The sad first place in the list of the bloodiest conflicts in Russia is firmly occupied by the Great Patriotic War, which lasted from June 22, 1941 to May 9, 1945. True, at that time Russia was not a sovereign state, but was part of the USSR as the largest republic in terms of area. The victory over the Hitlerite coalition led by Nazi Germany came at the cost of a colossal effort of all forces, mass heroism and self-sacrifice.
The allies (USA, UK, and to a much lesser extent France) also contributed to the overall victory, but the main brunt of the war fell on the USSR.
The exact number of victims, including dead military personnel and civilians, has not yet been determined. According to the latest data, it is about 27 million people - this is the population of a large European state. In the entire Soviet Union there are almost no families left where there is no close person. During this war, the winters were incredible, and it was this fact that played into the hands of our country.
Russia's Memorable Bloody Wars
The Civil War, which took place in most of Russia from March 1918 to November 1920 (and in Far East it lasted until the autumn of 1922). The war was characterized by extreme bitterness and irreconcilability of the parties. However, this is a characteristic feature of all civil wars, when a son goes against his father, and a brother against his brother. According to historians, the approximate number of victims of the Civil War (counting those who died from hunger and epidemics) ranges from 8 to 13 million people.
Such a large difference in the calculations is explained by the unsatisfactory accounting of losses in the armies of both sides, as well as the loss of many archival documents in subsequent years.
The First World War, in which our country participated from August 1914 to March 1918, also brought enormous damage to Russia. The losses of one army amounted to about 2.5 million people. And according to some historians - about 3.2 million. The exact number of civilian casualties in the combat zone is still unknown.
The Patriotic War of 1812 was also very bloody, when the losses of the Russian army in killed and died from wounds and diseases amounted to about 210 thousand people.
And in Russian-Japanese war, which took place from 1904 to 1905, our losses, according to various estimates, ranged from 47 thousand to 70 thousand people.
This topic is relevant, despite the seemingly peaceful time in our country, because in addition to open, bloody wars, there are also latent ones that carry away less lives than in the days of battles with spears, swords, tanks, machine guns, bombs.
So, let's look at which wars were the largest in terms of the number of victims and the scale of destruction in the entire history of mankind known to us. There were more than 1 million casualties in major wars.
There were about a million and a little more casualties in the wars:
Biafran War of Independence (1967-1970), Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-1598), Siege of Jerusalem (73 AD, episode of the First Jewish War), Rwandan Genocide (1994), Korean War(1953), etc.
There were about 2-3 million casualties in the wars: Chaka's Conquests ( South Africa, 19th century), Goguryeo-Sui Wars (598-614), Mexican Revolution (1910-1920).
Religious wars in France (1568-1598) - claimed the lives of more than 4 million people.
The Huguenot Wars, the French wars of religion that were fought at the end of the 16th century, were essentially a confrontation between Catholics and Protestant Hugents.
"Religious or Huguenot wars- a series of protracted civil wars between Catholics and Protestants (Huguenots) that tore France apart under last kings Valois dynasty, from 1562 to 1598. The Huguenots were led by the Bourbons (Prince of Condé, Henry of Navarre) and Admiral de Coligny, and the Catholics were led by the Queen Mother Catherine de Medici and the powerful Guises.
Its neighbors tried to influence the course of events in France - Elizabeth of England supported the Huguenots, and Philip of Spain supported the Catholics. The wars ended with the accession of Henry of Navarre, who converted to Catholicism. French throne and the publication of the compromise Edict of Nantes (1598)."
In the 15-16th century in Europe, religion was not just an outlet for those seeking the eternal, religion was the cause of wars, almost the main one, religion divided society into enemies and friends, into friends and foes, was the essence of the monarchy, the main punitive element of the state, with the blessing those who were ordained were married and executed. As we see, it got to the point that some were cutting down others only because they had different views on God.
Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815) - more than 3.5 million victims.
