Kirill Prokofievich Orlovsky. Hero of the USSR Kirill Prokofievich Orlovsky (letter to Stalin) From the story "Rebellious Heart"

Thanks to Comrade Merkulov, People's Commissar of State Security, and Comrade Sudoplatov, Head of the 4th Directorate, I live very well financially. Morally - bad.
The party of Lenin - Stalin brought me up to work hard for the benefit of my beloved Motherland; my physical handicaps (loss of arms and deafness) do not allow me to work at my previous job, but the question arises: did I give everything for the Motherland and the party of Lenin-Stalin?
To moral satisfaction, I am deeply convinced that I have enough physical strength, experience and knowledge in order to still be useful in peaceful labor.

Simultaneously with reconnaissance, sabotage and partisan work, I devoted the possible time to work on agricultural literature.
From 1930 to 1936, by the nature of my main job, I visited the collective farms of Belarus every day, thoroughly looked at this business and fell in love with it.
My stay at the Chkalovsky Agricultural Institute, as well as the Moscow Agricultural Exhibition, I used to the full in obtaining such a quantity of knowledge that the organization of an exemplary collective farm can provide.

If the Government of the USSR had released a loan in the amount of 2.175 thousand rubles in merchandise terms and 125 thousand rubles in monetary terms, then I would have achieved the following indicators:

1. From one hundred forage cows (in 1950) I can achieve a milk yield of at least eight thousand kilograms for each forage cow, at the same time I can increase the live weight of the dairy breeding farm every year, improve the exterior, and also increase the% fat content of milk.
2. Sow at least seventy hectares of flax and in 1950 get at least 20 centners of flax fiber from each hectare.
3. Sow 160 hectares of grain crops (rye, oats, barley) and in 1950 get at least 60 centners per hectare, provided that even in June-July of this year there will be no rain. If it rains, then the harvest will not be 60 centners per hectare, but 70-80 centners.
4. In 1950, collective farm forces will plant a fruit garden on a hundred hectares in accordance with all agrotechnical rules that agrotechnical science has developed.
5. By 1948, three snow-retaining strips will be organized on the territory of the collective farm, on which at least 30,000 ornamental trees will be planted.
6. By 1950 there will be at least one hundred families of bee farms.
7. Until 1950, the following buildings will be built:
1) shed for M-P farms No. 1 - 810 sq. m;
2) shed for M-P farm No. 2 - 810 sq. m;
3) shed for young cattle No. 1 - 620 sq. m;
4) shed for young cattle No. 2 - 620 sq. m;
5) barn-stable for 40 horses - 800 sq. m;
6) granary for 950 tons of grain;
7) shed for storage of agricultural machinery, inventory and mineral fertilizers - 950 sq. m;
8) a power plant, with a mill and a sawmill - 300 sq. m;
9) mechanical and carpentry workshops - 320 sq. m;
10) garage for 7 cars;
11) petrol storage for 100 tons of fuel and lubricants;
12) bakery - 75 sq. m;
13) bath - 98 sq. m;
14) a club with a radio installation for 400 people;
15) house for kindergarten- 180 sq. m;
16) barn for storing sheaves and straw, chaff - 750 sq. m;
17) Riga No. 2 - 750 sq. m;
18) storage for root crops - 180 sq. m;
19) storage for root crops No. 2 - 180 sq. m;
20) silo pits with brick lining of walls and bottom with a capacity of 450 cubic meters of silage;
21) storage for wintering bees - 130 sq. m;
22) by the efforts of the collective farmers and at the expense of the collective farmers, a village with 200 apartments will be built, each apartment will consist of 2 rooms, a kitchen, a latrine and a small shed for the collective farmer's livestock and poultry. The settlement will be a type of a well-organized, cultural settlement, surrounded by fruit and ornamental trees;
23) artesian wells - 6 pieces.

I must say that the gross income of the collective farm "Red Partizan" in the Kirov district of the Mogilev region in 1940 was only 167 thousand rubles.

According to my calculations, the same collective farm in 1950 can achieve a gross income of at least three million rubles.

Simultaneously with organizational and economic work, I will find time and leisure for raising the ideological and political level of my members of the collective farm to such an extent that it will make it possible to create strong party and Komsomol organizations on the collective farm from the most politically literate, cultured and devoted to the party of Lenin and Stalin people.

Before writing this statement to you and assuming these obligations, I thought it over many times, having carefully weighed every step, every detail of this work, I came to the deep conviction that I would do the above work for the glory of our beloved Motherland and that this economy would be indicative economy for the collective farmers of Belarus. Therefore, I ask for your instructions, Comrade Stalin, on sending me to this work and granting me the loan I requested.

If you have any questions about this application, please call me for an explanation.
Application:
1. Description of the collective farm "Red Partisan" of the Kirovsky district of the Mogilev region.
2. Topographic map indicating the location of the collective farm.
3. Estimate of the redeemed loan.
Hero Soviet Union lieutenant colonel of state security Orlovsky.
July 6, 1944 Moscow, Frunzenskaya embankment, house number 10a, apt. 46, tel. G-6-60-46"

In the summer of 1944, this man wrote a statement with a request, sending it personally to Stalin. The lower authorities did not even want to listen to him, answering not at all from callousness: “You have already done everything you could. Rest."

Why they refused, you can understand from the text of the statement. This Man, Hero of the Soviet Union, wrote to Stalin that he was morally ill and asked for help. How?

Be sure to read this statement, a copy of which was kept in the archives of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Belarus. ABOUTbut it was declassified and published quite recently.

These days, it doesn't just seem incredible, it's amazing.

Moscow, the Kremlin, Comrade Stalin.
From the Hero of the Soviet Union
lieutenant colonel of the state
security
Orlovsky Kirill Prokofievich.

Statement.

Dear Comrade Stalin!

Allow me to hold your attention for a few minutes, to express my thoughts, feelings and aspirations to you.

I was born in 1895 in the village. Myshkovichi of the Kirovsky district of the Mogilev region in the family of a middle peasant.

Until 1915 he worked and studied at his own agriculture, in the village of Myshkovichi.

From 1915 - 1918 he served in tsarist army as a platoon leader.

From 1918 to 1925 he worked in the rear of the German invaders, White Poles and White Lithuanians as a commander of partisan detachments and sabotage groups. At the same time, he fought for four months on Western front against the White Poles, for two months against the troops of General Yudenich, and for eight months he studied in Moscow at the 1st Moscow Infantry Command Course.

From 1925 to 1930 he studied in Moscow at the Komvuz of the peoples of the West.

From 1930 to 1936, he worked in the special group of the NKVD of the USSR for the selection and training of sabotage and partisan personnel in the event of a war with the Nazi invaders in Belarus.

In 1936 he worked on the construction of the Moscow-Volga canal as the head of the construction site.

