The image of a Russian woman. In Nekrasov's poem “Who Lives Well in Russia”, fuller and brighter than in other works, the main character of the great poet's work, the people, appears. Here Nekrasov draws various types of peasants, comprehensively shows their life - both in grief and in “happiness”.
One of the most striking in the poem is the image of Matrena Timofeevna, a typical Russian peasant woman, an image that embodies the features of all women of Mother Russia with their difficult and sometimes tragic fate, but who managed to preserve their natural mind, kindness, love for their neighbors.
The images of peasant women, bred by Nekrasov in works written before the poem “Who Lives Well in Russia”, are incomparable with the image of Matrena Timofeevna. If earlier the poet portrayed a peasant woman as patient, downtrodden (“you are all the embodiment of fear, you are all the age-old languor”), submissive (“submit to the grave to the slave”), now he seeks to show the birth in a Russian woman of anger, protest against inhuman conditions , the desire to get rid of humility and humility.
Matrena Timofeevna appears before us in all her grandeur: she is “severe and swarthy”, “a portly woman, broad and thick, about thirty-eight years old.” Nekrasov describes the beauty of Matrena Timofeevna with warmth and love: “... hair with gray hair, eyes large, strict, richest eyelashes ...”
A peasant woman tells the wanderers a deeply moving tale of her life. Her family “was good”, non-drinkers, everyone loved her, groomed and spoiled her. The girl grew up cheerful and hardworking, she loved nature, did not know trouble and grief.
But after the marriage of Matryona, fate turned away from her. Matryona's path was hard: the new family did not like her, everyone strove to offend her, fill her with work, and her husband did not indulge. But then she gave birth to a son, Demushka, who drove “all the anger from the soul” of the mother. Matrona calmed down: “Whatever they tell me, I work, no matter how they scold me, I keep silent.”
But trouble does not come alone. Beloved Demushka died, parents and grandfather Savely died - a man spiritually close to Matryona, her husband was almost taken into the army.
Matryona did not remain a soldier, pride woke up in her, anger and resentment at such injustice. With her own strength, the peasant woman achieved the return of her husband Philip, did not submit to fate.
After a story about the most difficult trials she endured in life, Matrena Timofeevna confesses to wanderers: “I have a downcast head, I carry an angry heart ...”
Matrena Timofeevna is a worthy granddaughter of grandfather Savely, in courage and vitality she is in no way inferior to him. She does not tolerate, but acts, seeks and finds a way out of the most difficult situations. The character of this woman is a new type in the depiction of the peasantry. And although not all vices have yet been exterminated, new character traits that were not previously characteristic of the people are already appearing here. A type of peasant rebel, fighter and patriot appears.
I believe that the image of Matrena Timofeevna deepens the understanding of the life of ordinary people, shows their development, initial fearlessness and courage, combined with kindness, affection, selflessness.
The image of Matrena Timofeevna is in many ways a new type of Russian peasant woman.
Russian woman in the poem by N. A. Nekrasov “Who should live well in Russia”
Share you! - Russian woman's share!
Hardly harder to find.
N. A. Nekrasov
WITH early years I fell in love with the poetry of N. A. Nekrasov. He served "the great purposes of the age" all his life. His muse is the sister of the destitute. Especially dear to me are poems dedicated to the hopelessness of the lot of a Russian peasant woman. It seems to me that these are the best poems of the poet, speaking about the bitter, long-suffering fate of a working woman.
No wonder you wither before the time
All-enduring Russian tribe
Long-suffering mother!
The image of a woman-worker, "sufferer, sadness", created by the poet, forever sinks into the soul. A peasant woman experienced not only social oppression, but also domestic. Here is how the poet writes about this in the poem "Frost, Red Nose": Three heavy shares had fate. And the first share: to marry a slave, the second - to be the mother of the son of a slave, and the third - to obey the slave to the grave,
In the gallery of wonderful female images, a special place is occupied by the image of Matryona Timofeevna - the heroine of the poem "Who Lives Well in Russia". Popular rumor leads peasants-truth-seekers to the village of Klin. Here they hope to meet a happy peasant woman. Matrena Timofeevna herself tells them about her difficult life. How much severe suffering befell this "happy" woman! But such beauty and strength emanates from her whole appearance that it is impossible not to admire her. As she reminds me of the "type of majestic Slav", about whom the poet wrote with delight: In trouble he will not be afraid - he will save, He will stop the galloping Horse, He will enter the burning hut! natural beauty and physical strength to match her spiritual beauty. How quickly the happy years of childhood and girlhood flashed by. Matrena Timofeevna, according to her, was lucky in girlhood: I was lucky in girls: We had a good, non-drinking family. The family surrounded their beloved daughter with care and affection. However, the time of serene childhood quickly passed. In the "seventh year", says Matrena Timofeevna, "she herself ... ran to the herd for a dumpling, brought breakfast to her father, grazed the ducklings." So she "got used" to the matter, that for the rest of her life she busied herself tirelessly. But physical labor did not bring grief to Matryona Timofeevna. The worst thing is spiritual slavery. Matryona Timofeevna, having worked out in the field, will wash herself in a bathhouse and is ready to sing and dance: And a good worker, And a hunter to sing and dance I was from my youth. But how few bright moments in her life! One of them is an engagement to his beloved Filippushka. Matryona did not sleep all night, thinking about the upcoming marriage: she was afraid of "bondage". And yet love turned out to be stronger than fears of falling into slavery. And then, after marriage, she got "from a girl's will to hell." "Exhausting work", "mortal insults", severe misfortunes with children, separation from her husband, who was illegally recruited, and many other hardships - such is the bitter life path Matryona Timofeevna. With pain she says about what is in her:
No broken bone
There is no stretched vein.