“Napoleonic Wars - under this name are known mainly the wars that were waged by Napoleon I with different states Europe when he was First Consul and Emperor (November 1799 - June 1815). In a broader sense, this includes Napoleon’s Italian campaign (1796-1797) and his Egyptian expedition (1798-1799), although they (especially the Italian campaign) are usually classified as so-called revolutionary wars.”
Napoleon created the first French empire, which lasted from 1804 to 1815. Having become, as a result of the coup of the 18th Brumaire (November 9, 1799), the first consul of France, Napoleon launched an attack with the goal of conquering all of Europe, the plans included Italy, Austria, Germany, Prussia, etc.
According to official data alone, battles in the warring countries claimed the lives of 2.2-3.6 million soldiers and civilians. Some historians even double these figures. Having suffered setbacks in the Spanish-Portuguese War, defeat in the war with Russia (1812) - and Napoleon’s empire began to show cracks.
The War of 1812 is only depicted in Russian art in paintings, in world works such as “War and Peace” by L. Tolstoy, and Napoleon’s wars have become a source of inspiration, no matter how cynical it may sound, for many creators around the world.
In terms of the number of victims, the Napoleonic wars are considered one of the largest and bloodiest.
Second Congo War - 5.4 million casualties
« The Second Congolese War (French: Deuxième guerre du Congo), also known as the Great African War (1998-2002), was a war in the Democratic Republic of the Congo that involved more than twenty armed groups representing nine states.
By 2008, the war and its aftermath had killed 5.4 million people, mostly from disease and starvation, making it one of the deadliest wars in world history and the deadliest conflict since World War II.”
Many historians see the beginning of the conflict as the genocide in Rwanda, then Tutsi refugees moved to Zaire, then, after the Rwandan Patriotic Front came to power in Rwanda, some Hutu refugees rushed to seek refuge in Zaire, and therefore in the territory of the former Republic of Congo (now Zaire ) the unfinished war in Rwanda unfolded. Hutu radicals began to use Zaire as a rear for attacks on Rwanda.
Chinese Civil War(1927-1950) - 8 million victims
“Civil War in China (Chinese trad.國共内戰, ex.国共内战, pinyin: guógòng neìzhàn, pal.: gogong neizhan, literally: “internal war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party”) - a series of armed conflicts on Chinese territory between the forces of the Republic of China and the Chinese Communists in 1927 - 1950 (with interruptions).
The war began in 1927 after the Northern Expedition, when, by decision of the right wing of the Kuomintang, led by Chiang Kai-shek, the alliance between the Kuomintang and the CPC was broken.”
A war that lasted 23 years and claimed millions of lives... At times, such as in 1936, when China united in the fight against the Japanese invaders, the battle weakened, but after the completion of the events for which there was unity, it began again with renewed vigor.
The war continued until 1950; in 1949, the formation of the Chinese Empire was proclaimed in Beijing. People's Republic, in May 1951, by signing an agreement on the peaceful end of the conflict, the last captured stronghold - Tibet - was liberated.
Thirty Years' War - 11.5 million dead
“The Thirty Years' War was a military conflict for hegemony in the Holy Roman Empire and Europe, which lasted from 1618 to 1648 and affected almost all European countries to one degree or another.
The war began as a religious clash between the Protestants and Catholics of the empire, but then escalated into a struggle against Habsburg dominance in Europe. The conflict was the last major religious war in Europe and gave rise to the Westphalian system of international relations."
This war affected all segments of the population - as history goes, the most affected country was Germany, more than 5 million people died there, the economic, productive system was destroyed, only a century later the country's population began to recover. Sweden and Germany fought.
Civil War in Russia (1917-1922) - 12 million dead (including collateral losses - more than 25 million people)
“The Russian Civil War (October 25 (November 7), 1917 - October 25, 1922/July 16, 1923) - a series of armed conflicts between various political, ethnic, social groups And state entities on the territory of the former Russian Empire, following the Bolsheviks' rise to power as a result October revolution 1917."
