki, wolf-ki, tank-ki).

If a group of several consonants occurs in the middle of a word, they usually go to the beginning of the syllable, leaving the previous one open (di-who-background, on-call-ni-e, re-da-kti-ro-va-ni-e).

Features of the syllable section

The syllable division in Russian obeys not only the law of an open syllable, but also the law of ascending sonority. The bottom line is that the syllables in the word are arranged in ascending order: from less sonorous to more. Several rules follow from this. They will tell you how to properly divide words into syllables:

If a consonant is found in a word that stands between two vowels, it goes to the next syllable (that-pot, pu-le-met, you-water, and-ko-na, ka-li-na);
The combination of several noisy ones (all consonants except sonorants) is referred to the next syllable (e-zda, ru-chka, mo-li-tva, ka-li-tka);
A group of noisy and sonorous consonants is ranked as the second syllable in turn (important, so-pro-ti-vle-ni-e, o-smy-follow-ni-e);
Several sonorant consonants that stand between vowels in one word are assigned to the next syllable (a-lmaz, a-rmi-ya, in my opinion);
In combinations of sonorous and noisy between vowels, the first sound goes to the syllable in front of it (impossible, half-ka, mink, mer-tsa-ni-e, thief-si-nka);
Repeating consonants go to the syllable following them (in-burn, Rossi-ya, ko-lo-nna, a-lle-ya);
If a word contains "y" before a sonorant or noisy one, it is assigned to the previous syllable (my-va, lei-ka, ka-na-rei-ka, te-lo-grey-ka).

Remembering these rules is not difficult, but they will help you easily determine how to divide a word into syllables correctly.

Algorithm for executing a syllable section

We have analyzed a theory that will help us divide words into syllables. Now let's move on to the practical part. To successfully determine how many syllables are in a word, a simple plan will help us:

Write the word given in the task on a separate sheet.
Determine how many vowels are included in its composition.
Draw an initial syllable section after each vowel.
See if there are difficult places in the word: groups of consonants, sonorants or doubled sounds.
If there is, change the syllable boundary according to the rules.

It should be remembered that syllable hyphenation and syllable division are not equal to each other. is carried out on the basis of the morphemic We cannot separate the letter from the prefix or suffix.

Dividing a word into syllables allows you to split whole morphemes into parts in accordance with the rules of the syllable section. For example, consider the verb "raise". For transfer, it will be divided as follows: “under-no-mother”. The division into syllables will be different: “by-days-mother”.

by syllables

Now many mothers are trying to teach their child to read as early as possible. One of the most effective ways in this case is reading by syllables. You can’t explain to a kid how to divide a word into syllables using complex rules. Therefore, game methods are used.

You can start working with your child from the age of one. Exercises aimed at developing reading skills help improve memory and develop abstract thinking. They teach the child to think logically, to compare. In addition, classes can be turned into a fun game.

First, learn the alphabet with your child. This will help books with bright pictures, cubes. Boards on which you can fix multi-colored letters.

Then explain that there are vowels and the vowels are long and loud. Consonants are short and dull. Tell your baby that the stressed syllable lasts the longest.

Say a few simple words out loud and ask your child to identify which sound is stressed. Choose nouns that your child is familiar with. Words suitable for training: "soap", "water", "hand", "leg", "face", "body".

Explain that the number of vowels corresponds to the number of syllables. If the child already knows how to count, try with him to find out how many vowels are in these words: "carrot", "onion", "plate", "cabbage", "toy", "TV".

Having introduced the child to the basics, proceed to the game exercises.

Make cards with syllables for each consonant of the alphabet. In order to systematize the technique, place the combinations of consonants and vowels in the same order on each card. For example: "ma, me, we, mi, mo, me, mu, mu."

Give the child a card, have him look at the syllables while you read them out loud, and repeat. This exercise will help develop visual memory. Over time, the child will be able to recognize the syllables and pronounce them without your help.

Make signs on which combinations of letters will be written. Ask the child to make a word out of them and read it. To begin with, offer him cards with the syllables "ma", "pa". Let the kid make up the words he knows well: “mom” and “dad”.

