Grade 5
OPTION 1
Part 1.
1. Science that studies domestic and wild animals
1) microbiology; 2) zoology; 3) mycology; 4) botany.
2. The main components of the cells:
1) membrane, mitochondria, plastids; 2) core, shell, plastids; 3) membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus; 4) cytoplasm, nucleus, cell wall.
3. Physiology studies:
1) the structure of tissues, organs of living organisms; 2) vital activity of living organisms; 3) the structure and processes occurring in plants; 4) the behavior and vital activity of insects.
4. Habitat, structure, vital activity of insects are studied by science:
1) theriology; 2) ichthyology; 3) mycology; 4) entomology.
5. Studying the structure of mushrooms:
1) ornithology; 2) histology; 3) briology; 4) mycology.
6. Active movement is characteristic:
1) seeds; 2) for plants; 3) most animals; 4) rocks.
7. Cell structure have:
1) all living organisms; 2) plants; 3) animals; 4) only plants and mushrooms.
8. Nutrition is:
1) release of unnecessary substances; 2) obtaining the necessary substances from environment; 3) the intake of oxygen into the body; 4) processing of substances in the body.
9. The most common elements in the cells of living organisms are:
1) oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, phosphorus; 2) oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen; 3) carbon, phosphorus, hydrogen, oxygen; 4) nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur.
10. Nucleic acids perform:
1) energy function; 2) storage and transmission function hereditary information; 3) building function, 4) support function.
Part B.
IN 1. When completing tasks B1, select three correct answers out of six. Write down the received numbers in ascending order.
1) When observing, the researcher does not introduce changes into the nature, any conditions, only purposefully investigates the object.
2) Nucleic acids perform a protective function in the body.
3) Proteins, like carbohydrates, are the main sources of energy.
4) Carbohydrates perform the function of a carrier of hereditary information.
5) Oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen are the most common elements in wildlife.
6) All living organisms have a similar chemical composition.
IN 2. When completing tasks B2, complete the sentences In your answers, write down only the missing word.
1) Organelles that perform the function of digestion are called ...
2) Nucleic acids are contained ...
3) An organelle whose main function is cellular respiration is called ...
4) ... performs the function of storing and transmitting hereditary information.
5) The process of taking nutrients into the body is called ...
Test No. 1 on the topic "Living organism"
Grade 5
OPTION 2
Part 1. When completing the tasks of part A, out of the four proposed, choose one correct one.
1. The science that studies meadow and forest plants is called:
1) microbiology; 2) botany; 3) mycology; 4) zoology.
2. Anatomy studies:
1) the structure, behavior and vital activity of insects; 2) the structure of tissues, organs of living organisms; 3) birds; 4) the structure of plants.
3. Habitat, structure, life of fish is studied by science:
1) mycology; 2) ichthyology; 3) entomology, 4) bryology;
4. Studying the structure of cells:
1) cytology; 2) zoology; 3) bacteriology; 4) histology.
5. Plants are able to independently create nutrients using:
1) water energy; 2) solar energy; 3) nutrients of other organisms; 4) energy chemical reactions.
6. For mushrooms, as well as for animals, it is characteristic:
1) the presence of a solid cell membrane; 2) the type of nutrition in which a living organism uses ready-made organic substances; 3) active movement; 4) unlimited growth
7. Organisms consist of:
1) minerals, water and salts; 2) mineral and organic substances; 3) proteins, fats, carbohydrates and nucleic acids; 4) from organic substances, proteins, fats.
8. The main components of the cells:
1) membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus; 2) membrane, mitochondria, nucleus; 3) cytoplasm, nucleus, cell wall; 4) core, shell, plastids
9. Irritability is characteristic:
1) only for animals; 2) for all living organisms; 3) for animals and fungi; 4) only for plants;
10. Eat Ready Nutrients:
1) only animals; 2) mushrooms and animals; 3) plants; 4) plants and mushrooms.
Part B.
IN 1 . When completing tasks B1, select three correct answers out of six. Write down the received numbers in ascending order.
Choose the numbers of correct statements.
1) Oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen - elements characteristic only for living organisms.