The civil war between the “Reds” and the “Whites” was a natural result of the revolution of 1904-1907, also the First World War, ending in the victory of the Bolsheviks.
Perhaps this is one of the most brutal and memorable wars for the Russian people, not only in the 20th century, but in all of history, because the war was fought not with external, foreign enemies, but with Russians... The population of the homeland was divided into two camps and “ interrupted" his own people.
The horrors of that era are described in many ways literary works, captured on rare photos, many filmed legendary films based on the works and that war, the ruthlessness of their own compatriots, blinded by the idea, is amazing. The bodies of the shot people were taken by trucks from the Chekist base to burial places. One of the works banned at that time, Zazubrin’s story “Sliver,” vividly tells about the revolution - “a beautiful and cruel mistress, without rights, stingily, harshly imposing her order of life on us, clearing the way for herself with corpses... By the way, the author himself, Vladimir Zazubrin, was shot in 1937 for belonging to a right-wing sabotage and terrorist organization. The novel was first published only in 1989.
The “Reds” - the Bolsheviks - won. The confrontation between the “reds” and the “whites” grew into a bloody massacre, characteristic feature The civil war was that the enemy sides achieved their goal exclusively through violent measures.
Historians explain this situation by saying that
“Social and class confrontation, which has reached the stage of civil war, divides society into “us” and “strangers,” into “us” and “them.” At such moments, enemies and adversaries are generally taken out of the sphere of morality and are perceived as “non-humans” to whom universal human norms do not apply. This is precisely what creates the opportunity to transform immoral terror into morally justified terror...”
Even during the unfinished war, Russia was defeated.
“The territories of Poland, Finland, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania seceded from the former Russian Empire, Western Ukraine, Belarus, Kara region (in Armenia) and Bessarabia. According to experts, the population in the remaining territories barely reached 135 million people.
Losses in these territories as a result of wars, epidemics, emigration, and declining birth rates have amounted to at least 25 million people since 1914.”
The level of production fell, plants and factories were destroyed, the country was swallowed up by chaos, poverty and devastation.
The number of street children ranged from 4.5 to 7 million people.
"The First World War (July 28, 1914 - November 11, 1918) is one of the largest-scale armed conflicts in human history."
The actual beginning of the already brewing conflict was the so-called “Sarajevo Murder” on June 28, 1914, when the Archduke of Austria Franz Ferdinand, who advocated the creation of national autonomies in Austria-Hungary, was killed by a young Serbian terrorist.
“As a result of the military conflict, four empires ceased to exist: Russian, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman and German (although the Weimar Republic, which arose instead of the Kaiser’s Germany, formally continued to be called German Empire). The participating countries lost more than 10 million soldiers and about 12 million civilians killed, and about 55 million people were wounded."
Participants in the war were:
Quadruple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria.
Entente: Russia, France, Great Britain.
Allies of the Entente (supported the Entente in the war): USA, Japan, Serbia, Italy (participated in the war on the side of the Entente since 1915, despite being a member Triple Alliance), Montenegro, Belgium, Egypt, Portugal, Romania, Greece, Brazil, China, Cuba, Nicaragua, Siam, Haiti, Liberia, Panama, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Bolivia, Dominican Republic, Peru, Uruguay, Ecuador.
In 1919, Germany was forced to sign the Treaty of Versailles to peacefully end the conflict with the victorious countries.
As a result, Germany lost more, Russia was the first World War led to revolutions, civil war, and for all participants - to the liquidation of several empires. For Germany, defeat in this war led to the collapse of the monarchy, weakening of economic and territorial positions, the subsequent humiliation led to the Nazis coming to power, who later unleashed the Second World War.
Any war is always not just a conflict, it is a cause of something and a consequence of something, often another war.
Conquests of Tamerlane (second half of the 14th century) - 20 million dead
Dungan uprising (19th century) - 20.5 million victims
Conquest of the Ming Dynasty by the Qing Dynasty - 25 million dead
Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) - 30 million victims
Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864, China) - 30 million victims
Rebellion of An Lushan (755-763, China) - 36 million victims
Mongol conquests (13th century) - 70 million dead
There is information that as a result of the conquest of Northern and South America(over several centuries) - over 138 million people died.
