Massage of speech muscles. How is speech therapy massage done? Detailed description of the methods

Speech therapy massage is part of a rehabilitation program to restore and normalize speech function. It is prescribed for both children and adults. This complex method, which uses previously disparate forms of speech therapy correction: breathing, voice and gymnastics, as well as direct massaging of the muscles of the face, neck, parts of the speech apparatus - tongue, lips and cheeks from the inside.

The opinions of experts on the advisability of prescribing children's speech therapy massage were divided. Some consider it nothing more than a fashionable phenomenon, others - effective way solving speech problems.

Speech therapy massage stimulates the muscles involved in the production of sounds, which improves blood circulation and helps to accelerate the conduction of nerve impulses or relieve spasm. The patient quickly becomes aware of uncontrolled areas, and massage actions help to learn how to manage them, establish neural connections between the action and the result, which are quickly automated.

Indications for appointment

Speech therapy massage for children is effective for the following speech disorders:

• , which is characterized by a violation of innervation, due to which the lips, tongue and soft palate do not move properly. The goal of speech therapy massage for dysarthria is to normalize muscle tone and develop articulatory movements;
• - violation of the sound flow direction algorithm, which causes "nasal" - speaking "through the nose".

• Mechanical, namely, the shortening of the sublingual frenulum. In some cases, it is cut, in others it is stretched with the help of massage and gymnastics.
• Stuttering is a neurotic speech disorder.

An important nuance: it makes sense to prescribe a speech therapy massage when the specialist understands that speech impairment is due precisely to insufficient conduction of impulses from certain parts of the speech apparatus. It is doubtful to resort to manipulation in autism, mental retardation. This method is aimed at stimulating rather than triggering the missing speech function.

Efficiency and tasks

Speech therapy massage, in addition to the above-mentioned stimulation of the conduction of nerve fibers, helps to improve the elasticity of muscles, their contractility. Depending on the nature of the movements, different tasks are solved. Often, neurological pathology suggests the presence of spasm in some areas and hypotension in others. In such cases, a combined effect is necessary. To do this, the specialist feels with his hands various parts of the speech apparatus, the muscles of the collar zone and determines their condition.

Massage tasks:

1. Normalization of tone - strengthening the muscles of the articulatory apparatus or relieving spasm.
2. Improving the contractile functions of those muscles that should be involved in the construction of sounds.
3. Stimulation of proprioception - sensations in a given area. With the help of speech therapy massage, the patient learns to listen to the sensations in the lips, cheeks, tongue and distinguish different states. This is an important stage before learning to control their work, manage them.
4. Decreased salivation - hypersalivation that occurs with diseases of the central nervous system.
5. Strengthening the pharyngeal reflex - the contractility of the muscles of the larynx, pharynx.

Stroking and tapping relaxes, pinching and kneading - tone up.

Kinds

There are several types of speech therapy massage. The classification is based on the main methods and techniques. In some cases, the speech therapist works exclusively with his fingers, in others he uses special tools. Each species has its own characteristics and indications.

Manual

The name itself suggests that the hands of a masseur-speech therapist act as a tool. There are several subspecies in this category:

• Classical massage: when performing it, the speech therapist uses classic techniques - stroking, rubbing, pinching. Spatula, toothbrush, nipples can be used as additional tools. This method does not use the principle of reflex action, in which the effect is achieved by stimulating the nerve bundles, but by kneading the muscles.
• Acupressure: the task of a specialist is to influence specific reflex zones - points. The massage is local in nature: they work with certain areas, for example, the cheeks, and do not massage their entire surface. This type is also called massage on biologically active points, segmental-reflex.

The techniques of classical speech therapy massage are described by Dyakova E.A., who developed the sequence of its implementation, techniques and techniques.

hardware

All movements are performed by special devices. This type is not so common due to the fact that there is no contact between the massage therapist and the patient: the specialist focuses on the sensations in the hands, namely, whether the muscles are tense or relaxed. And depending on this regulates the speed, intensity of movements.

Hardware speech therapy massage should be used with even more caution than classical. The reason is the strength of the impact: intense vibrations of the electric massager can have an unpredictable effect. However, hardware massage gives good results with a sensitive specialist who uses a combination of techniques.

probe

Probe speech therapy massage was developed by a talented speech therapist Novikova E.V. The essence of massage according to Novikova: the impact on the affected areas with the help of 9 different types probe, the choice of which is determined by the affected area, the degree and sequence in working with it. Probes for speech therapy massage have a different shape, which means they have a different effect:

• forked - has the shape of a fork with teeth raised up. The speech therapist gently cuts the palate, cheeks, lips with them, as a result of which their muscles begin to contract. After short tingling, the probe begins to swing, and later rotate;
• figure eight - the device looks like 2 loops. They press on the tongue and make swaying movements without moving. On the cheeks rub up and down;
• sleigh - small, medium, large: different sizes are needed to regulate the grip area and pressure force;
• hatchet - they press the muscles and perform sliding movements. With increased tone - the intensity of pressing is minimal, with hypotonicity - they press harder;
• cross - zones for stimulating the work of the tongue. It is pressed on the muscle and pushed so that the patient learns to contract the tongue;
• pusher - for alternating relaxation and pressure.

The effectiveness and speed of obtaining the result depends not only on the speech therapist-masseur, but also on the parents, how skillfully they learn the techniques of speech therapy massage in order to consolidate the effect obtained at home.

Usually, children tolerate speech therapy massage with iron probes well. To eliminate the fear of the instrument, they give it to touch, turn it in their hands. With a deep degree of violations, pain is possible at first - this is how rigid, spasmodic muscles make themselves felt.