I am amazed at the steadfastness, the courage with which this wonderful woman endured suffering without bowing her proud head. Your heart bleeds when you read the lines of the poem about the inconsolable grief of a mother who lost her first-born son Demushka: . The mind is ready to be clouded by a terrible misfortune. But the enormous spiritual strength helps Matryona Timofeevna to endure, return to life again and actively fight all the hardships of life. She sends angry curses to her enemies, the camper and the healer, who torment the "white body" of her son: "Villains! Executioners!" Matryona Timofeevna wants to find justice for them, but her fellow villagers do not advise her to enter into a fight with them: "God is high, the tsar is far ... We cannot find the truth." When misfortune befalls her second son, she decisively knocks down the elder Silantius, saving Fedotushka from punishment. Matryona Timofeevna is ready to endure any trials, inhuman torments in order to defend her children, her husband from everyday troubles. What tremendous willpower a woman must have to go alone on a frosty winter night dozens of miles away to a provincial town in search of the truth. “I walked all night, I didn’t meet a living soul,” Matrena Timofeevna tells the wanderers. Boundless is her love for her husband, which has withstood such a severe test. The governor, amazed by her selfless act, showed "great mercy": They sent a messenger to Klin, They found out the whole truth - Filippushka was saved. Self-esteem, which manifested itself in Matrena Timofeevna in her girlhood, helps her to go majestically through life. This feeling protects her from the impudent claims of Sitnikov, who seeks to make her his mistress. A cloud thickens in her soul anger against the enslavers. She is ready to avenge them for her grievances, I have a downcast head, I carry an angry heart! she says. When grandfather Savely teaches his beloved granddaughter to endure, declaring that the heroism of a peasant is in his endurance, Matrena Timofeevna remarks with irony: You are joking, grandfather! - Such a mighty hero, Guy, the mice will bite! Enormous inner strength, hatred for oppressors and the ability to protest - these are the wonderful qualities that distinguish Matryona Timofeevna. The image of Matrena Timofeevna is very close, understandable and dear to me. People like her testified to what a heroic, invincible power is hidden in the people's soul.
The poet believes that the Power of the people, the mighty Power - The conscience is calm - The truth is tenacious! Nekrasov is convinced of the mighty moral strength of the people. He believes that "the keys to women's happiness", "abandoned and lost from God himself", will be found. This belief proved to be prophetic. Our people, as the poet dreamed, entered the "broad and clear" road of life. The poet was right, arguing that "the Russian people do not need limits." Send an application with an indication of the topic right now to find out about the possibility of obtaining a consultation.
The image of a Russian woman, her fate occupy a special place in Nekrasov's poetry. A woman is always the main bearer of life, the embodiment of its fullness and diversity. In the poem "To whom in Russia to live well-sho" comprehension female share the largest of all chapters - "Peasant Woman" - is assigned. The image of Matrena Timofeevna embodied the features of all Russian women bound by one fate. A woman's fate is difficult, and sometimes tragic, but not bending under the blows of fate, a Russian woman remains the embodiment of wisdom, kindness and love.
Matrena Timofeevna Korchagina is not young, and, probably, it is no coincidence that the poet inscribed her image in the most mature, most fertile time of nature - the harvest time. After all, age maturity implies the maintenance of life outcomes, the rethinking of the past years is a kind of harvesting.
What does Matrena Timofeevna reap? Nekrasov shows the Russian peasant woman in all her greatness:
stubborn woman,
Wide and dense
Thirty-eight years old.
Beautiful; gray hair,
Big eyes, stern
Eyelashes are the richest
Stern and swarthy.