During the development of the territory of North and South America, that is, from the period 1491 to 1691, although in fact the development began in the 10th century - during all this time, more than one hundred million people died in battles with the colonialists and indigenous people.
World War II (1939 - 1945) - 85 million dead
“The Second World War (September 1, 1939[ - September 2, 1945) is a war of two world military-political coalitions, which became the largest armed conflict in human history.
62 states out of 73 existing at that time (80% of the world's population) participated in it. The fighting took place on the territory of three continents and in the waters of four oceans. This is the only conflict in which nuclear weapons were used.”
The Second World War, in terms of the number of victims, the number of countries participating, and the scale of destruction, became one of the largest world battles in human history. 72 states participated in it, which is 80% of the world's population, and military operations were carried out on the territory of 40 states. Human losses - at least 65 million people. The military losses and expenses incurred were also colossal.
After the war the role weakened Western Europe, the USSR and the USA became the main ones in the world. Nazi and fascist ideologies were declared criminal and prohibited at the Nuremberg trials.
And although more than 70 years have passed since the end of the battles, many Russians know what the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War were.
Perhaps, not a single military battle has been dedicated to so many works of art - literary works, cinematic masterpieces, etc. A lot of photographs have been preserved of victims of Nazi camps, battles, fragments of the war, soldiers, and the Nazis themselves.
A lot of documentation and evidence of the horrors of those times has been preserved about the inhuman, cruel experiments of the Nazis on prisoners, about gas chambers and tons of victims, about tens of thousands of healthy babies who were born by Russian women in captivity, drowned in a slop bucket by German guards, about the murdered Jews during Holocaust...
Human history has always been bloody, rich in large-scale destruction and human casualties. However, some events stand out from others because of their unimaginable catastrophic consequences.
1. The Atlantic slave trade. Death toll: 15 million
The Atlantic (or transatlantic) slave trade began in the 16th century, peaked in the 17th century, until it was finally abolished in the 19th century. Basic driving force This trade was the need of Europeans to establish themselves in the New World. Thus, European and American settlers began to use slaves from West Africa to meet the huge labor demands on their plantations. There are widely varying estimates of the number of slaves who died during this period. But it is believed that out of ten slaves who ended up in the hold of the ship, at least four died from cruel treatment.
2. End of the Yuan War and transition to the Ming Dynasty. Death toll: 30 million
The Yuan Dynasty was founded by Kublai Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan, around 1260. This dynasty turned out to be the shortest in Chinese history. Its representatives ruled for one century, and in 1368 everything collapsed and chaos began. Warring clans began to fight for land, crime increased, and then famine began among the population. Then the Ming Dynasty took control. The Ming Dynasty has been described by some historians as "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history."
3. Lushan Uprising. Death toll: 36 million
About 500 years before the Yuan Dynasty, China was controlled by the Tang Dynasty. Lushan, a general from northern China, decided to seize power and declared himself emperor (creation of the Yang Dynasty). The Lushan Rebellion lasted from 755 to 763, and the Yan Dynasty was eventually defeated by the Tang Empire. Ancient wars were always very bloody affairs, and this uprising was no exception. Millions of people died, and the Tang Dynasty never recovered from the consequences of that war.
4. Taiping Rebellion. Death toll: 40 million
Hong Xiuquan / © www.flickr.com Let's move forward a thousand years, and we see the Chinese again. But this time they get a little help from the French and British. In 1850, China was under the control of the Qing dynasty. This dynasty had serious problems even before the rebellion, due to natural and economic disasters that caused chaos. It is also worth mentioning that it was during this period that Europeans began to import opium into China. It was then that Hong Xiuquan entered the historical scene, who, among other things, claimed that he - younger brother Jesus Christ. Hong created the "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom" and began the massacre. The Taiping Rebellion happened around the same time as the American Civil War, although the latter was much less bloody.