Recommendations for speech therapy massage at home

You can carry out speech therapy massage at home. For this, it is important for parents to know not only his technique, but also how to create the necessary conditions:

1. The child should be in such a position that the neck muscles do not strain - reclining or lying down.
2. If the muscles of the shoulders and the collar zone are tense, relax them: holding the child’s neck from behind with one hand, with the other do neat rotational movement around in both directions. Make smooth swinging movements from side to side like a pendulum.
3. It is important to relax the muscles of the neck, because its spasm causes tension in the root of the tongue. To do this, it is easy to stroke.
4. Next comes a relaxing speech therapy massage of the muscles of the face and lips. Basic rules: massage with both hands, directing them from the center to the edges. The skin should not stretch, the hands just glide. Stroking the facial muscles: - from the forehead to the temples;

   - from the eyebrows to the hair growth zone on the head;

   - from the forehead and around the eyes;

   - from the bridge of the nose along the eyebrows to the hair growth zone;

   - from the forehead to the cheeks, chin and neck;

   - from the earlobe to the wings of the nose;

   - pinch along the lower edge of the lower jaw.

   Relaxing lip massage. Strokes:

   - tapping with fingertips over the entire area.

   If there is asymmetry on the face, then devote more time to the spasmodic part.

5. The stimulation block involves toning the muscles and strengthening them. The nature of the movements is energetic. Make the first movement along the guide lines light, and then increase their strength. Speech therapy facial massage (stroking):
   - from the forehead to the temples; - from the eyebrows to the hair growth zone on the head; - from the forehead and around the eyes;

   - from the bridge of the nose along the eyebrows to the hair growth zone; - from the forehead to the cheeks, chin; - squeezing the chin;

   - movements in a spiral on the cheekbones and cheeks;

   - place one finger on the inside of the cheek through the mouth, and make movements similar to rubbing with the other;

   - pinch cheeks.

   Lip toning (stroking):

   - alternately upper and lower lips from the corners to the middle;

   - the lower lip from below to the mucous membrane, the upper one - from the upper edge also down to the mucous membrane;

   - from the wings of the nose to the corners of the mouth;

   - pinch your lips, beat them lightly.

6. Speech therapy tongue massage:

- stroke the gums along the outer edge from the center and in depth;

- gently massage the palate along the middle line;

- make vibrating movements in the submandibular fossa, under the angles of the lower jaw;

- hold the tongue by the tip with one hand, and with the other make circular movements along its surface to the left and right, from the middle to the tip, pinch and slightly stretch, stroke from the frenulum under it and to its tip.

When salivating, pause so that the child swallows saliva.

It is effective to use speech therapy massage for children at home in courses of 10-15 times.

Contraindications

• Inflammatory processes in the mouth, herpetic eruptions on the lips, rash on the face.
• High intracranial pressure. Enlarged lymph nodes.
• Infectious diseases, including the common cold.
• episyndrome.
• The violent reaction of the child: crying, screaming, hysteria.

Massage speech therapy procedures are one of the methods of corrective action for various forms of violation speech development. Speech therapy massage has a beneficial effect on the human body and stimulates the muscular and nervous systems, which is important for the speech-motor process. It can be part of a complex of medical and pedagogical recovery of adults after strokes, children, adolescents who are diagnosed with speech disorders and disorders (including stuttering).

Why do speech therapists prescribe massage?

Speech therapy massage is a mechanical irritation (stroking, kneading) in the areas of the muscles of the upper shoulder girdle, neck, head, especially the area of ​​the tongue, soft palate, cheeks and lips. In practice, physiotherapy reduces the period of formation and normalization of the pronunciation side of speech under the influence of speech therapy, improves the state of the voice, speech breathing, and stabilizes the emotional background of a person. This procedure is considered one of the tools for the development of speech - this is how you can characterize what speech therapy massage (LM) is.

But the reasons for speech incomprehensible to others can be not only violations of the tone of the organs of articulation (mobility of the muscle tissues of the lips, tongue), but also problems of grammatical construction of speech and syllabic structures words, underdevelopment of phonemic hearing. Therefore, a systematic approach is needed to correct general and speech development.

The main tasks of speech therapy massage include the activation and normalization of the peripheral speech and articulation apparatus, the strengthening of the pharyngeal reflex, the stimulation of speech development, and the reduction of salivation.

About indications and contraindications for massage

There are certain indications for speech therapy massage associated with impaired articulatory motility. These include:

- a state of dysarthria - when there are violations of the innervation (supply of nerves) of the muscles of the speech apparatus;

- mechanical dyslalia (shortening of the hyoid ligament);

- rhinolalia (impaired speech pronunciation due to defects in the structure of the speech apparatus).

To do this, a speech therapist examines the patient, excluding contraindications:

- conditions with acute inflammatory processes and elevated body temperature;

- the presence of epilepsy, seizures;

- infectious diseases of the oral cavity;

- rashes of herpes on the lips, skin diseases on the head;

- propensity to bleed from the nose;

- vomiting, nausea;

- conjunctivitis.

There are cases when LM is prescribed to a child with autism, motor alalia, speech development delay (SRR). Speech therapy massage for ZRR is a dubious purpose, since it helps to correct sound pronunciation, and in this case the child does not speak. Therefore, it can be used not as the main method of correction, but only in combination with other methods.

Types of massage

It is necessary to understand for what purpose the massage course is prescribed, whether it will be activating or relaxing, with what accompaniment it will be carried out (setting sounds, articulatory gymnastics).