It was to her - a sensible and strong poet who entrusted the story of the difficult female fate. This part of the poem, the only one of all, is written in the first person. But the voice of a peasant woman is the voice of the whole people, who are accustomed to expressing their feelings in song. Therefore, Matrena Timofeevna often does not talk, but sings. The entire chapter is based by the poet on folk poetic images and motifs. We see the traditional rites of peasant matchmaking, wedding cries and lamentations. We hear folk songs and personal destiny the heroine seems to be the fate of the entire Russian people. Matrena Timofeevna lived a hard life. Happy as a girl, she took a sip of “gorushka”, having fallen “from girlish holy to hell.” Like all her contemporaries in the new family, resentment, humiliation, back-breaking work awaited her. These women had one joy - their children. So Demushka - "my handsome man drove away all the anger from the soul with an angelic smile." But Demushka died, Matryona was orphaned. Other relatives also died, the husband was under the threat of recruitment. Mat-rena Timofeevna defended him, did not become a soldier:
Thanks to the Governor
Elena Alexandrovna,
I am so grateful to her
Like a mother!
From the time the peasant woman begged for her happiness, they called her the "governor's wife", "they slandered the lucky one."
Raising children ... Isn't it a joy?
The peasants are perplexed: is it possible that they were looking for such happiness. But the courageous woman Matryona Timofeev-na does not grumble at her fate, adequately reflecting all her blows. Isn't her happiness in steadfastness of character? After all, a weak person cannot be happy, he is always dissatisfied with his fate.
Nekrasov is one of the few writers who admires in a woman not her “sweet” weakness, femininity, but the strength of character of a Russian woman, her vitality, her ability to defend her case. The image of Matryona Timofeevna Korchagina is one of the most vivid and capacious images of the poem, personifying the fate of Russia itself.
Essay text:
In Nekrasov's poem "To whom it is good to live in Russia" more fully and brighter than in other works, the main hero of the great poet's work, the people, appears. Here Nekrasov draws various types of peasants, comprehensively shows their life both in grief and in "happiness".
One of the most striking in the poem is the image of Matryona Timofeevna, a typical Russian peasant woman, an image that embodies the features of all women of Mother Russia with their difficult and sometimes tragic fate, but who managed to preserve their natural mind, kindness, love for their neighbors.
The images of peasant women, bred by Nekrasov in works written before the poem "Who Lives Well in Russia", are incomparable with the image of Matrena Timofeevna. If earlier the poet portrayed a peasant woman as patient, slaughtering (“you are all embodied fear, you are all age-old languor”), submissive (“to submit to the grave to the slave”), now he seeks to show the birth in a Russian woman of anger, protest against inhuman conditions, desire get rid of humility and humility.
Matrena Timofeevna appears before us in all her grandeur: she is "severe and swarthy", "a portly woman, wide and thick, about thirty-eight years old." Nekrasov describes the beauty of Matrena Timofeevna with warmth and love: "... hair with gray hair, eyes large, strict, eyelashes rich ..."
A peasant woman tells the wanderers a deeply moving tale of her life. Her family "was good", non-drinkers, everyone loved her, groomed and spoiled her. The girl grew up cheerful and hardworking, she loved nature, did not know trouble and grief.
But after the marriage of Matryona, fate turned away from her. Matryona's path was hard: the new family did not like her, everyone strove to offend her, fill her with work, and her husband did not indulge. But then she gave birth to a son, Demushka, who drove "all the anger from the soul" of the mother. Matrona calmed down: "No matter what they tell me, I work, no matter how they scold me, I keep silent."
But trouble does not come alone. Beloved Demushka died, parents and grandfather Saveliy, a man spiritually close to Matryona, died, her husband was almost taken into the army.
Matryona did not remain a soldier, pride woke up in her, anger and resentment at such injustice. With her own strength, the peasant woman achieved the return of her husband Philip, did not submit to fate.
After a story about the hardest trials she endured in life, Matrena Timofeevna confesses to wanderers: "I have a downcast head, I carry an angry heart ..."
Matrena Timofeevna is a worthy granddaughter of grandfather Savely, in courage and vitality she is in no way inferior to him. She does not tolerate, but acts, seeks and finds a way out of the most difficult situations. The character of this woman is a new type in the depiction of the peasantry. And although not all vices have yet been exterminated, new character traits that were not previously characteristic of the people are already appearing here. Appears "Xia ҭip peasant rebel, fighter and patriot.
I believe that the image of Matrena Timofeevna deepens the understanding of the life of ordinary people, shows their development, initial fearlessness and courage, combined with kindness, affection, selflessness.
The image of Matrena Timofeevna is in many ways a new type of Russian peasant woman.