Here is another example of the social catastrophe caused by an attempt to change the economic and social landscape huge state in a short period of time.
Between 1917 and 1953, millions of people in our country died: first the revolution, then the civil war, famine, forced relocations, and concentration camps. In the huge number of victims, the culprit is considered to be the overly irrepressible desire of Secretary General Joseph Stalin to build a new, better future for our country at absolutely any cost, while maintaining his own total power.
6. The Great Chinese Famine. Death toll: 43 million
Fast forward another century, and here we are in communist China. The period from 1958 to 1961 is known as the Great Leap Forward, and it is an object lesson in what can happen when a government tries to change a country too quickly.
Drought and bad weather conditions led to famine. However, the real disaster was the government's attempts to transform the country from an agrarian economy to a communist society. Chinese peasants describe this period as "three bitter years." And that's something of an understatement. And a few decades later, China's economy became the largest in the world. But the price for this was very high.
7. Mongol conquests. Death toll: 60 million
If there is a person who can be said to have more blood on his hands than anyone in history, it is Genghis Khan. Under his leadership (and the leadership of his sons after his death), the Mongol Empire became an empire the likes of which the world had never seen. At the peak of its power it held 16% earth's surface. The Mongol army conquered Asia and killed its enemies with incredible cruelty, which lasted for two centuries. The death toll, of course, would have been much higher if the Mongols had continued their advance to the West and Europe. However, despite all these killings, during the time of Mongol rule, everything was not so bad: there was religious tolerance for a variety of faiths, and there were also tax breaks for the poor.
8. First World War. Death toll: 65 million
Although other wars were also major, this one was truly global. The reasons for the “great war” are varied and quite complex, but it is worth mentioning that in 1914, when several European countries suddenly it became crowded, they united into two large alliances and fought with each other for European dominance. Europe was divided, and then it dragged other countries with it into a rapidly growing military conflict. During this war, outdated tactics were often used, which were fatal to the soldiers: these young men were often ordered to go to full height under enemy machine gun fire. When it was all over in 1918, Europe and the rest of the world began to count the number of dead and the enormous losses. Many then hoped that such madness would never happen again.
9. World War II. Death toll: 72 million
After taking a break for several years, the world war broke out again in 1939. During the short interval between these wars, each country decided to build several new deadly machines, and more efficient vehicles, both sea and land, were developed. In addition, soldiers now have automatic weapons. And as if all this wasn't enough, one of the countries decided to build a very large bomb. The Allies eventually won the war, but the losses were enormous.
10. Colonization of America. Death toll: 100 million
When Christopher Columbus, John Cabot and other explorers discovered a new continent in the 15th century, it must have seemed like the beginning of a new era. It was a new paradise that enterprising Europeans soon began to call home. However, there was a problem: there was already an indigenous population living on this land.
Over the next centuries, European sailors regularly brought death to what is now North and South America.
Many people died as a result of the war, but in addition to this, the lack of immunity among the natives to European diseases led to huge casualties. By some estimates, approximately 80% of the Native American population died after contact with Europeans.
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The history of mankind is the history of wars. The Swiss Jean-Jacques Babel calculated that throughout history since 3500 BC. and to this day, humanity has lived peacefully for only 292 years.
But there were different wars. It is often difficult to estimate the number of deaths in war, but if we take the minimum figures for casualty estimates, the picture emerges like this.
10. Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815)
The wars that Napoleon Bonaparte waged with various European countries from 1799 to 1815 are usually called the Napoleonic Wars. To the redistribution political map Europe, the gifted commander began even earlier than he carried out the coup of the 18th Brumaire and became First Consul. Hanoverian Campaign, War of the Third Coalition or Russian-Austro-French War of 1805, War of the Fourth Coalition, or Russian-Prussian-French War of 1806-1807, which ended with the famous Peace of Tilsit, War of the Fifth Coalition, or Austro-French War of 1809, Patriotic War War of 1812 and War of the Sixth Coalition European powers against Napoleon and, finally, the campaign of the “Hundred Days” era, which ended with the defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo, claimed the lives of at least 3,5 million people. Many historians double this figure.