Types of speech therapy massage are classified into:

- classic - with a standard set of manual techniques;

- point - impact on bioactive points;

- hardware - a technique using vacuum and vibration devices;

- probe - massage using a special tool according to the method of Novikova E.V.;

- massage developed by Dyakova E.A. - a systematized and generalized methodology for various kinds of speech disorders;

- segmental-reflex - performed using the classical technique with segmental division into zones (face-head - cervical region - collar zone).

About therapeutic classical massage

The traditional type of massage is performed on the damaged area of ​​the body directly or next to it, while the reflex effect is not taken into account. The procedure involves the LMA of the face and tongue, as well as gymnastics for the respiratory and articulatory apparatus. Apply classic massage techniques.

Speech therapy massage in pictures can be seen below.

1. Working out the frontal part of the face: stroking movements from the middle of the forehead to the temple, to the hair from the eyebrows and slight kneading of the frontal zone.
   
   
2. Cheek zone: kneading, stretching along the cheeks from the corners of the mouth to the temporal part of the face, to the lower part of the chin from the cheekbones.
   
   
3. Nose area: stroking and stretching movements of the wings of the nose, then stroking to the corners of the mouth.
   
   
4. Mouth zone: the lower and upper lips are stroked alternately with a stretch to the corners.
   
   
5. Chin area: working out with stroking and kneading techniques from the center to the periphery.
   
   

Such a speech therapy facial massage for a child can be done at home. After that, a massage of the lingual muscles is carried out and, if necessary, gymnastics.

Briefly about performing acupressure

The effectiveness of acupressure largely depends on the correct determination of the localization of the impact points during palpation; pulsation is often noted on the face in such places. You should start the massage course with the study of no more than four points, with a gradual increase in their number.

Acupressure speech therapy massage is carried out using complexes of bioactive points (BAP) depending on the goals pursued by the procedure (for example, to normalize articulatory muscles or tension in the muscle tissues of the vocal apparatus). Massaging of symmetrical points is carried out simultaneously and in pairs, points of local and general action are worked out. Sessions are held every other day with a treatment course determined by the doctor.

Probe massage method

The technique of probe massage of the tongue was developed by Novikova E.V. The author created special techniques and special tools - a set of eight probes. Each of the probes used is intended for a specific area of ​​the soft palate, cheeks, lips, tongue and contributes to the gradual resuscitation of the area being treated. Upon examination, the doctor determines the degree of damage to the muscles of the child's face and the number of sessions required.

Such children's speech therapy massage at home can be performed subject to special training for parents. Carrying out a probe LM requires training and experience, therefore it should be carried out by an experienced masseur-speech therapist. It is important that the child does not experience discomfort during this. This procedure is contraindicated in infants under six months of age.

About massage according to the method of Dyakova E.A.

Speech therapists use the method developed by E.A. Dyakova. She was able to systematize and present a description of the LM methods and techniques, as well as substantiate the expediency of its use in various forms of speech disorders.

In the book "Speech therapy massage" Dyakova E.A. she described in detail the physiological aspects of the complex of massage procedures, the procedure for the diagnostic examination of patients, detailed methods of differentiated and acupressure LM and the basic techniques of speech therapy massage.

With a slow, light effect, the excitability of tissues decreases, which has a relaxing effect. And with fast movements, the irritability of the tissues increases, therefore, the muscles contract. The use of differentiated massage techniques helps to increase muscle tone in case of hypotension and decrease them in case of spasticity of the articulatory muscles.

Reduced muscle tone: technique and massage techniques

Reduced muscle tone can be caused by Down syndrome, rickets, and other diseases that require activation of muscle groups. Speech therapy massage with reduced tone of the tongue is carried out in the classical technique, starting with the face. Each of the techniques is repeated up to ten times.

Stroking, rubbing techniques are performed, at the end they use tapping and tingling. A feature of the procedure will be an increasing pressure force, while the child should experience a comfortable feeling. Particular attention is paid to the muscles of the lips: each lip is massaged separately, the nasolabial folds are carefully worked out.

Massage with increased muscle tone: basic techniques and methods

Increased muscular excitation due to hypoxia, birth injuries, is stopped by a relaxing massage technique. Of the classical techniques, preference is given to strokes and vibrations.

Speech therapy massage with increased tone of the tongue begins in the collar zone, moves to the shoulders, then to the face, tongue and lips. To relax the tongue, a light massaging of the neck is carried out with the head turning left and right, counterclockwise and clockwise.

Massage is performed with slightly pressing, smooth, light movements. A series of smoothing techniques is carried out in the areas of the forehead, cheeks, eyes, chin, with the transition to the neck-collarbone area and back to the face (earlobes).

Relaxing speech therapy massage involves working out the muscles of the tongue using up-down and right-left swaying, smooth stroking of the edges and center. The direction of movement on the tongue is carried out to the root from the tip. At the end of the session, the tongue is pulled forward and movements are made to the sides.

The procedure for performing massage of the muscles of the tongue

Massage of the muscles of the tongue should be done in the supine position two hours before or after meals. The procedure is started by working out the gums with horizontal movements, then the movements along the gums change to vertical ones.

So middle line with the help of a finger, the palate is massaged, while the sounds E and A can be pronounced by the child. The exercise is duplicated up to 15 times.

Speech therapy massage of the tongue is carried out with the fingers of one hand, and the massaged organ itself is held by the phalanges of the second hand. To do this, use the techniques of stroking, patting, as well as grinding, vibration, tingling with a special probe, flattening the tongue with an enema-syringe.

