Summary of the works of Furmanov Chapaev
On a frosty January midnight in 1919, a work detachment assembled by Frunze was sent from the Ivanovo-Voznesensk railway station to the Kolchak front. Workers from all factories and plants come to see off their comrades. Orators make short speeches before a crowded crowd. On behalf of the detachment, Fyodor Klychkov says goodbye to the weavers. He is one of the former students, "during the revolution he quickly found a good organizer in himself." The workers know him intimately and regard him as one of their own.
The train travels to Samara for at least two weeks. In the Revolutionary Military Council, Klychkov receives a note left for him by the commander of the 4th Army, in which Frunze orders the commissars to immediately follow him to Uralsk, ahead of the detachment, which, due to the devastation on railway moves slowly. On the messenger, in a sleigh, political workers set off. Finally they meet in Uralsk with Frunze. While on the road, Klychkov listens to the drivers' stories about Chapaev as a folk hero. In Uralsk, Fedor Klychkov, after temporary work in the party committee, receives a new appointment - a commissar in a military group, the head of which is Chapaev. The continuous battles being waged by the Red Army make it impossible to organize organizational and political work. The structure of military units is often so confusing that it is not clear how far the power of one or another commander extends. Klychkov looks at the military experts who have gone over to the side of the Red Army, sometimes at a loss - do these people honestly serve the new government? Fyodor is waiting for Chapaev's arrival: this visit should, to a certain extent, clarify the ambiguity of the situation that has arisen.
Klychkov keeps a diary in which he describes his impressions of the first meeting with Chapaev. He struck him with his ordinary appearance of a man of medium height, apparently a small physical strength, but with the ability to attract the attention of others. In Chapaev, one feels an inner strength that unites people around him. At the first meeting of the commanders, he listens to all opinions and makes his own, unexpected and accurate, conclusion. Klychkov understands how much Chapaev is spontaneous, unstoppable, and sees his role in further exerting an ideological influence on the truly popular commander.
In his first battle for the village of Slomikhinskaya, Klychkov sees Chapaev rushing on a horse along the entire front line, giving the necessary orders, encouraging the fighters, keeping up with the hottest spots at the right time. The commissar admires the commander, especially since, because of his inexperience, he himself lags behind the Red Army soldiers who burst into the village. In Slomikhinskaya, robberies begin, which Chapaev stops with one of his speeches to the Red Army: “I order you never to rob again. Only scoundrels steal. Got it?!" And they unquestioningly obey him - however, returning the loot only to the poor. What is taken from the rich is divided for sale so that there is money for salaries.
Frunze summons Chapaev and Klychkov to Samara by direct wire. There he appoints Chapaev the head of the division, having previously ordered Klychkov to cool the partisan ardor of his commander. Fedor explains to Frunze that it is precisely in this direction that he is conducting his work.
Chapaev tells Klychkov his biography. He says that he was born to the daughter of the Kazan governor from a gypsy artist, which Klychkov somewhat doubts, attributing this fact to excessive fantasy folk hero. Otherwise, the biography is quite ordinary: Chapaev grazed cattle as a child, worked as a carpenter, traded in a merchant's shop, where he began to hate deceitful merchants, walked along the Volga with a hurdy-gurdy. When the war began, he went to serve in the army. Because of the betrayal of his wife, he left her, taking away the children who now live with a widow. All his life he wanted to study, he tried to read as much as possible - and he painfully feels the lack of education, saying about himself: "How there is a dark person!"
Chapaev's division is fighting against Kolchak. Victories alternate with temporary setbacks, after which Klychkov urges Chapaev to learn strategy. In disputes, sometimes very sharp, Chapaev increasingly listens to his commissar. Buguruslan, Belebey, Ufa, Uralsk - these are the milestones of the division's heroic path. Klychkov, approaching Chapaev, observes the formation of his military leadership talent. The authority of the legendary commander in the army is enormous.
The division goes to Lbischensk, from which to Uralsk more than a hundred miles.
Around - the steppes. The population meets the red regiments with hostility. More and more scouts are sent to the Chapaevs, who inform the Kolchaks about the poor supply of the Red Guards. Not enough shells, ammunition, bread. The Whites take by surprise the exhausted and hungry detachments of the Red Army. Chapaev is forced to roam the steppe in a car, on horseback, in order to more quickly lead disparate units. Klychkov is recalled from the division to Samara, no matter how he asked to be left to work next to Chapaev, given the emerging difficulties.
The headquarters of the division is located in Lbishensk, from here Chapaev continues to go around the brigades every day. Intelligence reports that no large Cossack forces were found near the village. At night, on someone's orders, a reinforced guard is removed; Chapaev did not give such an order. At dawn, the Cossacks take the Chapaevs by surprise. In a short and terrible battle, almost everyone dies. Chapaev is wounded in the arm. Next to him is constantly faithful messenger Petka Isaev, who heroically dies on the banks of the Urals. They try to send Chapaev across the river. When Chapaev almost reaches the opposite bank, a bullet hits him in the head.
The remaining units of the division are fighting their way out of the encirclement, remembering those "who with selfless courage gave their lives on the banks and in the waves of the troubled Urals."