Throughout 1937 he was on a business trip in Spain, where he fought in the rear of the Nazi troops as a commander of a subversive partisan group.

1939 - 1940 worked and studied at the Chkalovsky Agricultural Institute.

In 1941, he was on a special mission in Western China, from where, at his personal request, he was recalled and sent to the rear of the German invaders as the commander of a reconnaissance and sabotage group.

Thus, from 1918 to 1943, I was lucky to work for 8 years in the rear of the enemies of the USSR as a commander of partisan detachments and sabotage groups, illegally cross the front line and the state border more than 70 times, carry out government tasks, kill hundreds of notorious enemies of the Soviet Union as in military , and in peacetime, for which the Government of the USSR awarded me two Orders of Lenin, the medal " Golden Star"and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1918. I don't have party memberships.

On the night of February 17, 1943, undercover intelligence brought me information that on February 17-43, Wilhelm Kube (General Commissar of Belarus), Friedrich Fens (Commissar of three regions of Belarus), Obergruppenführer Zacharius, 10 officers and 40 - 50 of their guards.

At that time, I had only 12 of my fighters with me, armed with one light machine gun, seven machine guns and three rifles. In the daytime, in an open area, on the road, it was rather risky to attack the enemy, but it was not in my nature to let a big fascist reptile pass, and therefore, even before dawn, I brought my fighters in white camouflage coats to the road itself, put it in a chain and disguised them in snow pits 20 meters from the road along which the enemy was supposed to pass.

Twelve hours in the snow pits, my comrades and I had to lie and patiently wait ...

At six o'clock in the evening, an enemy transport appeared from behind the hillock, and when the carts caught up with our chain, at my signal, our machine-gun fire was opened, as a result of which Friedrich Fens, 8 officers, Zacharius and more than 30 guards were killed.

My comrades calmly took away all the fascist weapons, documents, took off their best clothes and in an organized manner went into the forest, to their base.

There were no casualties on our side. In this battle, I was seriously wounded and shell-shocked, as a result of which my right hand on the shoulder, on the left - 4 fingers and the auditory nerve is damaged by 50 - 60%. In the same place, in the forests of the Baranovichi region, I physically got stronger and in August 1943 I was summoned to Moscow by radiogram.

Thanks to Comrade Merkulov, People's Commissar of State Security, and Comrade Sudoplatov, Head of the 4th Directorate, I live very well financially. Morally - bad.

The party of Lenin - Stalin brought me up to work hard for the benefit of my beloved Motherland; my physical handicaps (loss of arms and deafness) do not allow me to work at my previous job, but the question arises: did I give everything for the Motherland and the party of Lenin-Stalin?

To moral satisfaction, I am deeply convinced that I have enough physical strength, experience and knowledge in order to still be useful in peaceful labor.

Simultaneously with reconnaissance, sabotage and partisan work, I devoted all possible time to work on agricultural literature.

From 1930 to 1936, by the nature of my main job, I visited the collective farms of Belarus every day, thoroughly looked at this business and fell in love with it.

My stay at the Chkalovsky Agricultural Institute, as well as the Moscow Agricultural Exhibition, I used to the full in obtaining such a quantity of knowledge that the organization of an exemplary collective farm can provide.

1. From one hundred forage cows (in 1950) I can achieve a milk yield of at least eight thousand kilograms for each forage cow, at the same time I can increase the live weight of the dairy breeding farm every year, improve the exterior, and also increase the% fat content of milk.
2. Sow at least seventy hectares of flax and in 1950 get at least 20 centners of flax fiber from each hectare.
3. Sow 160 hectares of grain crops (rye, oats, barley) and in 1950 get at least 60 centners per hectare, provided that even in June-July of this year there will be no rain. If it rains, then the harvest will not be 60 centners per hectare, but 70-80 centners.
4. In 1950, collective farm forces will plant a fruit garden on a hundred hectares in accordance with all agrotechnical rules that agrotechnical science has developed.
5. By 1948, three snow-retaining strips will be organized on the territory of the collective farm, on which at least 30,000 ornamental trees will be planted.
6. By 1950 there will be at least one hundred families of bee farms.
7. Until 1950, the following buildings will be built:
1) barn for M-P farm No. 1 - 810 sq. m;
2) barn for M-P farm No. 2 - 810 sq. m;
3) shed for young cattle No. 1 - 620 sq. m;
4) shed for young cattle No. 2 - 620 sq. m;
5) barn-stable for 40 horses - 800 sq. m;
6) granary for 950 tons of grain;
7) shed for storage of agricultural machinery, inventory and mineral fertilizers - 950 sq. m;
8) a power plant, with a mill and a sawmill - 300 sq. m;
9) mechanical and carpentry workshops - 320 sq. m;
10) garage for 7 cars;
11) petrol storage for 100 tons of fuel and lubricants;
12) bakery - 75 sq. m;
13) bath - 98 sq. m;
14) a club with a radio installation for 400 people;
15) a house for a kindergarten - 180 sq. m;
16) barn for storing sheaves and straw, chaff - 750 sq. m;
17) Riga No. 2 - 750 sq. m;
18) storage for root crops - 180 sq. m;
19) storage for root crops No. 2 - 180 sq. m;
20) silo pits with brick lining of walls and bottom with a capacity of 450 cubic meters of silage;
21) storage for wintering bees - 130 sq. m;
22) by the efforts of the collective farmers and at the expense of the collective farmers, a village with 200 apartments will be built, each apartment will consist of 2 rooms, a kitchen, a latrine and a small shed for the collective farmer's livestock and poultry.
The settlement will be a type of a well-organized, cultural settlement, surrounded by fruit and ornamental trees;
23) artesian wells - 6 pieces. I must say that the gross income of the collective farm "Red Partisan" of the Kirov district of the Mogilev region in 1940 was only 167 thousand rubles.

According to my calculations, the same collective farm in 1950 can achieve a gross income of at least three million rubles.

Simultaneously with organizational and economic work, I will find time and leisure for such a rise in the ideological and political level of my members of the collective farm, which will make it possible to create strong party and Komsomol organizations on the collective farm from the most politically literate, cultured and devoted to the party of Lenin - Stalin people.

If you have any questions about this application, please call me for an explanation.

Application:

1. Description of the collective farm "Red Partisan" of the Kirovsky district of the Mogilev region.
2. Topographic map indicating the location of the collective farm.
3. Estimate of the redeemed loan.

Hero of the Soviet Union Lieutenant Colonel of State Security Orlovsky.

July 6, 1944
Moscow, Frunzenskaya embankment,
house number 10a, apt. 46, tel. G–6–60–46”.

***
Stalin gave the order to satisfy the request of Kirill Orlovsky - he understood him perfectly, because he himself was the same.