To relax the muscle tissues of the tongue, vibrating movements are made under the lower jaw with the index finger in the area of ​​the submandibular fossa and at the angles of the jaw - for 15 seconds. Movements along the tongue muscles can be straight, circular, spiral, the directions of their movement are indicated in the figure.
Speech therapy mouth massage is an obligatory stage of preparation before starting a tongue massage.

About speech therapy massage with spoons

Effective for the process of speech formation in a child is a technique that uses ordinary spoons as a tool for LM. The procedure provides for the study of the surfaces of the face and neck with the convex side of the spoons, stroking and rubbing techniques.

Speech therapy massage with spoons can be carried out with children in game form. At the same time, massaging, which is performed by the child himself, has a pleasant effect, since the baby will not hurt himself. The different temperature of the spoons can be used for stimulating or relaxing massage effects.

This method can serve as a preparatory stage for probe and classical massages, to articulatory gymnastics. Also, during the procedure, the child learns the names of the parts of the face, develops fine motor skills.

When familiarizing themselves with the technique of conducting and the rules of massage with the help of spoons, parents will be able to perform it themselves at home, in particular if speech therapy massage is prescribed for children of two years.

Briefly about the massage technique for dysarthria

When eliminating dysarthria caused by a lesion nervous system, requires massage procedures on the lingual muscles and correction of sound pronunciation using articulation and breathing exercises. LM will contribute to the normalization of muscle tone and pronunciation of words, help to eliminate voice disorders. It is recommended to use a differentiated speech therapy massage.

With dysarthria, massage sessions activate and strengthen the labial muscles with acupressure technique. Before massaging the tongue, passive gymnastics is performed, relaxing and stretching the muscular basal tissues of the tongue. The duration of the procedure depends on the degree of the disease and the age of the patient.

Features of massage with alalia and rhinolalia

The group of speech disorders, called alalia, includes conditions in which the child's speech occurs with a strong delay (not formed). Stimulation of speech zones will effectively help LM techniques. To do this, the patient's face and hands are massaged to develop fine motor skills associated with speech function and brain activity.

Speech therapy massage for alalia begins with the study of the face using classical techniques: the frontal part - the eye sockets - the cheeks - the space between the eyebrows. Then the areas of the nose, mouth and tongue are massaged. After that, the hands are warmed up, starting from the back of the palm from the bottom up along the phalanges with the transition to the inside.

With changes in the timbre of the voice with distortion of sound pronunciation, caused by violations of the resonator function of the nasal cavity, massage procedures are also prescribed. Speech therapy massage for rhinolalia is aimed at activating the soft palate. To do this, with the help of the index finger on the border of the soft and hard palate, stroking and rubbing is performed for reflex contraction of the muscles of the palate and pharynx. Next, zigzag and point movements are made across the sky from right to left and back. Already in the early period, it is necessary to do speech therapy massage for babies and breathing exercises aimed at normalizing the muscle tone of the articulatory and respiratory organs. It is important to choose optimal program activities for the child and a pose for manipulation.

Usually, a differentiated relaxing LM is performed for the face and articulation apparatus. The facial muscles and lips are worked out using the method of light smoothing, including the use of acupressure and hardware (vibration) massages. To relax the neck, they resort to passive movements of the head, and this partially relieves tension from the root of the tongue.

Speech therapy massage for children with cerebral palsy is aimed at strengthening and activating the muscles of the tongue. To do this, use a wooden spatula, which produces stroking and vibrating movements.

The main massage techniques are shown in the figures.

With a relaxing massage, to enhance this effect, you can put a warm compress on the patient's face five minutes before the procedure, for example, a towel soaked in water at 45℃ and thoroughly wrung out.

You need to use the right tools and equipment. To do this, you need to consult with speech therapists where they do speech therapy massage. The instrumental method is often used to massage the tongue, complementing manual massage techniques. But it is not worth replacing them completely, since only a speech therapist can determine the state of muscle tone, based on their feelings during the procedure.

Speech therapist. Defectologist. Speech therapy massage of the face and organs of articulation: Video

Every mother, with bated breath, wonders what the first word of her child will be. There is no reason to worry, as long as the baby only says “aha”. Subsequently, when a maturing person begins to comprehend speech skills, various defects often occur, because the development of each child is strictly individual. Just at this moment, the little researcher needs to be helped to overcome the delay and other troubles by timely correction. For the last ten years, specialists have successfully used the so-called speech therapy massage of the tongue - the method effectively copes with articulation and speech disorders in children. How to develop problematic areas of the language and improve articulation on your own, we'll talk in the article.

The science of treating a person by kneading special points of his body has more than one thousand years. Even ancient healers realized that with the help of massage, many serious diseases can be overcome. Speech therapy massage for children is based on the same empirical knowledge. The doctor in a certain way affects such important centers of the human body as the tongue, lips, earlobes, cheeks and hands.

Such a massage is indicated for children who have been found to have various congenital and acquired speech disorders:

• partial loss or minor impairment of the voice;
• various speech pathologies;
• a state of excessive tension covering the muscles of the face;
• involuntary salivation;
• dysarthria;
• cerebral palsy;
• disorders in the development of the muscles responsible for articulation;
• all varieties of stuttering;
• pathological tension of the facial muscles, causing difficulty in pronunciation.

Speech defects in a child require mandatory and timely correction. Eliminating this problem is a long and hard work, but you can’t give up. In the future, poor pronunciation will become an unbreakable obstacle to various activities that a child may want to master. Massage is the most effective way to correct lame articulation.