Try to come up with different games for the baby to stir up interest. For example, invite him to send one letter to visit another and see what happens.

Going from simple to complex

When the child has mastered the basics, begin to complicate the tasks. At the same time, continue to conduct classes in a playful way.

Give your child a few words that differ in only one letter. Let him determine what is the difference between them. For example, the words: "soap" and "cute", "house" and "smoke".

Choose a dozen words that have two syllables. Each syllable will require one card. Shuffle the papers and ask the child to make words out of them. Suitable nouns "frame", "mother", "dad", "cottage", "hand", "leg", "face", "soap", "body", "meat".

Teach your child to hyphenate. To do this, write down a few two-syllable words on a piece of paper in a column. Have the child draw a line after each vowel and then say it out loud, pausing briefly at the syllable section.

Take two sheets with the same text. Let it be a fairy tale or a small nursery rhyme. Ask your child to follow the words as you read. After a while, pause and ask the child where you left off.

Read with baby little fairy tales by roles.

For activities of any kind, choose funny children's texts that arouse the interest of the child. It can be poems, fairy tales, small articles about animals. Ask them to retell what they have read. This will help develop the memory and speech of the baby.

Before starting classes, make sure that your child is ready to learn. He has formed speech, he can make up short stories. No pronunciation defects.

Start simple, gradually move on to complex. At each new lesson, repeat the material of the previous one.

Stick to game play. It will help you instill in your child a love of reading and a desire to learn.

Start learning syllables with the simplest combinations. Use words that are familiar to the child. Gradually increase the difficulty of your workouts.

Don't expect quick results from your child. He will learn to read gradually. First, let him learn one-syllable and two-syllable words. Pick up tasks with them until the baby begins to cope with "excellent".

When you are done with easy words, try to practice reading whole sentences by syllables. Gradually increase your reading.

The simple tips in this article will help you to easily and effectively teach your child to read by syllables. At the same time, the baby will spend time with pleasure, performing game tasks.

In addition to reading skills, memory, attentiveness, logical and abstract thinking, will expand the horizons of the child.

Identifying syllables in words is an important step in learning to read. To teach a child to correctly divide words into syllables, and then add whole words from various syllables, it is necessary to find the right approach and choose the right set of exercises. There are methods to introduce preschoolers to reading and syllable division at home. Starting classes with early age, you will greatly facilitate the work of your child in the future, when it comes time to go to school.

Stages of learning to read

In order for the development of the material to be easy and effective, it is worth knowing the main stages of learning to read. Haste and untimeliness in this matter will not lead to quick results, but rather discourage the desire to learn from the child for a long time. It is also important to know what place syllable division plays in teaching reading.

Consider the following steps:

sound (acquisition of skills to distinguish sounds in a word and name them);
alphabetic (learning letters);
syllable division (dividing words into syllables, identifying syllables by ear, adding them into words);
reading words individually, in phrases and sentences.

The most important sign that a child is ready to start learning to read is his interest in letters and words. “What is this letter?”, “How to write it?”, “What is this word?” - all these questions signal that it is time to start active reading.

Reading Teaching Methods

There are five popular methods.

Sound-letter, or the Elkonin method. This is enough a complex system, targeted at ages 6-7, therefore not suitable for preschoolers.
Traditional speech therapy. According to this system, N. S. Zhukova's primer was compiled. A combination of classic and modern technologies learning is popular in schools. Children should be brought to this method gradually by the age of 6 in order to simplify schooling.
Doman method. Glenn Doman is a neuroscientist. He developed a system for teaching reading to mentally retarded children. On the this moment this system is also used with healthy children in the early stages of development. The method is to show the child words written in bright red letters and repeat them several times a day. Thus, visual memory develops, letters and words are remembered.
Zaitsev's method. It is based on the addition of ready-made syllables written on cubes. Suitable for preschoolers. The method is popular, but not officially used in schools.
Montessori system. Children first learn to write letters using frames and special inserts, and then learn the letters themselves and the corresponding sounds.