He handed over to the state the apartment he had received in Moscow and left for the Belarusian village destroyed to the ground. Kirill Prokofievich fulfilled his obligations - his collective farm "Dawn" was the first collective farm in the USSR, which received millions of profits after the War.
After 10 years, the name of the Chairman became known throughout Belarus, and then the USSR.

In 1958, Kirill Prokofievich Orlovsky was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin. For military and labor merits he was awarded 5 Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, and many medals. He was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the third to seventh convocations.

In 1956-61 he was a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. "Twice Cavalier" Kirill Orlovsky - the prototype of the Chairman in the film of the same name. Several books have been written about him: "The Rebellious Heart," "The Tale of Kirill Orlovsky" and others.

And the collective farm began with the fact that almost all the peasants lived in dugouts.
Eyewitnesses describe as follows: “The bins in the yards of collective farmers were bursting with good. He rebuilt the village, paved the road to the district center and the village street, built a club, a ten-year school. There was not enough money - he took all his savings from the book - 200 thousand - and invested in the school. He paid scholarships to students, preparing a reserve of personnel.

This “Top Secret” statement (such was the applicant’s status), written just three days after Minsk was liberated and never intended to be published, tells more about the person who wrote it, the country and the era. than whole volumes of books. It also says a lot about our time, although it was not intended for this at all.

Just imagine: a person, a disabled person, of the first group - without both hands, who can hardly take care of himself, almost deaf. because he is still able to work for people.

But not to teach, for example, at the NKVD school, but again to do the almost impossible, at the limit of human strength - to build the best collective farm in the USSR from a village burned to the ground, inhabited for the most part by widows, old people, disabled people and teenagers.

Kirill Prokofievich became the prototype, filmed in 1964, about how a front-line soldier returns to his native village to restore the devastated collective farm.

Kirill Prokofievich died on January 13, 1968. After his death, the Rassvet collective farm began to be called after him.

A man of amazing biography. Head of the partisan sabotage detachment in Poland, participant civil war in Spain, Vice-Rector for Economic Affairs of the Agricultural Institute, Soviet spy in China, the head of the Belarusian partisan detachment during the Great Patriotic War. Having lost both hands, he did not lose heart and led in 1945 a collective farm in Belarus, which was the first in the USSR to receive a net profit of one million rubles.

He was born 120 years ago - January 30, 1895 in the village of Myshkovichi(now it is the Kirovsky district of the Mogilev region) in a peasant family. In 1915-1918 he served in the tsarist army as a non-commissioned officer, commander of a sapper platoon. Participated in the First World War.

In June 1918, on the instructions of the underground Bobruisk district party committee, he created partisan detachment who acted against the occupation German troops. From December 1918 to April 1919 he worked in the Bobruisk Cheka, then graduated from the courses of the command staff.

In November 1918, after the defeat of Germany in the First World War, German units began to withdraw from the territories of the former Russian Empire. The Soviet Western Army, whose task was to organize control, including over the territory of Belarus, followed the Germans on November 17, 1918 and entered Minsk on December 10.

Meanwhile, the Poles on the territory of Lithuania and Belarus created the so-called Committee for the Defense of the Eastern Outskirts(KZVO) with combat units formed from former soldiers Polish corps, and turned to the Polish government for help. Decree of the Polish leader ("temporary head of state") Jozef Pilsudski dated December 7, 1918, the KZVO detachments were announced integral part Polish troops under the overall command of a general Vladislav Veitka. On December 19, the Polish government ordered its troops to occupy Vilna. This is how it started Soviet-Polish war of 1919-1921.

Its result was that Western Belarus and Western Ukraine went to Poland, and the territory of Lithuania was divided between Poland and the newly created independent state of Lithuania. Vilnia also went to Poland.

After the war and imprisonment in March 1921, the intelligence department of the Red Army headquarters began the creation and transfer to the territory of Western Ukraine and Western Belarus detachments for the organization of mass armed resistance the Polish authorities. It was assumed that these armed detachments would become the core of a nationwide partisan movement on the captured Belarusian and Ukrainian lands which in the future will lead to their release and reunification with the USSR. This activity is called " active intelligence". At the same time, it should be noted that the activities of the Intelligence Agency for active intelligence were so carefully covered up that even the OGPU bodies did not know about it.

Partisan, but in fact - sabotage movement on the territory of Western Belarus began in the summer of 1921. One of the commanders of such sabotage detachments were Kirill Orlovsky And Stanislav Vaupshasov. Here is what information about the actions of these two detachments is given in the book A. I. Kalpakidi And D. P. Prokhorova « GRU Empire. Essays on the history of Russian military intelligence»:

« In May 1922, a police station was destroyed in the area of Belovezhskaya Pushcha;

from June 15 to August 6, 1922, 9 military operations were carried out on the territory of the Grodno and Ilitsk districts, during which the partisans defeated three landowners' estates, burned the palace of Prince Drutsky-Lyubyatsky, blew up two steam locomotives on a narrow-gauge road owned by a French company, and a railway bridge , destroyed the railway track on the Lida - Vilnia line over a long distance. At the same time, 10 Polish lancers were killed in one of the battles;

In 1923 partisan movement intensified:

on the night of May 19-20, 1923, 30 partisans defeated the police station and the volost government in Chuchevichi of the Luninets Povet;

On August 27, a similar operation was carried out in the town of Telekhany, Kossovsky district. At the same time, two policemen and a voit (headman) were killed;

From April to November 1924, the partisans conducted 80 major military operations. The most famous of them is in the city of Stolbtsy, where on the night of August 3-4, 54 militants led by Stanislav Vaupshasov defeated the garrison and railway station, and at the same time the eldership, the county police department, the city police station, seized the prison and released the head military organization the Communist Party of Poland Stanislav Skulsky (Mertens) and the leader of the Communist Party of Western Belarus Pavel Korchik, which, in fact, was the goal of this daring operation. At the same time, 8 policemen were killed and three were injured.

On September 24, 1924, 17 partisans from the detachments of Orlovsky and Vaupshasov, having organized an ambush at the Parokhonsk-Lovcha section along the Brest-Luninets railway line, attacked the train. As a result, they seized the governor Polesie Dovnarovich. Having shown humanism, they did not shoot him, but flogged him with a whip, after which he was forced to resign. The partisans also seized the post office and disarmed the soldiers and officers who were traveling in the train ... ".

The actions of Orlovsky and Vaupshasov worried the Polish leadership so much that they announced a large reward for their search and arrest (the order includes Mucha-Mikhalsky- one of the pseudonyms used by Orlovsky and Vaupshasov).

« Presidium of the Polish Voivodeship

Pan elder (personally) in Stolin.