What disorders are eliminated by speech therapy articulation massage

Massage for children with speech problems is represented by various methods and techniques: probe massage by Novikova, massage according to Dyakova, Croise, Prikhodko. All the authors of the methods have achieved positive results through many years of practice. With the help of speech therapy articulation massage, the following important goals are achieved:

1. Normalization of tone and motility of the speech-forming apparatus.
2. Increasing the duration and force of exhalation.
3. Development and improvement of fine motor skills of hands.
4. Training the rhythm of hand movements and breathing.
5. Development of differentiated movements of the visual apparatus.
6. Stimulation of kinetic movements.
7. Improved emotional response.
8. Stimulation of the development of manipulations of hands with objects.
9. Reducing the severity of stuttering.
10. Decreased manifestation of dysarthria.

Effective types of speech therapy massage for children

Let's take a brief look at some of the popular speech therapy techniques that are used to treat speech disorders in children.

Speech therapy massage according to Novikova

Massage has proven to be reliable way elimination of various speech disorders. The technique has a beneficial effect on the child as a whole, and also affects the areas of the nervous and muscular systems, without the active participation of which the speech-forming process is impossible. In creating her method, speech therapist E. V. Novikova focuses on massage of the tongue, lips, cheeks, cheekbones and soft palate using special probes.

Despite the intimidating appearance of the instruments, speech therapy probe massage is quite simple and shows excellent results. There are 8 original probes in the working set, each of which is used for a specific purpose, massaging the muscles of certain parts of the speech apparatus. The technique corrects pronunciation deficiencies in adults and children. Babies have been shown such a massage since 6 months.

The technique of performing speech therapy massage with probes has some features. First of all, the specialist examines the articulatory apparatus: mimic, chewing muscles, muscles of the lips, cheeks, tongue and soft palate. This makes it possible to establish the location and degree of the defect. The duration of work is determined by the severity of the violation, the age of the patient and his individual characteristics.

Probe massage is performed in courses, on average from 12 to 20 days. The optimal duration of treatment is 15 sessions, it is necessary to repeat the courses with an interval of 1.5 months.

For successful treatment, not only the experience and skills of a speech therapist are important, but also the elementary discipline of the child's parents, because classes must be timely and regular. A well-executed probe massage will bear fruit: speech motor skills are normalized, the activity of all affected areas is activated and restored.

Speech therapy massage with spoons

The inventor of this massage technique was Dr. Rene Koch. An ordinary spoon, hot or cold, is used as an auxiliary tool in the classroom. For facial massage, teaspoons are suitable, and for working with the oral cavity and tongue, it is convenient to use a coffee spoon.

Such a massage is notable for the following advantages:

• qualitatively improves articulatory movements in a child;
• contributes to the formation of the correct structure of the organs of the articulatory apparatus;
• normalizes the tone of facial and articulatory muscles;
• develops fine motor skills;
• improves spatial orientation.

According to experts, speech therapy massage with spoons has a lot of advantages:

1. Spoons are in every family, and if there is no spoon of a suitable size, it is not difficult to buy it.
2. The spoon does not confuse or frighten the child. On the contrary, cutlery evokes pleasant associations with food.
3. The vast majority of young patients already know how to handle a spoon, so it will not be difficult for them to complete the tasks of a speech therapist. Moreover, this tool is safe.
4. It is not necessary to sterilize spoons, it is enough to wash them.
5. Lesson with spoons eliminates the child's negative reaction to massage with the hands of a speech therapist.
6. When performing massage with spoons on their own, children easily remember the names of parts of the face and learn prepositions and prepositional words.
7. By changing the temperature of the spoons, it is easy to achieve a relaxing or stimulating effect during the massage.
8. Even the smallest spoon - coffee - affects a much larger area than a finger.
9. With the help of a spoon, it is not difficult to make such massaging movements that it is impossible to reproduce with your fingers.
10. Massage with spoons is quite light and well absorbed by children.
11. Performing the tasks of the massage program with spoons stimulates the development of fine motor skills.
12. When performing self-massage with a spoon, the child will never hurt himself.
13. Massage with spoons can be studied by parents and successfully deal with a child at home.

Speech therapy massage according to Dyakova

Dyakova Elena Alexandrovna – practicing speech therapist, candidate of sciences, associate professor of speech therapy, president International Institute speech pathology and the author of more than 60 scientific and scientific-practical works on speech pathology in general and speech therapy massage in particular. The specialist conducts regular master classes for speech therapists, defectologists, masseurs of speech departments, students of defectological faculties and caring parents. Useful knowledge can be gleaned from the author's bibliography or at a personal meeting (by prior appointment for a master class).

The video demonstrates how a speech therapy massage is performed according to Dyakova:

Contraindications for speech therapy massage

Massage is not done if the patient has been diagnosed with the following diseases:

• cold;
• herpes on the lips or face;
• inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyes (for example, conjunctivitis);
• inflammatory reaction within the oral cavity;
• SARS, acute respiratory infections;
• tongue injury;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• increased ICP;
• fungal skin infection;
• active tuberculosis;
• oncological disease;
• epileptic seizures;
• diseases associated with capillaries;
• hematomas on areas of the face and body that need to be massaged.

Speech therapy massage, like any other type of it, can be done 10 days after the child's recovery, if he was sick.