Chapaev briefly about personality

Vasily Ivanovich Chapaev short biography for children

Vasily Ivanovich Chapaev was born in a small village in the Kazan province called Budaika on January 9 (28), 1887. He was a peasant by origin. As a child, together with his family, he moved to the village of Balakovo, Nikolaevsky district, Samara province, where he later distinguished himself as a revolutionary and intelligent military leader. Being a carpenter, Chapaev knew well the inhabitants of the nearby villages and villages. Handsome, hardworking, brave and courageous Chapaev, in short, was to the liking of many peasants. This largely determined his success in the formation of voluntary military revolutionary detachments, and in the formation of the power of the soviets in this region.

Vasily Chapaev passed the First world war. He was called up in 1914, at first he was in the reserve, but a year later he was transferred to the front line. V. Chapaev showed himself as a brave and fearless soldier. During the first year of service on the front line, he was marked with three St. George crosses of various degrees, and was promoted to the rank of junior, and then to senior non-commissioned officer. During the war he was repeatedly assigned to the award, seriously ill, was wounded. After a serious wound and a hospital, he returned to the Samara province, to Nikolaevsk in the 138th reserve regiment. Here Vasily Ivanovich became friends with the Bolshevik party organization, and began an active political and military activity. In the fall of 1917, Chapaev, by decision of the Revolutionary Committee of Nikolaevsk, was placed at the head of the 138th revolutionary regiment. In parallel, Vasily Ivanovich is engaged in administrative work and communist propaganda. After the activation of the White Guard detachments in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bNikolaevsky district, Chapaev organizes partisan detachments to protect Soviet power.

As a result of long and intense military clashes with the White Cossacks and Czechoslovak Corps, Chapaev briefly decides on a risky march into the night, and, having traveled 70 km without a single halt, liberates Nikolaevsk. This episode can be called decisive in his fate. The Chapayevites, having broken through the White Guard army, join the ranks of the Red Army. The 25th division is formed from the personnel of these detachments, and Chapaev is placed directly at the head of the command. Commanding the 25th division, and then the newly formed 22nd division, Vasily Ivanovich Chapaev played essential role in the victory of the red revolutionary forces in the Eastern direction against the army of Kolchak. Particularly interesting in this regard is the battle of Slomikhinsky, which was described in colors in Furmanov's story "Chapaev".

Vasily Ivanovich Chapaev - in short, this is a strong person both morally and physically, who knows military affairs from the inside, capable of strategic planning and decisive action. He, as a man of his time, was sincerely devoted to the revolutionary struggle, determined to win and kept his presence of mind in any situation. Thanks to his managerial and military-strategic talent, the 22nd and 25th divisions successfully defended the Ural front and more than once emerged victorious from seemingly hopeless situations. But on the night of September 5, 1919, his headquarters was surrounded by the White Guards, and after a long and fierce battle, Chapaev threw himself into the Ural River, where he drowned. The 25th division, which for a long time was headed by Vasily Ivanovich, was named after him. His name will forever remain in history Soviet Union and, of course, Russia.

On a frosty January midnight in 1919, a work detachment assembled by Frunze was sent from the Ivanovo-Voznesensk railway station to the Kolchak front. Workers from all factories and plants come to see off their comrades. Orators make short speeches before a crowded crowd. On behalf of the detachment, Fyodor Klychkov says goodbye to the weavers. He is one of the former students, "during the revolution he quickly found a good organizer in himself." The workers know him intimately and regard him as one of their own.