9. Russian Civil War (1917-1923)
In the civil war that followed the 1917 revolution in Russia, more people than in all Napoleonic Wars: no less 5,5 million people, and according to bolder estimates, all 9 million. And although these losses amounted to less than half a percent of the world's population, for our country the war between the Reds and the Whites had the most dire consequences. No wonder Anton Ivanovich Denikin abolished all awards in his army - what awards in a fratricidal war? And, by the way, they are in vain to think that the Civil War ended in 1920 with the Crimean evacuation and the fall of White Crimea. In fact, the Bolsheviks managed to suppress the last pockets of resistance in Primorye only in June 1923, and the fight against the Basmachi in Central Asia lasted until the early forties.
8. Dungan uprising (1862)
In 1862, the so-called Dungan uprising against the Qing Empire began in northwestern China. Chinese and non-Chinese Muslim national minorities - Dungans, Uighurs, Salars - rebelled, as Bolshaya writes. Soviet Encyclopedia, against the national oppression of the Chinese-Manchu feudal lords and the Qing dynasty. English-speaking historians do not entirely agree with this and see the origins of the uprising in racial and class antagonism and in economics, but not in religious strife and rebellion against ruling dynasty. Be that as it may, the uprising, which began in May 1862 in Weinan County, Shaanxi Province, spread to the provinces of Gansu and Xinjiang. There was no single headquarters for the uprising, and in the war everyone suffered, according to various estimates, from 8 up to 12 million people. The uprising was brutally suppressed as a result, and the surviving rebels were sheltered Russian empire. Their descendants still live in Kyrgyzstan, Southern Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.
7. Rebellion of Ai Lushan (8th century AD)
The era of the Tang Dynasty is traditionally considered in China to be the period of the highest power of the country, when China was far ahead of its contemporary countries. And the civil war at that time was a match for the country - grandiose. In world historiography it is called the Ai Lushan uprising. Thanks to the favor of Emperor Xuanzong and his beloved concubine Yang Guifei, a Turk (or Sogdian) in Chinese service, Ai Lushan concentrated enormous power in the army - under his command were 3 of the 10 border provinces of the Tang Empire. In 755, Ai Lushan rebelled and the following year proclaimed himself emperor of the new Yan dynasty. And although already in 757 the sleeping leader of the uprising was stabbed to death by his trusted eunuch, the rebellion was only pacified by February 763. The number of victims is staggering: the smallest number of deaths 13 million people. And if you believe the pessimists and assume that the population of China at that time decreased by 36 million people, then you will have to admit that the rebellion of Ai Lushan reduced the then world population by more than 15 percent. In this case, if we count the number of victims, it was the largest armed conflict in the entire history of mankind until World War II.
6. Firstworld war (1914-1918)
The hero of Francis Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby called it "the belated migration of the Teutonic tribes." It was called the war against war, the Great War, the European War. The name with which it remained to live in history was coined by the Times military columnist Colonel Charles Repington: The First World War.
The starting shot of the world meat grinder was the shot in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914. From this day until the armistice on November 11, 1918, deaths by the most conservative measure 15 million If you come across the number 65 million, don’t be alarmed: it also includes all those who died from the Spanish flu, the most massive influenza pandemic in the history of mankind. In addition to the mass of victims, the result of World War I was the liquidation of four entire empires: Russian, Ottoman, German and Austria-Hungary.