Based on the proposal of the Ministry of the Interior, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers appointed 10 billion marks for the capture of the bandit Mukhi-Mikhalsky and at the same time promised a reward of up to 5 billion marks to the one who would give relevant information to the police and facilitate the arrest of the mentioned bandit.

In 1925 the Soviet leadership instructed the partisan detachments to stop " partisan methods of struggle and concentrate all efforts on mass organizational work among the peasants". In June 1925, the rebel detachments were disbanded, some of the militants moved to the BSSR, while the other remained in Poland, moving to live in counties remote from their native places.

Later, from 1925 to 1930, Orlovsky studied at the Communist University of National Minorities of the West named after Markhlevsky. This institution trained political workers from representatives of the nationalities of the West of the USSR on the basis of the Lithuanian-Jewish-Latvian, German, Polish, Romanian higher party schools.

Orlovsky used the vast experience gained during his work as a saboteur in Poland in the future - from 1930 to 1936 he worked with a special department of the NKVD of the BSSR for the selection and training of Red Partisan personnel for wartime.

In 1936, at his own request, Orlovsky worked for construction of the Moscow-Volga canal as head of the construction site.

And a year later, in 1937, he went help the Republicans to Spain where he acted under a pseudonym streak(from striker - striker in the trigger mechanism of small arms).

Here is one of his reports:

« Top secret.

Instance is the only one

I report that on May 30, 1937, with a group of 10 Spaniards and one Russian [Stepan Grushko], I crossed the front line and went to the deep rear of the Nazis for sabotage work.

From May 30 to July 20, 1937, with the aforementioned group, I walked 750 km behind enemy lines and only once, on July 15, was the group discovered by the enemy, which I will write about below.

During the indicated time, the following work was carried out with the group:

On the night of June 2-3, 1937, an enemy freight train was blown up near Mount Captain on the Sevilla-Badajas railway line.

At night, more precisely, at 10 pm, June 11, 1937, I blew up a passenger train on the Seville-Casalla de la Sierra railway line, not far from El Pedrosa.

Within 33 days, I with a group walked 500 km through three provinces, where there were dozens of rather vulnerable places for the enemy, which for me and the group were quite capable of delivering strikes to the enemy from the rear. For example, 30 kilometers south of the city of Seville, there are three water supply machines that cost 11 million pesetas; they irrigate thousands of hectares of rice fields, guarded by three civilian fascists.

I insisted on the destruction of these vehicles, but most of the personnel of the group refused both this and other similar operations, and therefore, from July 2 to July 7, I carried out a purge of the personnel of the group, more precisely, removal from further campaigns with my group of 7 people - self-seekers, simulators and cowards - and replacing them with more disciplined and persistent partisans from a detachment located in the mountains, 50 km north-west of Seville, in order to revive and activate the group in combat relations. I did this, and on July 7, with 8 Spaniards and 1 Russian, I moved east.

On July 10, on the road going from Seville to Badajas ... I decided to ambush enemy vehicles in order to destroy his manpower and transport, but when I began to discuss this operation with the people of my group 3-4 hours before it was carried out, then here, three Spaniards refused to participate in this case. At 8 o'clock in the evening, we, 7 people, went to the mentioned road: we killed 17 fascists, 2 people were injured and destroyed 2 trucks and one car. Then they retreated to the mountains. It was truly a heroic operation. Not far from Seville in the afternoon with a small group of my fighters, a blow was dealt to the Nazis. I must say that the work of the Thompson light machine gun had a striking effect on the enemy, and that two days later at night, crossing the same road, we had to wait for a car for two hours in order to once again make the enemy feel that not everything was good in his rear .

So at night the movement of vehicles on this road is significantly suspended. In addition, my operation served as a signal for action to those 3,000 partisans who have been sitting not far from this place for 10 months now and doing nothing.

Me and my assistant Grushko Stepan were scheduled to carry out three more operations, namely:

1) blow up another train;

2) blow up the power lines that supply electricity to all the cities of the province of Seville, thereby we would deprive a dozen cities of electric lighting for 2-3 days;

3) remove the landowner, who on June 4 transmitted to the Nazis information that his shepherd had noticed us partisans in some place.

conclusions. Whoever reads this brief report might think that I made a heroic campaign with the group, expended a lot of energy with incredible tension on the nerves, which I (Streek) could only endure with a broken spine, rheumatism in the joints of the legs and at the age of 43 years overcome this path and all its difficulties? Yes, the difficulties, the loss of energy and the tension of the nerves are incredibly great. Over the mountains, rocks, cliffs, dotted with stones with thorny bushes and thorny grass, only at night, 750 km were covered, often without food and water. Those hours and days were especially difficult for me, as for the leader of the group, when the majority of the Spaniards refused to carry out the operations planned and developed by me (after all, they were afraid), when they were too trusting of all the Spaniards who met on the road, telling them our path and our goals, which at any time could lead to the defeat of the group, and when some of them often fell asleep at the post.

I overcame all this thanks to unlimited hatred for the enemies of the people - the Nazis, and love for my work, for my profession. But if I had made this campaign with more combat-ready partisans, then the result of our work would have been many times better ...

The leadership of the international brigade called this raid "unparalleled", however Orlovsky himself was dissatisfied with the result, believing that the effect would have been incomparably greater if it were not for the cowardice and sloppiness of the Spaniards. After the campaign, a categorical order was issued by the corps command not to give Orlovsky any more, who " distinguished by exceptional personal courage”, similar assignments to avoid unreasonable risk. Orlovsky was appointed Advisor to the Madrid International Reconnaissance and Sabotage Detachment. Nevertheless, he led groups on raids twice more. During one of the last skirmishes with the Francoists, Kirill Prokofievich received severe contusion of the spine from a close grenade explosion.

In November 1938, Orlovsky returned to the USSR. For courage and heroism shown in battles with the Spanish fascists, Kirill Prokofievich was awarded the highest award of the USSR - Order of Lenin, which was handed right in the hospital. Doctors, meanwhile, issued their verdict. He was stern - commissioned, not suitable for work in the special services.

By the way, Orlovsky spent a whole week in Madrid at the same Gaylord Hotel with Hemingway and talked with him. He also became inspired by Robert Jordan in the story Hemingway « For whom the Bell Tolls».

Employees of the personnel department of the NKVD helped with employment, and Orlovsky was sent as deputy rector for economic affairs Orenburg (then Chkalovsky) Agricultural Institute, where he not only did his job, but also managed to learn by attending classes. The unbending will of Orlovsky returned him to the ranks a year later.

Information about his stay in Orenburg is fragmentary. Professor G. M. Vdovin, recalling him, noted: I have never met a better vice-rector for economic affairs. He was a man of his word who always does his duty.».