Speech therapy massage for children at home

Dysarthria is a neurological speech disorder most commonly seen in children. It develops in response to pathologies of intrauterine development of the fetus or diseases transferred by the child that affect the formation of the central nervous system. The disease negatively affects the phonetics, tempo, melody and clarity of the child's pronunciation.

Treatment of dysarthria is based on the implementation of a variety of speech therapy, breathing, physical and therapeutic exercises. Of course, the greatest effect from classes can be expected when speech therapy massage is performed by a qualified speech therapist. At the same time, there are many reasons why it is not always possible or convenient to attend systematic classes with a specialist, so the mother or other members of the child's family can use certain methods of speech therapy massage on their own.

In the struggle for the health of the child, parents should be at the same time with the doctors. Performing speech therapy massage for dysarthria at home greatly increases the chances of a small patient to recover.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the description of the basic exercises that any mother can master.

Simple hand massage

Physicians announced the close interweaving of fine motor skills of hands and speech skills back in the 14th century. The movements of the fingers are directly related to the work of the brain. In addition, each finger is responsible for a specific organ:

• the thumb is responsible for the brain;
• index is associated with the activity of the stomach;
• the middle finger affects the work of the intestines and the spine;
• the nameless one works for the liver;
• the little finger helps the heart.

Let's start with speech therapy gymnastics and massage of the fingers, which are remembered and mastered from the first time. You, as a mother, do not have to worry: such actions are completely harmless to the child. Speech therapy massage is practiced even on children a few days old. Before classes, pay attention to your hands - for the sake of the child's health, you will have to sacrifice a long manicure. Immediately before the massage, hands are washed with soap and treated with Sterillium disinfectant, after which a few drops of baby oil are rubbed in the palms. We begin to knead the child's brushes:

1. Massage the little finger from the nail to the very base. Work well on each phalanx. You can simultaneously massage the little fingers on both hands.
2. Apply light pressure to the pad of each finger 3 to 10 times. Increase the pressure a little each time.
3. Stroke your palm with your index finger in a clockwise direction. The exercise is similar to the game "forty-white-sided".
4. Keep making circular motions, but move your finger in a spiral - from the edge of the palm to its center.
5. Take a ring massager and put it on all fingers one by one. Start with the little finger.
6. For this exercise you will need a small ball with "pimples". Hold it against your palm and roll it from your wrist to your fingertips.

How to do speech therapy tongue massage

Regular performance of acupressure and circular massage of the tongue stimulates the development of the articulatory apparatus. Whether a child needs such a massage, you need to find out from a speech therapist. In addition, only a specialist will be able to give parents a master class so that they can competently perform these exercises at home. Speech therapy massage of the tongue at home is conveniently carried out using an electric toothbrush. For the same purpose, a set of children's toothbrushes Canpol babies is perfect.

Massage of the tongue is based on the alternation of circular and point movements, each exercise is repeated 3 to 10 times. And here are the exercises themselves:

1. Do a point warm-up of the tongue: “walk” with a brush along the left edge, go down to the tip, go up along the right edge. Figuratively speaking, write the English "U".
2. Repeat the exercise with the brush in a circular motion.
3. Zigzag the toothbrush from the base of the tongue to the very tip, alternating between dotted and circular motions.
4. Spot brush the left edge of the tongue, then switch to circular motions. Massage the right edge in the same way.
5. Walk the bristles of the brush over the entire surface of the tongue, performing tapping movements. Do the same exercise with the back of the brush.
6. Swipe the brush along the center of the tongue, from the base to the tip, moving the tool in a spiral.

How to do speech therapy lip massage

To make the child's lips more elastic and mobile, perform the following exercises:

1. Press the pads of your index fingers against the wings of your baby's nose. Move your fingers down the nasolabial folds as if vigorously stroking them. Repeat up to 10 times.
2. Place the tips of your index fingers on the hollow of your upper lip, and then, with a rubbing motion, lower your fingers into the corners of your lips several times.
3. Do the same exercise for the lower lip. Repeat both exercises up to 8-10 times.
4. Lightly pinch your upper and lower lip alternately with your thumb and forefinger. Move your fingers from one corner to another 8 - 10 times.
5. Tap the tip of your index finger on the area above the upper and then below the lower lip, while making a circle in a clockwise direction. Exercise requires activity and a constant increase in the strength of movements.
6. Using your fingers, make an "accordion" first from the upper and then from the lower lip. Do 8 - 10 times.

It is best for parents to “spy” on the technique of performing all exercises from a professional speech therapist. The lack of skills of this kind can adversely affect the state of the delicate articulatory apparatus.

Speech therapy facial massage with spoons

The massage is performed with two spoons and a couple more spoons are placed nearby just in case - suddenly the working copy falls to the floor.

For classes, take stainless steel appliances. Pay attention to the handle of the spoon - it should not be overloaded with protruding decorations, and the tip should be rounded and smooth.

Each exercise is repeated 6 to 8 times:

1. Massage your child's whiskey with the curved parts of the spoons. Move the scoops clockwise.
2. Lightly, without pressure, stroke the bulges of the cavity of the eyes: run the spoon along the superciliary arch to the outer corner of the eye, and then under the eye.
3. Rub the baby's cheeks with the convex parts of the spoons, moving in a circle.
4. Massage the bulges into the temples, using the spoon in a spiral motion.
5. With convex parts, rub the area between the eyebrows in a spiral.
6. Stroke the sides of the spoons on the cheeks along the line from the chin to the eye sockets.
7. Massage the nasolabial area with the tip of the scoop.
8. Rub your upper lip with the tip of a spoon, making light pressure.
9. Do the same for your bottom lip.
10. Stroke the chin and cheekbones with the protruding parts of the scoops, making circular movements.