In the Doman method, whole words are studied at once, and in Zaitsev, syllables plus words, so if you choose these methods, the stage of learning syllable division merges with the letter stage. When your child knows the names of some letters and sounds and he will have a good vocabulary, you can connect the following exercises to your classes.

Complex of games and exercises

Taking into account the existing stages and methods of teaching reading, you form the entire studying proccess. After the child has learned the letters and sounds, you can begin to teach the child to read by syllables. It is best to conduct classes in a playful way - this way the preschooler will be more comfortable, moreover, this will increase interest in reading in general.

So, what games can be used in the learning process?

The game "How many syllables - so many steps!". To begin with, it is worth teaching the child to hear syllables in words and pronounce them. You need to explain to him that in a word the number of syllables equals the number of vowels (you can remind him that vowels are sounds that “can sing”, and sing these sounds with him). Start this game with simple words with one or two vowels, preferably repeated: mom, dad, Sasha, hall, garden; table, yard, milk, etc. When you repeat all the vowels separately, gradually complicate the game, including words with different sounds: summer, Vova, heaven, Luntik, etc.
"Walkers". It is pointless for children of 5 years old to explain the rules for attaching sonorous sounds to syllables, as well as transferring consonant letters to other consonants, as in the word no-ski. Use games with memorizing specific syllables. Draw a poster with a map of a fictitious city. At each station, in a frame, draw syllables with a bright felt-tip pen, start with simple ones: at station 1 - MI, at station 2 - SHA, at station 3 - DE, at station 4 - YES. Give your child a car and travel around the city with him. Ask him to name syllables, for each correct answer, give a chip. Reward for completing the entire game with a medal. Make several of these posters with different stations and syllables.
"Magnets". An effective game if you set out to teach your child to syllable not only simple, but also complex words. Get letter magnets, attach them to the refrigerator or magnetic board. Together with your child, make up a few words every day using syllables from magnets. It could be some kind of code to get an extra 10 minutes of watching the cartoon. Or the trick "divide the word BA-NAN into syllables and get a banana." Make up a compound word, for example, the surname - ALEKSEEVA. And ask the child to divide it into syllables. Help if he fails.
"House-man-vegetable". Cut out several houses and glue to whatman paper. Each house will have a name, such as MA or TO. Cut out the little men and give each a name that begins with the syllable that the houses are called (Masha and Tom). Ask the child to correctly connect the person and the house according to the first syllable. Then Masha and Toma will go to the store and buy fruits or vegetables there that begin with the syllables “ma” and “to” (tangerines, tomatoes). Cut out or draw a shop with various products.
"Write in the sand." Learning to write letters on a multi-colored semolina. Children like to draw in the sand, you can buy multi-colored sand in the store, or color the semolina, put it on a tray and show the child how to write various letters and syllables. It develops fine motor skills and creativity.
"Combine syllables into words." You can gradually move to more difficult exercises. Write the syllables on the cards and ask them to make a word. Suggest short words first, then long ones. Make a pyramid of words: at the top is the shortest word, and at the bottom is the longest.
"I'm following." Write words on A4 sheets, distribute the sheets throughout the apartment, and put a prize at the finish line (toy, ticket for attractions), ask the child to follow in the footsteps. Stepping on each, he needs to name the word by syllables. You can also write separate syllables so that with each step the child gets a new word. By doing this simple but interesting exercise, the child will learn how to connect syllables.
"Find another word in the word." I dined (lunch, gave), GARDEN (city, clan), etc.
Texts for reading to preschoolers. Small texts by which the child can begin to read syllables in words. Use rhyming texts and tongue twisters (“Mom washed the frame”, “We have fun in the countryside”). First, the child must memorize the whole phrase, and then divide it into syllables.

Remember: the game is an optional activity, so do not force the child to do what he does not want, but rather motivate him or reschedule the lesson for another time. The more colorful the game is designed, the longer the preschooler will be occupied with it, and the better the results will be.

Lilia Bondarenko

Educational didactic game« Divide words into syllables»

Didactic Games have a huge impact on children's language development. Commenting on your actions - contributes to the improvement of colloquial speech, enrichment dictionary, formation grammatical structure speeches, etc.