In March 1941, under the guise of an employee of the People's Commissariat of Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, Orlovsky leaves for Alma-Ata to organization of our agency base in China- expected big war with Japan, and the experience of Kirill Prokofievich was very helpful. Having organized work at the base, Orlovsky departs for Xinjiang (China) with a special assignment; he is there saves a Soviet resident, kidnapping him literally from under the noses of Chinese counterintelligence. The resident was taken to the USSR in a bale of cotton wool.

The beginning of the Great Patriotic War "Kirill" (as Kirill Prokofievich began to pass in the future in operational correspondence) met in Xinjiang. Relatively recently, having returned from the crucible of the Spanish war and plunged into a quiet, measured life, "Kirill" felt uncomfortable and uncomfortable in Xinjiang. His soul yearned for his native Belarus, captured by the enemy (on the sixth day of the war, the Nazis captured Minsk). And therefore, it is not surprising that contradictions began to arise between him and the Mirabo resident on this basis. In conversations with Mirabo, Kirill repeatedly said: I'm a partisan militant, not an operative».

Already on August 31, 1941, "Mirabo" reported to Moscow "Victor" (head of the 1st department of the NKGB of the USSR P. N. Fitin):

"Kirill" asks to send him to the rear of the Nazis to fight. Knows well the region of Brest, Baranovichi, Pinsk. Before leaving for Xinjiang, "Kirill" left a report in Marseilles (as Alma-Ata is named in the document) about his work in these areas. If the request of "Kirill" is satisfied, then I ask you to register instead of him a person who speaks the Kazakh language.

On September 7, 1941, the following response was received from Moscow from Viktor: “If necessary, we will use Kirill at another job. Now he must work in a military way in the area entrusted to him.

But "Kirill" did not calm down on this. On December 8, 1941, he directly addressed a letter to the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR L. P. Beria:

"Paul"

From the supply manager of the Geological Administration in Xinjiang Orlovsky

STATEMENT

I ask for your order to send me to the rear of the Nazi troops for red partisan and sabotage work, where I can be incomparably more useful in the defense of the socialist Fatherland than being here on economic work, since I have experience in red partisan and sabotage work not only in the rear German occupiers in 1919 and in the rear of the White Poles from 1920 to 1925, but also in the rear of the Nazi troops in Spain in 1937.

For seven years of work, I had to illegally cross front lines and state borders dozens of times and conduct dozens of sabotage military operations, smash the enemy, destroy his communications and instill panic. In September 1941, I wrote such a statement addressed to Comrade Fitin, but I received the following answer through Comrade Shibaev: “Your application has been received. We mean, if necessary, we will call.

I think that there is a need for this work now more than ever, and that if you send me, then I will give all my thoughts, feelings, heart and will, as before, smash the German fascists, the sworn enemy of humanity, and destroy the Nazis in the rear. evil spirits that broke into our Soviet land.

December 8, 1941, Orlovsky.

The facts set forth in the archival file indicate that Mirabo and the intelligence department of the NKGB of Kazakhstan were in no hurry to send Kirill's statement to the addressee. Only in February 1942, the intelligence department of the NKGB of Kazakhstan sent a report from “Kirill” to the Center addressed to L.P. Beria with a request to send him to the rear of the German army, considering it appropriate to satisfy this request.

“Kirill”, not knowing about the leisurely actions of the intelligence department and not waiting for an answer to his letter, on March 17, 1942 writes a statement addressed to the chairman State Committee Defense of the USSR Joseph Stalin. This time, the actions of Mirabo and the intelligence department of the NKGB of Kazakhstan were instantaneous.

Unfortunately, this letter is not in the archives. By all appearances, the secret services did not dare to make a copy of the document addressed personally to Stalin. The content of the report can only be judged by the cipher “Mirabo”, sent from Kulzha on the same day to the Center at the address “Viktor” and “Aleksandrov”. "Mirabo" reported that on March 17, 1942, "Kirill" filed a letter addressed to I.V. Stalin, in which he noted his ability to work behind German lines in the regions of Belarus (knowledge of the language, send him to the rear for partisan and sabotage work, believing that this activity can bring more benefits. Mirabeau's telegram contained a resolution: " Tov. Miroshin, urgently send the application to the destination, send a copy with our detailed certificate to comrade. Sudoplatov».

On March 29, 1942, the long-awaited answer came from the Center. "Viktor" reported that "Kirill" was recalling to Moscow and asked to arrange for his family in Alma-Ata.

He began to command the partisan detachment special purpose"Falcons", which operated in the Baranovichi region of the Byelorussian SSR. The detachment successfully carried out a number of operations to destroy industrial facilities and military echelons of the enemy. The actions of the people's avengers met with ardent support from the population of the temporarily occupied areas, so the ranks of the partisans were constantly replenished, and in 1943 the detachment of K. P. Orlovsky consisted of more than 350 fighters.

On February 17, 1943, having skillfully organized an ambush, the fighters of the Falcons detachment destroyed the general commissar of the city of Baranovichi Friedrich French, gebitskommissar of the Baranovichi region Friedrich Stür and Obergruppenführer of the SS troops Ferdinand Zasornos, capturing important documents and weapons. In this battle, Orlovsky was seriously wounded, having lost his right hand to the shoulder, and on the left - 4 fingers, but did not stop leading the operation until he led the detachment to a safe place.

Here is how Kirill Orlovsky himself describes what happened next:

« I was badly hurt. I don't know why I didn't bleed. Apparently, the snow, saturated with blood, became like a bandage. There is no doctor in our unit. I had to take me to a neighboring detachment. The doctor thought that without anesthesia I would not survive the operation. I said: "Let's go without anesthesia." The doctor replied, "I don't have a saw." They found a saw for him. Bench saw-hacksaw. She was sharpened, cleaned with emery, boiled in boiling water.

They decided to perform the operation in the open air - it was dark in the dugout. They drove stakes into the snow, put skis on them. But I did not have long to lie on this surgical table.

The Nazis organized a raid. They put me in a sleigh, threw fur coats on me and took me away for thirty kilometers. I waited for the fight to end. Then the doctor finished the operation, and before that he had no time - he was number two at the machine gun.

You understand how much I endured, but in order to live, it was worth enduring.

Three months later I got up. The partisans did not let me become a cripple. I was in charge of my squad again. And, apparently, we beat the enemy well. In the autumn I was called to Moscow. I came to my house and stopped in front of the door. Behind the door were his wife and children. I knocked on the door with my foot, because I had nothing to call ... ".

Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 20, 1943 for the courage and bravery shown in the fight against fascist german invaders, Orlovsky Kirill Prokopovich was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 1720).