5. Wars of Tamerlane (14th century)
Do you remember Vasily Vereshchagin’s painting “The Apotheosis of War”? So, initially it was called “The Triumph of Tamerlane,” and all because the great eastern commander and conqueror loved to build pyramids from human skulls. It must be said that there was no shortage of material: over 45 years conquests lame Timur - in Persian Timur-e-Lyang, and in our opinion Tamerlane - laid, no more nor less, more than 3.5 percent of the population globe second half of the 14th century. Minimum – 15 million, or even 20. Wherever he went: Iran, Transcaucasia, India, Golden Horde, Ottoman Empire - interests iron lame spread widely. Why “iron”? But because the name Timur, or rather Temur, is translated from Turkic languages as “iron”. By the end of Tamerlane's reign, his empire extended from Transcaucasia to Punjab. Emir Timur did not manage to conquer China, although he tried - death interrupted his campaign.
4. Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864)
China is again in fourth place, which is not surprising: the country is populated. And again the times of the Qing Empire, that is, turbulent: the opium wars, the Dungan uprising, the Yihetuan movement, the Xinhai revolution... And the bloodiest Taiping uprising, which claimed lives according to the most conservative estimates 20 million people. The immodest increase this figure to 100 million, that is, to 8% of the planet's population. The uprising, which began in 1850, was essentially a peasant war - disenfranchised Chinese peasants rose up against the Manchu Qing dynasty. The goals were the best: to overthrow the Manchus, drive out foreign colonialists and create a kingdom of freedom and equality - Taiping heavenly kingdom, where the word Taiping itself means “Great Calm”. The uprising was led by Hong Xiuquan, who decided that he was the younger brother of Jesus Christ. But it didn’t work out Christianly, that is, mercifully, although the Taiping Kingdom was created in South China, and its population reached 30 million. The "Hairy Bandits", so called because they rejected the braids imposed on the Chinese by the Manchus, occupied big cities, got involved in the war foreign countries, uprisings began in other parts of the empire... The uprising was suppressed only in 1864, and then only with the support of the British and French.
3. Capture of China by the Manchu dynasty
You will laugh, but... Again the Qing Dynasty, this time the era of the conquest of power in China, 1616-1662. 25 millions of victims, or almost five percent of the planet's inhabitants - this is the price of creating an empire founded in 1616 by the Manchu clan Aisin Gyoro on the territory of Manchuria, that is, the present northeast China. In less than three decades, all of China, part of Mongolia and a large piece of Central Asia came under her rule. The Chinese Ming Empire weakened and fell under the blows of the Great Pure State - Da Qing-kuo. What was won in blood lasted a long time: the Qing Empire was destroyed by the Xinhai Revolution of 1911-1912, the six-year-old Emperor Pu Yi abdicated the throne. However, he will still be destined to lead the country - the puppet state of Manchukuo, created by the Japanese occupiers on the territory of Manchuria and which existed until 1945.
2. Wars of the Mongol Empire (13-15 centuries)
Historians call the Mongol Empire the state that emerged in the 13th century as a result of the conquests of Genghis Khan and his successors. Its territory was the largest in world history and extended from the Danube to the Sea of Japan and from Novgorod to Southeast Asia. The area of the empire is still amazing - approximately 24 million square kilometers. The number of people who died during the period of its formation, existence and collapse will also not leave you indifferent: according to the most optimistic estimates, it is no less 30 million Pessimists number all 60 million. Is it true, we're talking about about a significant historical period - from the first years of the 13th century, when Temujin united the warring nomadic tribes into a single Mongolian state and received the title of Genghis Khan, and until the standing on the Ugra in 1480, when the Moscow state under Grand Duke Ivan III was completely freed from the Mongol-Tatar yoke . During this time, from 7.5 to more than 17 percent of the world's population died.
1. World War II (1939-1945)
The Second World War holds the most terrible records. She is also the bloodiest - total number its victims are cautiously estimated at 40 millions, and carelessly in all 72. It is also the most destructive: the total damage to all the warring countries exceeded the material losses from all previous wars combined and is considered equal to one and a half, or even two trillion dollars. This war is the most, so to speak, global war - 62 states out of 73 existing on the planet at that moment, or 80% of the Earth's population, participated in it in one form or another. The war was on the ground, in the skies and on the sea - fighting were conducted on three continents and in the waters of four oceans. This was the only conflict to date in which nuclear weapons were used.
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