To work on literacy education, a constant search is necessary effective methods and aids that promote the development of sound and syllabic word analysis. To increase children's interest in skill development syllabic word analysis, created a manual " Divide words into syllables".

Relevance: among a variety of speech disorders in children preschool age, one of the most common and representing a significant difficulty for corrective work is a violation syllable structure of words. Game - simulator« Divide words into syllables» designed to develop and develop skills divide words into syllables.

Target: prevention and overcoming violations syllable structure of words in preschoolers.

Tasks: skill development divide words into syllables; development of stability of attention, methods of analysis, self-control, fine motor skills and positive attitude to learning activities.

The game- the simulator can be used in frontal, individual remedial classes.

Efficiency and practical significance: tasks are playful, entertaining in nature, designed taking into account age features older preschool children. Simultaneously with the execution game tasks, by the action of division itself words into syllables preschoolers learn ways to control the correctness of their actions.

Material: cards - subject pictures with diagrams syllabic structure.

Game actions: to diagrams syllabic structure(one two Three syllable) children choose suitable subject pictures, check aloud the number syllables and connect the picture with the desired scheme. The one who completes the task first will win.

Related publications:

"Syllables". Formation of children's speech skills through the use of didactic games in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard before"Formation of children's speech skills through the use of didactic games in accordance with GEF DO "SENIOR GROUP April 1 week.

Title: "Game of moods" Age: children 4-7 years old Purpose: development of communication skills and emotional-volitional sphere of children Age: children.

Explanatory note. Purpose of the game: to consolidate counting skills within ten. Tasks: to consolidate the ability to compare numbers within ten.

Summary of the lesson on teaching literacy “Dividing words into syllables. Accent" Summary of a lesson on teaching literacy. Topic: Dividing words into syllables. stress. The purpose of the lesson: to teach students to divide words into syllables; form.

Didactic game "Collect the words and guess the riddle" Didactic game "Collect the words and guess the riddle" Purpose: development of skills in folding words from letters, reading skills, development of thinking skills.

Synopsis of OOD “Sounds [w] - [g]. Letters Sh - Zh. Syllables SHI - ZHI " Tasks: correctional and educational: Clarify and compare the articulation and sounding of the sounds [w] and [g]. Develop sound letter skills.

Teaching children to divide words into syllables is a very important task for adults. Possession of such a skill will be useful to a first grader in mastering school literacy. For children attending a speech therapy group, this is an even more important task! As you know, preschool children with speech pathology have serious violations in the syllabic structure of words. Children cannot reproduce words with a complex syllabic structure, rearrange, replace, skip sounds and syllables, for example: “snegiik” (“snowman”), “visiped” (“bicycle”), etc. The skill of dividing words into syllables will help the child cope with this problem and will help improve diction.

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"Teaching children to divide words into syllables"

How to divide words into syllables?

1 rule: the child puts the back of the hand to the chin from below.

Rule 2: the child slowly pronounces the word, diligently pronouncing the vowels.

3rd rule: when pronouncing, the child counts how many times his mouth opened (and his chin rested on his palm). The count can be done by unbending or bending the fingers, as it is more convenient.

4th rule: the child concludes, for example: “In the word“ drum ”three syllable."

! When the child learns the concept of “vowel sound”, it is important for him to remember the following rule: “How many vowels in a word, the same number of syllables.

RULES OF THE GAME:

Using the palm under the chin, determine how many syllables are in the name of the toy.
Select the correct syllabic scheme, and delete the excess with a mouse click. The correct scheme will not be deleted!

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

game - presentation "We divide words into syllables"

A funny little train helps the child determine the number of syllables in a word. A picture appears on the screen, the child clicks on the trailer with the required number of windows (syllables). if the choice is right...

The game "Divide words into syllables" (topic: "Animals of hot countries")

Using the hand under the chin (palm down), determine how many syllables are in the name of the animal. How many times the mouth opens (the chin rests on the hand), so many syllables in the word. Mouth open...

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