2) Mineral salts and water are classified as organic substances of the cell.
3) Water is a good cell solvent.
4) Carbohydrates perform only a supporting function.
5) Fats serve as a reserve source of energy.
6) The similarity of the chemical composition and cellular structure in plants and animals they speak of the unity of the organic world.
IN 2 . When completing tasks B2, complete the sentences In your answers, write down only the missing word.
1) Plant cells, in addition to the membrane, are also surrounded by a thick and strong ...
2) The nucleus performs the function ...
3) Wood burning is referred to as ... phenomena.
4) ... perform a protective function in the body. They fight foreign microorganisms.
5) The internal contents of the cell is called ...
One of the properties of living things is the similarity of all living organisms in chemical composition. Out of 109 elements periodic system Mendeleev, a significant majority of them were found in cells. The content of four elements in the cell is especially high - oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen. In total, they make up almost 98% of the total contents of the cell. The next group consists of eight elements, the content of which in a cell is calculated in tenths and hundredths of a percent. This sulfur, phosphorus, chlorine, potassium, magnesium, sodium, calcium, iron. In total, they make up 1.9%. All other elements are contained in the cell in extremely small quantities (less than 0.01%). Chemical elements are part of organic and mineral substances. Minerals are found in the cell, as a rule, in the form of cations (K +, Na +, Ca 2+, Mg 2+), anions (HPO 4 2-, H 2 PO 4 -, Cl -, HCO 3) and water. The ratio of which determines the acidity of the medium, which is important for the life of cells. (In many cells, the medium is slightly alkaline and its pH hardly changes, since a certain ratio of cations and anions is constantly maintained in it.). From inorganic substances the most common in the cell is water. A lot of water is contained in the cells of the brain and human embryos (more than 80%); in adipose tissue cells - only 40%. Prokaryotic cells contain from 70 to 90% water. By old age, the water content in cells decreases. Water is a good solvent and plays an important role in the chemical reactions that take place in the cell in aqueous solutions. Water facilitates the movement of various substances within the cell or from cell to cell. The high water content in the cell gives it elasticity.
Organic substances in the cell include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, ATP.
Lipids. Lipids - large group substances biological origin, highly soluble in organic solvents such as methanol, acetone, chloroform and benzene. At the same time, these substances are insoluble or slightly soluble in water.
Lipid functions:
Structural. A number of lipids are involved in the formation cell membranes. Typical membrane lipids are phospholipids, glycolipids and cholesterol.
Energy. In quantitative terms, lipids are the main energy reserve of the body. Basically, fat is found in cells in the form of fat droplets, which serve as metabolic "fuel". Lipids are oxidized in mitochondria to water and carbon dioxide with the simultaneous formation of large amounts of ATP (ATP).
Heat regulating. Fat deposits in the subcutaneous tissue and around various organs have high heat-insulating properties. So, whales, walruses, seals, penguins are protected from hypothermia by powerful fat deposits. In a whale, for example, the layer of subcutaneous fat reaches 1 m.
Reserve.
Carbohydrates. Carbohydrates (sugars) - a group of natural polyhydroxy aldehydes and polyhydroxy ketones with the general formula (CH 2 O) n. The group includes simple sugars (monosaccharides), oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Functions of carbohydrates:
Structural. So, in the cell walls of bacteria, as a stabilizing structural component present murein. In plants, this function is performed cellulose and other polysaccharides. Thus, the cell walls of plants are built from cellulose. Wood contains 40 to 60% cellulose. Carbohydrates are often found bound to lipids. (glycolipids) or proteins (glycoproteins), included in cell membranes.
Reserve. Reserve polysaccharides serve as an energy resource, from which, as needed, monosaccharides, which are cellular "fuel", enter the body. Due to the polymeric nature, reserve polysaccharides are osmotically inactive and therefore can accumulate in cells in large quantities.
Energy.
Squirrels. Of the macromolecules, they are the most common and account for up to 55% of the dry weight of the cell.
Functions of proteins in a cell:
catalytic. Catalyst proteins speed up chemical reactions in the cell.
Regulatory. For example, the protein insulin regulates blood sugar.