The train travels to Samara for at least two weeks. In the Revolutionary Military Council, Klychkov receives a note left for him by the commander of the 4th Army, in which Frunze orders the commissars to immediately follow him to Uralsk, ahead of the detachment, which, due to the devastation on the railway, is moving slowly. On the messenger, in a sleigh, political workers set off. Finally they meet in Uralsk with Frunze. While on the road, Klychkov listens to the drivers' stories about Chapaev as a folk hero. In Uralsk, Fedor Klychkov, after temporary work in the party committee, receives a new appointment - a commissar in a military group, the head of which is Chapaev. The continuous battles being waged by the Red Army make it impossible to organize organizational and political work. The structure of military units is often so confusing that it is not clear how far the power of one or another commander extends. Klychkov looks at the military experts who have gone over to the side of the Red Army, sometimes at a loss - do these people honestly serve the new government? Fyodor is waiting for Chapaev's arrival: this visit should, to a certain extent, clarify the ambiguity of the situation that has arisen.

Klychkov keeps a diary in which he describes his impressions of the first meeting with Chapaev. He struck him with his ordinary appearance of a man of medium height, apparently of little physical strength, but with the ability to attract the attention of others. In Chapaev, one feels an inner strength that unites people around him. At the first meeting of the commanders, he listens to all opinions and makes his own, unexpected and accurate, conclusion. Klychkov understands how much Chapaev is spontaneous, unstoppable, and sees his role in further exerting an ideological influence on the truly popular commander.

In his first battle for the village of Slomikhinskaya, Klychkov sees Chapaev rushing on a horse along the entire front line, giving the necessary orders, encouraging the fighters, keeping up with the hottest spots at the right time. The commissar admires the commander, especially since, because of his inexperience, he himself lags behind the Red Army soldiers who burst into the village. In Slomikhinskaya, robberies begin, which Chapaev stops with one of his speeches to the Red Army: “I order you never to rob again. Only scoundrels steal. Got it?!" And they unquestioningly obey him - however, returning the loot only to the poor. What is taken from the rich is divided for sale so that there is money for salaries.

Frunze summons Chapaev and Klychkov to Samara by direct wire. There he appoints Chapaev the head of the division, having previously ordered Klychkov to cool the partisan ardor of his commander. Fedor explains to Frunze that it is precisely in this direction that he is conducting his work.

Chapaev tells Klychkov his biography. He says that he was born to the daughter of the Kazan governor from a gypsy artist, which Klychkov somewhat doubts, attributing this fact to the excessive fantasy of a folk hero. Otherwise, the biography is quite ordinary: Chapaev grazed cattle as a child, worked as a carpenter, traded in a merchant's shop, where he began to hate deceitful merchants, walked along the Volga with a hurdy-gurdy. When the war began, he went to serve in the army. Because of the betrayal of his wife, he left her, taking away the children who now live with a widow. All his life he wanted to study, he tried to read as much as possible - and he painfully feels the lack of education, saying about himself: "How there is a dark person!"

Chapaev's division is fighting against Kolchak. Victories alternate with temporary setbacks, after which Klychkov urges Chapaev to learn strategy. In disputes, sometimes very sharp, Chapaev increasingly listens to his commissar. Buguruslan, Belebey, Ufa, Uralsk - these are the milestones of the division's heroic path. Klychkov, approaching Chapaev, observes the formation of his military leadership talent. The authority of the legendary commander in the army is enormous.

The division goes to Lbischensk, from which to Uralsk more than a hundred miles. Around - the steppes. The population meets the red regiments with hostility. More and more scouts are sent to the Chapaevs, who inform the Kolchaks about the poor supply of the Red Guards. Not enough shells, ammunition, bread. The Whites take by surprise the exhausted and hungry detachments of the Red Army. Chapaev is forced to roam the steppe in a car, on horseback, in order to more quickly lead disparate units. Klychkov is recalled from the division to Samara, no matter how he asked to be left to work next to Chapaev, given the emerging difficulties.

The headquarters of the division is located in Lbishensk, from here Chapaev continues to go around the brigades every day. Intelligence reports that no large Cossack forces were found near the village. At night, on someone's orders, a reinforced guard is removed; Chapaev did not give such an order. At dawn, the Cossacks take the Chapaevs by surprise. In a short and terrible battle, almost everyone dies. Chapaev is wounded in the arm. Next to him is constantly faithful messenger Petka Isaev, who heroically dies on the banks of the Urals. They try to send Chapaev across the river. When Chapaev almost reaches the opposite bank, a bullet hits him in the head.

The remaining units of the division are fighting their way out of the encirclement, remembering those "who with selfless courage gave their lives on the banks and in the waves of the troubled Urals."

Young Chapaev was sent to a Church school. His dad wanted his son to become a priest in the future, but, as we know, his life was not connected with the church. Already in 1908, the guy was drafted into the army and sent to Kiev. Moreover, Chapaev was returned home to the reserve ahead of schedule.