The completion of all manipulations with the face and tongue of the child is a massage of the ear lobes. Hold the lobe of each ear between the thumb and forefinger and, performing circular movements 50 times, knead these areas first in the left and then in the right direction. After the massage, be sure to praise the child for obedience and patience. Speech therapy massage at home should bring only positive emotions to the baby.

In order for a child, having certain defects in speech development, to learn to speak correctly, parents will have to work hard. The success of treatment depends not only on the experience and skill of specialists, but is largely determined by the regularity of homework and the determination of mothers and fathers.

Description of the procedures for the prevention and treatment of stuttering and dysarthria. Effective methods of treatment for the baby.

do speech therapy massage for stuttering and dysarthria? Photo: at the massage therapist's appointment

Every child develops differently. One kid starts talking without any problems, the other one has difficulty pronouncing sounds and words. Some children generally refuse to talk and remain silent until a certain age.

• The reason for such children's behavior are a variety of physical abnormalities, problems psychological, postpartum trauma and postpartum illness
• Such a situation should be investigated by specialists, since the problem of speech impairment will not simply disappear. Take a consultation with a speech therapist, decide on the most effective treatment complex
• Today, the most effective way to cure is massage from a speech therapist. Such a treatment is a priority for stuttering, dysarthria and defective difficulties.

What is speech therapy massage?

Photo: speech therapy massage in the prone position

Speech therapist massage - exercises, with the impact of mechanics on the state of nerves, tissues in the speech apparatus, where the blood vessels are located. This is a technique for the treatment and normalization of the state of speech pronunciation, emotionality child .

This massage is used successfully for dysarthria, stuttering. It perfectly improves blood circulation and activates the lymph system, the general body condition is on physiological level .

The main objectives of this massage are:

• activation of the speech apparatus, muscles with a small ability to contract
• tone up articulation
• active stimulation proprioceptive sensations
• swallowing reflex technique
• stimulation of the brain in the speech zone of afferentation

Speech therapy massage must take place in a warm and ventilated room. The cycle consists of ten to twenty daily sessions. A break should be done at intervals of one to two months.

Kinds speech therapy massage for stuttering and dysarthria

• Point - acts in active biological points. Runs through the hairline
• Classic - massage of the practice of stroking, vibrational actions
• Segmental - reflex: classical reception techniques are segmented in certain zones. Exercises are performed in the collar zone, in the cervical region of the face
• Probe massage. It is carried out through the use of a tool - a probe

Photo: session with a speech therapist

Is it possible to perform speech therapy massage on my own? Tongue massage

Such a specific type of massage must be trusted qualified and a specially trained person, for safety and better efficiency of the procedure.
For use at home, you can use the following exercises:

• Lip massage is carried out with the help of easy strokes and pinching of the lips of the baby
• Tongue massage is carried out using an electric toothbrush. With its help, we influence the tip of the tongue in the very center
• The massage of the child's hands is accompanied by gentle movements massaging the limbs of the fingers

The effectiveness of any of the methods speech therapy massage will be achieved even in severe forms of speech impairment.
Be sure to carry out all procedures within the period established by the neurologist and pediatrician. Watch the video below for how to do this massage.

Video: Speech therapy tongue massage: master class

What are the methods, techniques and tools for speech therapy massage?

Speech therapy massage consists of a whole range of techniques and techniques. There are three complexes focused in the zone of pathological symptoms.

• The first collection of exercises occurs with a high tone
• The second - with dystonia, ataxia and emerging hyperkinesis
• And the last complex involves massage with low tone

An example of a massage involves:

• normalization of muscle tone in the organs of articulation
• normalization of the motor apparatus
• establishing reflexes of accuracy, rhythm, switching

Professional The masseur during the receptions must determine:

• subsequence work with sounds; work out and bring to automation the main articulatory patterns of sounds that need to be adjusted
• develop an ear for phonetics
• work out the words of a complex sound - syllabic structuredness

The diagnosis of dysarthria is a common disease in speech therapy. The initial symptoms of the disease include: terrible diction, incredible substitutions of sounds in the structure of the syllable, slurred speech.

The main speech therapy program is planned as follows:

• On ordinary exercises with children, material is studied that is aimed at overcoming the underdevelopment of the speech reflex
• In the classroom individual character, corrective action is taking place pronunciation sides of speech, dysarthria is being eliminated
• The healing process takes place in some specific stages. At the initial stage, normalization of muscle tone is provided. Here, a speech therapist conducts a massage, and plans classes leading to the normalization of motor skills articulatory apparatus
• Introduces specialized exercises to strengthen the voice and breathing. fundamental an element of all classes with a speech therapist is the development of fine motor skills

main view specialized massage favors massage on the tongue.

• This is where the collection of physical actions comes into play, which are determined for the recovery of areas of the child's body that are affected.
• The duration of the procedure is not less than six minutes and not more than twenty in the last sessions of the session
• Contraindications to such a massage are: vomiting, disease of the dental cavity, diseases of the viral-infectious group

Photo: tools for use in speech therapy massage

Instruments speech therapy massage

The speech therapist has auxiliary elements in your work. These include probes. They are divided into two subspecies: designed from metal and from plastic. Their form is quite diverse:

• Ball, snail, hatchet, mustache, fungus

These devices are safe for the child.