The rights to the essay "The image of a Russian woman in the poem by N. A. Nekrasov "Who lives well in Russia"" belong to its author. When citing material, it is necessary to indicate a hyperlink to
rare piece of art dispenses with female characters. Mothers, sisters, daughters, and lovers more often than not simply complement the characteristics of men. They are an indicator of real, true feelings of people.
The female images in the poem “Who Lives Well in Russia” help to understand how Russian peasant women of the described era lived. An epigraph to the description of women can be taken from the words of one of the main heroines of Matryona's poem: "... It's not a matter of looking for a happy woman between women ...".
Chapter "Country Fair"
Wanderers are looking for happy ones at the fair. Nekrasov describes women who came to the marketplace to show themselves and buy what they need on the farm. Red, brightly colored dresses, braids with satin ribbons. The special gait of Russian beauties -
"The winches are sailing."
Peasant women know how to dress like in the capitals. They insert hoops down the fabrics (hemlines) and widen their skirts. Laughs at clothes
But at the same time, he is happy for them. They look prettier than the feisty old believers.
Chapter "Drunken Night"
Walkers walk away from the country fair. And here they meet women:
- Olenushka. She ate on a cart of gingerbread and, like a nimble flea, jumped off and disappeared without letting the peasant stroke her.
- parashenka. A woman dreams of getting to St. Petersburg in the service of officials. The peasants warn that they will have to work as a cook during the day, and as a maid at night.
- Daryushka. The old woman dreams of love and affection. She becomes thin from overwork. The woman turns like a spindle. But what awaits her is only a belly, hops and tears.
- Nameless woman. She quarrels with her friend, who sends her home. A woman is sick of just this thought. What is it that worries her so much? At home, she is worse than in hard labor: the elder son-in-law beats so much that he broke a rib, the middle one stole a fifty-kopeck piece hidden in a ball. Worse than all the promises of the younger son-in-law. He scares with a knife and death.
- Yakim's wife. Saves icons during a fire.
- Molodushka. Listening to a cheerful song, a woman cries. She lives like a day without the sun, a night without a moon. He compares his life with a horse tied to a post, with a swallow that has lost its wings. The jealous old husband, even drunk and sleepy, guards the young woman. She tried to jump off the cart, but her husband grabbed her by the girl's braid.
Chapter "Happy"
The wanderers decided to look for the lucky one by “clicking a cry” so that people would come to them and prove their will for a glass of vodka. There are also female characters among the wine hunters. The "old old woman" saw happiness in the harvest. She had a turnip born in a small garden, as in a fairy tale, tasty and large. Wanderers did not give vodka for such happiness.
Chapter "Peasant Woman"
The author introduces a story about the fate of a Russian woman in a separate chapter. He understands that individual characters will not give a generalized understanding, will not allow the reader to see the fate of a woman. Matrena Korchagina is a beautiful Russian peasant woman. The description is close to fairy tales: big expressive eyes, rich eyelashes, swarthy skin and a stern character. It seems that this is a "hero" or the wife of a hero. In fact, the reader understands that in the poem there is just a woman, such as there are many in Russia. The author presents her fate in detail. But, if you carefully look at the plot, there are more details about the beginning of life, then the monotony removes whole years from memory. What a woman's life consists of: work, the birth of children, work again. Mothers suffer, endure and remain silent. They are offended in the families of their husbands, humiliated by rich owners. When is a woman happy? According to Matryona, in the house of kind parents, next to the children. The fate of peasant women is so difficult that there is no place for happiness in it. The generalization of fate is frightening: hunger, illness, the funeral of children, resentment and humiliation. But what is the strength of the character of a Russian woman? She endures all hardships, does not grumble, does not lose her desire for will. Around everyone considers her happy, because they themselves lost what Matryona kept. They broke, gave up and just waiting for the next blows. Korchagina resists, bravely fights for her children and husband. Suffering for loved ones, not afraid of hard work.
Parable about women's happiness
The author's approach to the women's theme is amazing. If Nekrasov introduces many other topics, like stories in a poem, lyrical digressions, then a parable appears here. The religiosity of the topic is amazing. Women's happiness does not even depend on God. It is difficult to find what the Almighty himself has lost. For many centuries they have been looking for the keys to female happiness, but the search does not lead to success. The author lists those who are looking for:
"... desert fathers, their immaculate wives, scribes-doctors..., God's warriors...".
Happiness was sought throughout God's world, in dungeons and mountains, but other keys were found - from slavery. The fish swallowed and went into an unknown sea, walks there for itself and does not think of sharing its prey.
The share of the Russian woman is the heaviest. That is why Nekrasov devoted so many lines to her. The author believes that the peasant woman will retain her outer beauty and inner strength. She will find a way out of difficult situations, help her children and become a support and fortress for Russia.
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