During the peace, Chapaev was a carpenter and a family man in Melekess. However, in 1914, with the outbreak of the First World War, the soldier went to serve in royal army. He ended up in the 82nd Infantry Division, and it was she who fought the Germans.

Due to the fact that Chapaev was temporarily out of action due to injury, he was sent to Saratov, to the hospital. There he met with February Revolution. After treatment, Chapaev went to the Bolsheviks.

Tactician

One of the features of Chapaev is that he had several different tactics used during the march of the division in an easterly direction. Characteristic his military actions - to leave part of the army in a small margin. His army always moved so fast and was so grouped that the whites did not have time to counterattack.

And here is another important point - in the army of Chapaev there was a trained group, the main task of which was to strike during the battle. With the help of just such a maneuver, Chapaev's army brought real chaos into the ranks of the Whites.

Doom

For one of the battles, namely for the victory in the city of Ufa, he received his Order of the Red Banner. In the summer, Chapaev and the division defended the approaches to the Volga. With the participation of Chapaev, Ufa, being an important city, was taken and completely cleared of whites.

In September 1919, Chapaev, while in Lbischensk, was attacked by the Whites. The goal of White's attack was Chapaev, who was a real headache for his opponents. As a result, Chapaev, a valiant husband and a brave warrior, died. This ended his biography, but his image was repeatedly transferred to the works of our time.

Some interesting facts

1. Nickname Chepay, or Take. Chapai is not a real, but an acquired surname. She came from her grandfather, who worked loading logs. Chepay - take it, cling it.
2. Red centaur. The stereotypical image of Chapaev is a luxurious mustache, a checker and boiled potatoes on the map of military operations. This image was born thanks to the actor Boris Babochkin. Without all this, we cannot imagine Chapaev on horseback. However, there is an explanation for this - Chkalov's navigator Alexander Belyakov said that for the first time, when he saw Chapaev, he was ahead of the army on horseback and seemed to have grown into his horse. And then he was on a horse-pacer due to the fact that he was wounded in the thigh.
3. Started by car. Again, due to a wound in the thigh, Chapaev moved from the pacer to the car. At first it was a shaky "Stever", then just a "Packard", not created for the steppe fighting. Therefore, the best option is a Ford car.
4. Chemical weapons. Chapaev understood that it was difficult to fight only with sabers, so he used armored formations, equipment, armadillos and even poisonous substances.
5. Came out. Everyone who watched the film about Chapaev tearfully begged him to swim out. And in 1941, the short film "Chapaev is with us" was released, where it is shown that Chapaev nevertheless emerges.

Chapaev Vasily Ivanovich short biography participant of the Civil and First World Wars, the commander of the Red Army is described in this article.

Chapaev Vasily Ivanovich short biography

Chapaev Vasily Ivanovich was born on January 28, 1887 in the village of Budaika in a peasant family. He was the sixth child in the family. Large family in search a better life moved to the village of Balakovo. His parents sent him to a church school, hoping that his son would become a priest. But they didn't. But he married Pelageya Metlina, the daughter of a local priest. When he was drafted into the army, he served there for a year, and for health reasons the guy was commissioned.

Returning home, Chapaev worked as a carpenter until 1914, trying to feed his wife and three children. In January 1914, he was sent to the front of the First World War, where he showed himself to be a brave and skillful warrior. For courage and courage he was awarded the St. George medal and St. George's crosses. He received the title of Knight of St. George.

In 1917, when the Bolsheviks came to power, he took their side and showed himself to be an excellent organizer. While in the Saratov province, Chapaev created 14 detachments of the Red Guard. They successfully fought with General Kaledin. A year later, in May, the Pugachev brigade was formed from 14 detachments. Chapaev headed it.

His fame and popularity grew just before our eyes. In 1919, he was the commander of the 25th Infantry Division and conducted military operations against the White Army of Kolchak.

An early death prevented him from revealing the true talent of the commander September 5, 1919. The division of Vasily Ivanovich made offensive operation and lagged behind the main part of the forces. They were attacked by the White Guard army of Borodin. Chapaev was wounded in the stomach and head, from which he died.

It is worth noting that Chapaev's life is shrouded in secrets, legends and conjectures. The only thing you can say is about his personal life. When he fought at the front, his wife Pelageya left him. Vasily Ivanovich married a second time, and also to Pelageya. And she also went to another, his best friend.