Thus, due to severe physical injuries - from both hands he had only one finger left - Kirill Prokofievich could no longer fight. It would seem that all that remained was to quietly live out his life; his state would financially provide for his well-being. But he was a man of a different temperament. On July 6, 1944, when the war was still going on and Belarus had not been completely liberated, he wrote a letter to Stalin asking him to appoint him Chairman of the collective farm "Red Partisan" in his native village in the Mogilev region. Here is the letter, slightly edited:

« Moscow, the Kremlin, Comrade Stalin

From the Hero of the Soviet Union

security lieutenant colonel

Orlovsky Kirill Prokofievich

Statement.

Dear Comrade Stalin!

Let me hold your attention for a few minutes, express my thoughts, feelings and aspirations to you.

From 1918 to 1943, I was lucky enough to work for 8 years in the rear of the enemies of the USSR as a commander of partisan detachments and sabotage groups, illegally cross the front line and the state border more than 70 times, carry out government tasks, destroy hundreds of notorious enemies of the Soviet Union as in military, and in peacetime, for which the government of the USSR awarded me two Orders of Lenin, the Gold Star medal and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1918. I don't have party memberships.

On the night of February 17, 1943, undercover intelligence brought me information that on January 17, 1943, Wilhelm Kube (General Commissar of Belarus), Friedrich Föns (Commissar of three regions of Belarus), Obergruppenführer Zacharius, 10 officers and 40-50 of their guards.

At that time, I had only 12 of my fighters with me, armed with one light machine gun, seven machine guns and three rifles. In the daytime, in an open area, on the road, it was quite risky to attack the enemy, but it was not in my nature to let a big fascist reptile pass, and therefore, even before dawn, I brought my fighters to the road itself in white camouflage coats, put them in a chain and disguised them in snow pits 20 meters from the road along which the enemy was supposed to pass.

For twelve hours my comrades and I had to lie in the snow pits and wait patiently...

At six o'clock in the evening, an enemy transport appeared from behind the hill, and when the carts caught up with our chain, our machine-gun fire was opened at my signal, as a result of which Friedrich Föns, 8 officers, Zacharius and more than 30 guards were killed.

My comrades calmly took away all the fascist weapons, documents, took off their best clothes and in an organized manner went into the forest, to their base.

There were no casualties on our side. In this battle, I was seriously wounded and shell-shocked, as a result of which my right arm was amputated to the shoulder, 4 fingers on the left, and the auditory nerve was damaged by 50-60%. There, in the forests of the Baranovichi region, I physically recovered and in August 1943 I was summoned to Moscow by radiogram.

Thanks to Comrade Merkulov, People's Commissar for State Security, and Comrade Sudoplatov, Head of the 4th Directorate, I live very well financially. Morally - bad.

The party of Lenin-Stalin brought me up to work hard for the good of my beloved Motherland; my physical handicaps (loss of arms and deafness) do not allow me to work at my previous job, but the question arises: did I give everything to the Motherland and the party of Lenin-Stalin?

To moral satisfaction, I am deeply convinced that I have enough physical strength, experience and knowledge in order to be useful in peaceful labor.

Simultaneously with reconnaissance, sabotage and partisan work, I devoted all possible attention to work on agricultural literature.

From 1930 to 1936, by the nature of my main job, I visited the collective farms of Belarus every day, thoroughly looked at this business and fell in love with it.

If the government of the USSR had released a loan in the amount of 2.175 thousand rubles in merchandise terms and 125 thousand rubles in monetary terms, then in my homeland, in the village of Myshkovichi, Kirovsky district, Mogilev region, on the Krasny Partisan collective farm, by 1950 I would have achieved the following indicators :

1. From a hundred forage cows (in 1950) I can achieve a milk yield of at least eight thousand kilograms for each, at the same time I can increase the live weight of a dairy breeding farm every year, improve the exterior, and also increase the percentage of milk fat.

2. Sow at least seventy hectares of flax and in 1950 obtain at least 20 centners of flax fiber from each hectare.

3. Sow 160 hectares of grain crops (rye, oats, barley) and in 1950 get at least 60 centners per hectare, provided that there is not a single rain even in June-July of the year. If it rains, then the harvest will not be 60 centners per hectare, but 70-80 centners.

4. By the efforts of the collective farmers and at their expense, a village for 200 apartments will be built, each apartment will consist of 2 rooms, a kitchen, a toilet and a small shed for the collective farmer's livestock and poultry. The settlement will be a type of well-maintained, cultural settlement among fruit and ornamental trees;

5. Artesian wells - 6 pieces...

I must say that in 1940 the gross income of the Krasny Partisan collective farm in the Kirov district of the Mogilev region was only 167,000 rubles.

If you have any questions about this statement, please call me for an explanation.

Hero of the Soviet Union Lieutenant Colonel of State Security Orlovsky.

Moscow, Frunzenskaya embankment, house number 10 a, apt. 46, tel. G-6-60-46".

Stalin granted Orlovsky's request. Orlovsky rented his Moscow apartment to the state and left for his village. In January 1945 he was elected Chairman of the collective farm "Dawn"(as the "Red Partisan" became known) of the Kirov district of the Mogilev region.

Here is how Orlovsky himself recalls the beginning of his activity:

« Children, old people, several disabled people gathered near the burnt houses... Shaggy tails of smoke are visible on the horizon - the fires in the liberated Bobruisk have not yet been extinguished. The Belarusian land lies in ruins and ashes, nothing has survived in Myshkovichi from the former collective farm ...

At the first meeting of the collective farmers there was a lot of talk about how to start, what to undertake, what business to stick to first. The strongest thing that remains in my memory is that even then the collective farmers clearly manifested a sense of collectivization, a sense of a single family. Along with this feeling, a belief was born that soon everything would get better again.

Under the leadership of Orlovsky, the Rassvet collective farm became the first millionaire collective farm in the post-war USSR.

In 1958, Orlovsky was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor. For military and labor merits he was awarded 5 Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, and many medals. He was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the third to seventh convocations. In 1956-1961 he was a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU.

Kirill Prokofievich died January 13, 1968. After his death, the Rassvet collective farm began to be called after him.

Here is what he wrote about him magazine "Krugozor" in 1969.

From the story "Rebellious Heart"

« In a spacious room, in addition to a desk, a row of chairs for a hundred people. Rassack party meetings and seminars are held here. Guests are received here, and all year round at six in the morning, and even earlier during sowing or harvesting, the collective farm leadership gathers here for a meeting. In this room all big and small questions are solved. I applied yesterday and got a response today. They are decided openly, with the widest possible publicity and in compliance with democratic norms.

It's twelve degrees today, the barometer is on clear. We'll see what the plans are, - says Chairman Orlovsky. - The first brigade?

The work for the day is approved. Kirill Prokofievich is leaning over the table, reading the statement. Collective farmer Elena Belyavskaya writes that eighty-six rubles were unfairly taken from her for the missing cucumber seeds.

After reading the statement, Kirill Prokofievich takes off his glasses.