Structural. Protein molecules are part of all cell membranes. Collagen protein molecules form the basis of cartilage and tendons. Protein consists of hair, wool, nails, horns, hooves, scales, feathers, cobwebs. Structural proteins also include histones, whose function is the organization of DNA folding in chromatin.
Motor. Proteins actin and myosin, capable of causing contraction of muscle fibers, as well as proteins that make up the cilia, flagella of unicellular and specialized cells, such as spermatozoa of multicellular organisms.
Protective. The immune system protects the body from pathogens and foreign substances. The key component of this system here is immunoglobulin G, which forms a complex with membrane glycolipids on erythrocytes.
Transport. The best known transport protein is hemoglobin erythrocytes. This protein is involved in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and tissues. Blood plasma contains many other proteins that perform transport functions. Ion channels and other integral membrane proteins transport ions and metabolites across biological membranes.
Reserve. The plants contain spare proteins are valuable nutrients. in animal organisms muscle proteins serve as reserve nutrients.
Energy. With a lack of polysaccharides and lipids, proteins can perform an energy function.
Nucleic acids. Nucleic acids are built from nucleotide units, which in turn consist of nitrogenous base, carbohydrate residue and phosphate group. There are two types of nucleic acids: deoxyribonucleic acids[DNA (DNA)] and ribonucleic acids. DNA and RNA differ in the type of carbohydrate residue and base structure.
Nucleic acid functions:
gene expression and protein biosynthesis;
storage of hereditary information.
Option I
A). Select one
1. The most common elements in living organisms are:
A) C, O, S, NV) H, C, O, NWITH) O, P, S, CD) N, P, S, OE) N, P, S, C
2 . Organic matter, which is the source of energy and metabolic water in the cell, is
A) protein B) starch C) fat D) nucleic acid E) carbohydrate
3. Catalytic function in the body is performed
A) vitamins B) nucleic acids C) proteins D) carbohydrates E) fats
4 . The science of the cell is called
5. In accordance with the principle of complementarity, a section of a DNA molecule looks like this:
A) A-G-C-T-G-A-A-T B) A-G-G-C-T-G-A-A-T
T-C-G-A-C-T-T-A G-A-A-T-C-A-G-C-G
C-T-T-A-G-T-C-C-G U-C-C-G-A-C-U-U-A T-A-C-G-A-T-T-T- A
6. The term "carbohydrate" was first introduced
A) R. Hooke B) A. Leeuwenhoek C) Ch. Darwin E) K. Schmidt E) K Baer
7. Major plant polysaccharide
A) glycogen B) starch C) cellulose D) chitin E) murein
8. When splitting 1 g, 38.9 kJ of energy is released
A) protein B) starch C) fat D) nucleic acid E) carbohydrate
9. Protein monomers are
10. The structural and functional unit of all living organisms is
A) tissue B) cell C) organism D) organ E) organ system
11. The DNA molecule performs the function
A) synthesis of proteins, fats, carbohydrates
C) spare
D) transport
E) carrier of hereditary information
12. The chemical element that makes up chlorophyll
13. Identify polysaccharides
C) glucose, ribose E) sucrose, ribose
C) fructose, sucrose
14. J. Watson and F. Crick deciphered the molecule
A) rRNA B) ATP C) DNA E) mRNA E) tRNA
15. The outer layer of the cell
A) shell B) vacuole C) chloroplast D) nucleus E) citoplasm
V). Choose three correct answer out of six options:
16. The similarity of animal cells and bacteria is that they have
A) well-formed nucleus B) cytoplasm C) mitochondria
D) glycocalyx E) plasma membraneF) ribosomes
17. The disaccharides are
A) maltose B) galactose C) sucrose D) lactose E) glucoseF) glycogen
18. What is an ATP molecule?
A) three leftovers phosphoric acid C) deoxyribose C) adenine D) ribose E) cytosineF) amino acid
19 . Establish a correspondence between the features of the structure and function and the organoid for which they are characteristic.