Nine years ago, - he says after a pause, - around the same time, Anton Moiseevich Belyavsky died. The usual old, night watchman. We considered it the simplest and most common while we lived. And when he died, they saw that he had an excellent soul - an excellent soul of a patriot of the Rassvet collective farm. He loved the collective farm with all his heart. It's easy to be human, but it's not easy to be human. Anton Belyavsky was like that. I think a monument should be erected to him.

There were sobs in the back rows.

-... And Anton Belyavsky left a widow Elena. Let's see if she is a fair woman, or she was not a couple for Anton, she is looking at how to steal from the collective farm, which is only possible. Well, tell me, Elena, what are your grievances?

The old woman stood up, brushing away a tear, and spoke:

Semyon Zheltyakov brought me in the fall and said: "There's a ton here." A ton is a ton, I haven't checked. Everything was cleaned, dried, as expected, and passed. And suddenly, at the final settlement - eighty-six rubles. It's unfair. I have worked and am working diligently...

Collective farm accountant Ivan Fomich asks for the floor. Loudly, mindful of Orlovsky's weak hearing, he gives an accurate reference:

Yelena Belyavskaya and her neighbor Yelizaveta Tsed received an equal amount of cucumbers according to the documents, but handed in the seeds... Yelena was eighty-six rubles twenty kopecks less than the norm, and Yelizaveta eighty-nine rubles more than the norm. Cucumbers are the same, from one machine.

Do you understand, comrades, what is the matter? - explains Orlovsky. - We give feasible work to elderly collective farmers - they are our homeworkers. Here they gave seed cucumbers to be cleaned: seed growing is a very profitable business. Well, someone, apparently, wants to warm their hands on this. - Kirill Prokofievich turned to the foreman of the garden brigade Semyon Korzun: - Share your experience, how can you rob collective farmers?

They poured it on my eye, I didn’t have any selfish thoughts, - the brigadier choked with excitement.

Get in! - Orlovsky turned to those present: - It's clear what's the matter, do I need to explain more?

And if it's clear, my proposal is this... On the foreman Semyon Korzun for an attempt to violate the procedure for accounting for material resources, which is a prerequisite for theft, to impose a fine. do not charge from Elena Belyavskaya.

A roar of approval.

And you, Elena, thank you! Well done, did not disgrace the memory of her husband!

Valentin Ponomarev.

That's how collective farmers themselves remember him:

« It's hard to stay in everyone's memory. The share of the former chairman of the collective farm "Rassvet" Kirill Prokofievich Orlovsky had such fame. The old collective farmer Darya Ivanovna, whom I asked about the deceased Orlovsky, said: "We all remember him like yesterday. After all, in everyone's life he is ...".»

However, the history of the collective farm, which grew up on the former ashes, the history of the growth of its people and well-being is known in our country. They know that this is connected with the name of the Hero of the Soviet Union and Hero of Socialist Labor Kirill Prokofievich Orlovsky.

Born into a peasant family. Participated in the First World War as a non-commissioned officer.

In June 1918, on the instructions of the underground Bobruisk district committee of the Bolshevik Party, he created a partisan detachment that acted against German troops. From December 1918 to April 1919 he worked in the Bobruisk Cheka, then graduated from the courses of command staff. In 1920-1925. led partisan detachments in Western Belarus, which was part of Poland, through the line of "active intelligence" of the Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army. Under his leadership, dozens of military operations were carried out, as a result of which more than 100 gendarmes and landowners were killed.

Later he graduated from the Communist University of National Minorities of the West named after Markhlevsky (1930).

In 1925-1937 he worked in the bodies of the GPU (then the NKVD) of Belarus, the head of the GULAG section on the construction of the Moscow-Volga canal, the head of the section. In 1937-1938 he performed combat missions during the Spanish Civil War, then worked in the bodies of the NKVD of the USSR. In 1939-1940 he studied at the Agricultural Institute.

From October 1942 to August 1943 he successfully led a major partisan detachment"Falcons", operating on the territory of the Baranovichi region.

On February 17-18, 1943, a detachment under the command of Orlovsky K.P. (12 fighters) on one of the roads of the Baranovichi region made a daring raid on the convoy of the fascist General Commissar of Belarus Viligelm Kube; as a result of the raid, the fascist commissar of three regions of Belarus Friedrich Fens, SS Obergruppenführer Zacharius, as well as 10 officers and more than 30 soldiers were destroyed. Detachment Orlovsky K.P. suffered no losses; Orlovsky K.P. was wounded and as a result lost the hands of both hands and 3/4 lost his hearing. Orlovsky K.P. continued to lead the detachment until the withdrawal to a safe place.

Hero of the Soviet Union (September 20, 1943). Having lost the ability to personally actively participate in the work of state security agencies due to disability, Orlovsky K.P. addressed a personal letter to I.V. Stalin, in which he asked to be allowed to head one of the most destroyed collective farms in the Mogilev region of the Byelorussian SSR and promised to revive it and make it a millionaire collective farm. In a letter Orlovsky K.V. wrote:
Thanks to Comrade Merkulov, People's Commissar of State Security, and Comrade Sudoplatov, Head of the 4th Directorate, I live very well financially. Morally - bad.
The party of Lenin - Stalin brought me up to work hard for the benefit of my beloved Motherland; my physical handicaps (loss of arms and deafness) do not allow me to work at my previous job, but the question arises: did I give everything for the Motherland and the party of Lenin-Stalin?
To moral satisfaction, I am deeply convinced that I have enough physical strength, experience and knowledge in order to still be useful in peaceful labor.