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONORGANOIDS
1) 2 chains
A) DNA
2) 1 chain
B) RNA
3) A, T, G, C
4) deoxyribose
5) ribose
6) A, U, G, C
20. Complete the sentences:
1. Structural and functional unit of all living organisms ....
2. Non-nuclear organisms are called ....
3. At the top of the tubelocated … .
4. Substances are divided into hydrophilic and hydrophobic in relation to ....
5. RNA and DNA refer to ... ....
Biology test for the 1st quarter of the 10th grade
Option II .
A). Select one answer which is the most correct
1. Select a group chemical elements, the content of which in the cell is
the sum of 98%, -
A)H, O, N, PB) HO, S, PWITH)H, C, O, ND)C, H, K, FeE) H, C, K, P
2. A microscope that magnifies 300 times has 20 on the objective, and 20 on the eyepiece.
A) 280 B) 600 C) 30 E) 15 E) 150
3. The prokaryotes are
A) bacteria B) protozoa C) plants D) viruses E) animals
4. The glycogen molecule consists of residues :
A) sucrose B) fructose C) galactose D) ribose E) glucose
5. In accordance with the principles of complementarity, a section of a DNA molecule looks like this:
A) A-G-G-C-T-G-A-A-T C) A-G-G-C-T-G-A-A-T
T-C-C-G-U-C-T-T-U G-A-A-T-C-A-G-C-G
C) A-G-G-C-T-G-A-A-T E) A-G-G-C-T-G-A-A-T E) A-G-G-C-T- G-A-A-T
C-T-T-A-G-T-C-C-G U-C-C-G-A-C-U-U-A T-C-C-G-A-C-T-T- A
6. Contained in large quantities in fruit juice, honey, sugar beet
A) glucose B) fructose C) starch D) lactose E) galactose
7. Organic matter, which provides all the processes of cell life, is
A) carbohydrates B) proteins C) fats D) nucleic acids E) amino acids
8. Monomers of fats are
A) amino acids B) glucose C) glycerol and fatty acids D) nucleotides E) lipase
9. The science of the cell is called
A) cytology B) anatomy C) embryology D) histology E) hygiene
10. Identify Monosaccharides
A) starch, cellulose D) lactose, chitin
C) glucose, ribose E) fiber, ribose
C) fructose, glycogen
11. The structure of RNA does not contain
A) cytosine B) uracil C) guanine D) adenine E) thymine
12. Chemical element that is part of hemoglobin
A) potassium B) iron C) manganese D) nickel E) magnesium
13. Inorganic substances of the cell
A) proteins, fats C) fatty acids, glycerol
C) carbohydrates, water D) glucose, calcium phosphate E) water, salts
14. DNA is a macromolecule, the monomers of which are
A) deoxyribonucleotide C) nucleotide
C) ribonucleotide D) amino acid E) glucose
15. Prokaryotes include
A) plants B) cyanobacteria C) viruses D) fungi E) animals
V). Select three correct answer out of six given
16. There are three types of RNA
A) cRNA B) mRNA C) rRNA E) lRNA E) tRNAF) sRNA
17. Monosarids include
A) glucose B) sucrose C) fructose D) galactose E) chitinF) glycogen
18. DNA molecule
A) a polymer whose monomer is a nucleotide D) a polymer whose monomer is an amino acid
C) double-chain polymer E) single-chain polymer C) regular polymerF) is part of the chromosomes
19. Establish a correspondence between the characteristics of organic substances and their types
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONORGANOIDS
1) made up of amino acids
A) carbohydrates
2) made up of glucose
B) Proteins
3) perform an enzymatic function
4) when splitting 1 g, 17.6 kJ is released
5) storage substances of the body
6) perform a transport function
20. Complete the sentences.
1. The science of living organisms is .... .
2. Introduced the term cell ...
3. nuclear organisms are called….