1. From one hundred forage cows (in 1950) I can achieve a milk yield of at least eight thousand kilograms for each forage cow, at the same time I can increase the live weight of the dairy breeding farm every year, improve the exterior, and also increase the% fat content of milk.
2. Sow at least seventy hectares of flax and in 1950 get at least 20 centners of flax fiber from each hectare.
3. Sow 160 hectares of grain crops (rye, oats, barley) and in 1950 get at least 60 centners per hectare, provided that even in June-July of this year there will be no rain. If it rains, then the harvest will not be 60 centners per hectare, but 70-80 centners.
4. In 1950, collective farm forces will plant a fruit garden on a hundred hectares in accordance with all agrotechnical rules that agrotechnical science has developed.
5. By 1948, three snow-retaining strips will be organized on the territory of the collective farm, on which at least 30,000 ornamental trees will be planted.
6. By 1950 there will be at least one hundred families of bee farms.
7. Until 1950, the following buildings will be built:
1) shed for M-P farm No. 1 - 810 sq. m;
2) shed for M-P farm No. 2 - 810 sq. m;
3) shed for young cattle No. 1 - 620 sq. m;
4) shed for young cattle No. 2 - 620 sq. m;
5) barn-stable for 40 horses - 800 sq. m;
6) granary for 950 tons of grain;
7) shed for storage of agricultural machinery, inventory and mineral fertilizers - 950 sq. m;
8) a power plant, with a mill and a sawmill - 300 sq. m;
9) mechanical and carpentry workshops - 320 sq. m;
10) garage for 7 cars;
11) petrol storage for 100 tons of fuel and lubricants;
12) bakery - 75 sq. m;
13) bath - 98 sq. m;
14) a club with a radio installation for 400 people;
15) a house for a kindergarten - 180 sq. m;
16) barn for storing sheaves and straw, chaff - 750 sq. m;
17) Riga No. 2 - 750 sq. m;
18) storage for root crops - 180 sq. m;
19) storage for root crops No. 2 - 180 sq. m;
20) silo pits with brick lining of walls and bottom with a capacity of 450 cubic meters of silage;
21) storage for wintering bees - 130 sq. m;
22) by the efforts of the collective farmers and at the expense of the collective farmers, a village with 200 apartments will be built, each apartment will consist of 2 rooms, a kitchen, a latrine and a small shed for the collective farmer's livestock and poultry. The settlement will be a type of a well-organized, cultural settlement, surrounded by fruit and ornamental trees;
23) artesian wells - 6 pieces.

I must say that the gross income of the collective farm "Red Partizan" in the Kirov district of the Mogilev region in 1940 was only 167 thousand rubles.

According to my calculations, the same collective farm in 1950 can achieve a gross income of at least three million rubles.

If you have any questions about this application, please call me for an explanation.
Application:
1. Description of the collective farm "Red Partisan" of the Kirovsky district of the Mogilev region.
2. Topographic map indicating the location of the collective farm.
3. Estimate of the redeemed loan.
Hero of the Soviet Union Lieutenant Colonel of State Security Orlovsky.
July 6, 1944 Moscow, Frunzenskaya embankment, house number 10a, apt. 46, tel. G-6-60-46"

Request Orlovsky K.P. was approved by the government of the USSR. From January 1945 Orlovsky K.P. was elected chairman of the collective farm "Dawn" of the Kirovsky district of the Mogilev region.

Under the leadership of Orlovsky K.P. The Rassvet collective farm became the first millionaire collective farm in the post-war USSR.

Died January 13, 1968. He was buried in the village of Myshkovichi, Kirovsky District, Mogilev Region, Belarus.

Memory

It is the prototype of the protagonist of the film "Chairman" and E. Hemingway's story "For Whom the Bell Tolls" - Robert Jordan.
A bronze bust of the Hero of the Soviet Union and Hero of Socialist Labor was installed in his homeland and a museum was opened.
The streets of the cities of Belarus are named after him - in Mogilev, Bobruisk and Kletsk.
The collective farm "Dawn" and the school in Kirovsk are named after him.

Awards

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 20, 1943, for the courage and bravery shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders, Orlovsky Kirill Prokofievich was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 1720).
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated May 18, 1958, Orlovsky Kirill Prokofievich was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.
Five Orders of Lenin.
Order of the Red Banner.
Order of the Red Banner of Labor.
Medals.

Hero of the Soviet Union Chernov Kirill Prokofievich

Chernov Kirill Prokofievich - Commander of the 9th Guards Separate Anti-Tank Artillery Brigade (47th Army, Voronezh Front), Guards Lieutenant Colonel.

Born on May 27 (June 8 - according to the new style), 1907 in the village of Omelenskaya Sloboda, now Bobruisk district, Mogilev region, in a peasant family. Belarusian. Member of the CPSU (b) / CPSU since 1930. Graduated from 7 classes. He worked as a mechanic at the Bobruisk timber processing plant.

In the Red Army since 1929. Graduated from the United military school in 1933, the Higher Officer Artillery School. On the fronts of the Great Patriotic War since August 1941. Near Stalingrad, he commanded an anti-tank artillery regiment, in Battle of Kursk- artillery brigade. Here, in just one day, on July 7, Chernov's soldiers, south of Lukhanin, together with a tank regiment, destroyed more than 80 enemy armored vehicles. He distinguished himself in the battles on the Dnieper. The commander of the 9th Guards Separate Anti-Tank Artillery Brigade of the 47th Army of the Voronezh Front, Guards Lieutenant Colonel Chernov, received an order to eliminate enemy attempts to reach the rear of the 47th Army near the village of Gelmyazov, Drabovsky District, Cherkasy Region. The enemy, with forces of up to 40 tanks with armored vehicles and wedges, counterattacked our positions several times, trying to break through the front of the brigade and leave the village of Chernobay on the Bogodukhov-Zolotonosha highway.

In the battles of September 22, 1943, the gunners of the brigade of Lieutenant Colonel Chernov destroyed six tanks, eight armored vehicles and armored personnel carriers, and two wedges. The enemy did not pass in this sector and, under the swift onslaught of our troops, rolled across the Dnieper.

On October 2, 1943, a critical situation arose on the right bank of the Dnieper. The Nazis, with the help of one rifle division and a battalion of motorcyclists, with the support of artillery, tried to overturn our troops into the river. After two hours of artillery preparation, the Nazis went on the attack. The brigade was urgently transferred to the right-bank bridgehead near the village of Pekari (Kanevsky district, Cherkasy region) and entered the battle. The brigade commander was at the observation post of the brigade and led the battle. All artillery regiments bravely fought to hold the captured bridgehead, repelled all enemy attacks and ensured not only the retention of the bridgehead, but also its significant expansion. In two days of fighting, the brigade knocked out 35 tanks and destroyed up to two enemy infantry regiments.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 24, 1943, for courage, courage and heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders, Lieutenant Colonel Kirill Prokofievich Chernov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 3650) .

The brigade participated in the battles for the liberation of Kyiv and received the name "Kyiv". In the battle on the outskirts of Western Ukraine K.P. Chernov was seriously wounded. Returning from the hospital, already as commander of the 170th light artillery brigade, he participated in the defeat of the Nazi troops in Hungary and Austria. In 1946 he graduated from the Higher Academic Artillery Courses.

Since 1961, Major General of Artillery Chernov has been in reserve. Lived and worked in Nizhny Novgorod. Died October 18, 1972. He was buried in Nizhny Novgorod at the Maryina Roshcha cemetery.

He was awarded two orders of Lenin (24.12.43; 05.11.54), three orders of the Red Banner (17.01.42; 02.06.42; 11.15.50), orders of Kutuzov 3rd degree (No. 2044 of 18.04.45), Alexander Nevsky ( No. 3132 dated 02/18/43), World War II, 1st degree (09/12/43), Red Star (04/30/45), medals.

total:0
In contact with 0
Google Plus 0
OK 0
Facebook 0