4. Adenine is complementary ....
5. The transport function in the body of animals is performed by ...
Answers:
question1 option
Option 2
1
V
WITH
2
WITH
D
3
WITH
A
4
A
E
5
A
E
6
D
V
7
V
A
8
WITH
WITH
9
A
A
10
V
V
11
E
E
12
E
V
13
A
E
14
WITH
A
15
A
V
16
B, E, F
ALL
17
A, C, D
A, C, D
18
A, C, D
A, B F
19
A - 1, 3.4
B - 2, 5, 6
A – 1 , 4, 5
B - 2, 3, 6
20
1 - cell
2 - prokaryotes
3 - eyepiece
4 - water
5 - nucleic acids
1 - biology
2 - R. Hook
3 - eukaryotes
4 - thymine
5 - hemoglobin
Administrative Verification work
Class_________________________
Thing_______________________
Topic________________________________________
Option_____
Full name of student _______________________________________
question1 option
Option 2
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2
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9
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A-
B-
A-
B-
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1 –
2 –
3 –
4 –
5 –
1 -
2 –
3 –
4 –
5 -
Checked:
Teacher: Full name __________________________ Signature _____________ Points __________ Mark _________
Deputy Director for WRM ________________ Ashurbekov I.A.
Protein molecules are
The catalase protein performs a function in the cell;
Class
1. The most common elements in the cells of living organisms are:
2. Nitrogen as an element is part of:
3. Hydrogen as an element is part of:
4. At what level of organization is there no difference between the organic and inorganic world?
5. Water is contained more in the cells:
6. Water is the basis of life:
7. Substances that are highly soluble in water are called:
8. Hydrophobic cell compounds include:
9. Carbohydrate monosaccharides include:
10. Carbohydrate polysaccharides include:
11. The main functions of fats in the cell:
12. Proteins are biopolymers of monomers, which are:
13. Amino acids differ:
14. The composition of protein molecules includes:
15. The structure of a protein molecule, which is determined by the sequence of amino acid residues:
16. The secondary structure of a protein is associated with:
17. There is a certain connection between the first and second concepts in the task .. Find this word Cell: chloroplast \u003d plant: _______________
18. Least durable structural protein is an:
20. In case of incomplete protein denaturation, the structure is destroyed first:
21. Monomers of DNA molecules are:
22. DNA nucleotides consist of:
23. The composition of DNA nucleotides differs from each other in the content of:
24. DNA nucleotides contain nitrogenous bases:
25. RNA nucleotides consist of:
26. Molecules, during the oxidation of which a lot of energy is released:
27. The most common elements in the cells of living organisms are:
28. Carbon as an element is part of:
29. Functions of water in a cell:
30. Carbohydrate monosaccharides include:
31. Carbohydrate polysaccharides include:
32. The composition of the DNA molecule includes the following residues:
33. The reaction products of the interaction of glycerol and higher fatty acids are:
34. Fats and oils in relation to water have the following properties:
35. Proteins are:
36. In aqueous solutions, amino acids exhibit the following properties:
37. Primary Structure protein is determined:
38. The primary structure of a protein is supported by bonds:
39. Enzymes perform the following functions:
40. The biological activity of a protein is determined by the structure:
41. Molecules that are most easily broken down in a cell with the release of energy:
42. Monomers of nucleic acid molecules are:
43. Nucleotides of a DNA molecule contain nitrogenous bases:
44. There are more carbohydrates:
45. Nucleotides of an RNA molecule contain nitrogenous bases:
46. Fats are soluble:
47. A molecule of a substance consisting of nucleotides and having the form of a single-stranded thread:
48. The largest molecules among nucleic acids are:
49. K salts are important for the body, because:
50. The science that studies the functioning of organisms is commonly called:
51. Ability to chemoautotrophic way of nutrition is typical for:
52. Substances that serve as universal biological energy accumulators in the cell:
53. In a DNA molecule, the number of nucleotides with cytosine is 15% of the total. What is the percentage of nucleotides with adenine in this molecule?
54. The amino acid residue of a protein is encoded by:
55. The sequence of nucleotides in one of the complementary DNA chains - AGA. What is the corresponding nucleotide sequence in the other chain?:
56. In fungal cells, as well as in animal cells, there are no:
57. Cell organelles responsible for its movement:
58. Have their own DNA:
59. From the proposed answers, choose one of the provisions of the cell theory:
61. ATP is considered the main source of energy in cells, because:
62. Metabolism occurs in every living cell and is:
63. What is the main source of energy that ensures the circulation of substances in ecosystems?
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