Rules for holding massage tools

There are two safe postures for performing massage exercises:

• Location - lying on your back using a pillow under your neck
• In a pose - sitting on a chair, using a headrest (it is possible to use children's devices: armchairs, strollers). For success in the procedure, the muscles must be relaxed and at rest. First, gymnastic exercises for stretching are performed.

Exercises for dysarthria:

• Strengthening the longitudinal and transverse muscles by squeezing points on the tongue with a plastic probe. Motor processes are targeted from the roots to the tip of the tongue
• Carrying out a probe in the form of a ball along the longitudinal muscles to strengthen them. Do the exercise ten times.
• Stroking the muscles of the transverse probe
• We cut off the entire perimeter of the tongue with an umbrella for ten seconds
• We carry out point motor turns counterclockwise
• Massage the entire tongue with your fingers. To strengthen muscles
• We aim pressing and shaking the tongue, hold it by the tip
• We carry out vibrational body movements with a probe along the edge of the tongue

The number of massages performed depends on the individual characteristics of the child's body.

Benefit from speech therapy massage for stuttering and dysarthria will be achieved only with regular classes.

Children having a lesser degree

Speech therapy facial massage is a procedure that allows you to correct pronunciation, improve the tone of the muscles of the speech apparatus, and allow the patient to relax. It is necessary for children who have complex problems with the speech apparatus: dysarthria, alalia and others.

Types of speech therapy massage

Speech therapy massage has several different types:

• traditional;
• hardware;
• point;
• probe massage;
• massage Dyakova;
• self-massage.

main ways traditional massage are stroking, rubbing, movement of damaged areas or near it. To relax the muscles involved in articulation, light stroking movements are used. To acquire active muscle tone and strengthen it, you need to use fast and energetic movements.

Hardware massage performed using devices designed for this (vibrating, vacuum and not only).

Acupressure It has a stimulating and relaxing effect on the child, separately affecting the biologically active points that have the largest number of nerve endings and blood vessels.

Probe massage- This is a type of massage, the principle of which was developed by Novikova E.V. It is recommended for use in children with impaired speech motor skills. With the help of probes, such areas of the oral cavity are massaged as: the soft palate, tongue and lips.

Dyakova's massage is one of the most popular techniques used to correct speech disorders in children.

Self massage. The name of this species speaks for itself. These are activities that the child does on their own. It is an exercise in which it is necessary to perform hand movements and massage the tongue with the help of teeth.

It must be taken into account that with the isolated use of any one type of massage, its course will be longer than with a complex one. In addition, it is advisable to use speech therapy massage together with other types of treatment: fairy tale therapy, sound production, aromatherapy.

Technique for performing speech therapy massage of the tongue

When performing speech therapy massage, key attention is paid to the cheeks, lips, tongue and soft palate. His technique includes several stages.

1. Initially, the masseur makes gentle strokes on the face in different directions.
2. The longitudinal muscles of the tongue are massaged vertically (from the root of the tongue to its tip).
3. Then pressure is applied to the tongue (its transverse muscles: it is necessary to move from the center of the tongue to its edges).
4. A variety of strokes are made throughout the organ of speech (in a circle and in a spiral).
5. Slaps are made over the entire surface of the tongue.
6. The specialist gently presses on the longitudinal muscles.
7. The frenulum of the tongue is massaged vertically.
8. Grinding massage movements (you need to use a gauze napkin).

The massage cycle consists of 10-20 sessions. They need to be done 2-3 times a week. It will be useful to repeat all actions after 4-8 weeks.

Technique for performing speech therapy facial massage

forehead massage

Speech therapy facial massage begins with stroking movements that are made from the middle of the forehead, gradually moving towards the temporal region. Then the specialist moves from the eyebrows to the top of the forehead. In the same direction, kneading and vibrating movements are made (alternately). Vibration massage is performed with a special vibration massager.

Cheek massage

After the forehead massage, the specialist proceeds to massaging the cheeks. Massages with gentle kneading and stretching movements, which should start from the corners of the mouth and continue to the temples along the muscles of the cheeks. The massage of the cheeks ends with light strokes (from the cheekbones to the lower jaw).

Nose massage

It is necessary to perform stroking, stretching and vibration movements along the wings of the nasal muscle. After that, a light stroking massage of the nasolabial fold is done from the wings of the nose to the corners of the mouth.

Chin massage

The chin is massaged from the middle of the mouth to its corners, stroking it and kneading it.

Neck massage

It is performed by stroking and kneading movements along the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Advantages and disadvantages

Logomassage can be a real find for those who want to cope with underdevelopment of speech. Among its advantages it is worth noting the following:

• improves vascular function;
• increases the elasticity of muscle fibers, contractile function;
• turns out positive influence on the muscular and nervous system;
• simple and painless elimination of deviations in the formation of sounds;
• accessibility of the methodology;
• the ability to perform at home;
• a small patient is not introduced from outside any drugs;
• reducing the time for corrective work.

But this method of treatment also has disadvantages:

• during the massage, only the muscles are affected;
• children are uncomfortable and uncomfortable.

Firstly, in the room in which the session is held, it should not be cold. Special requirements are put forward to the hands of a massage therapist. They should not have jewelry, nails must be cut, the presence of any inflammatory diseases is excluded.

Secondly, massage should not be done less than two hours after eating. The oral cavity is cleaned of possible food debris and crumbs.

Thirdly, massage is done daily, a course of up to 20 sessions. If the child has a pronounced speech impairment, its duration should be longer. The timing of the massage is determined only by the doctor. The duration of the session depends entirely on the psycho-emotional state of the child: nervous tension, fear, mood and not only. The first session should not exceed no longer than 5-6 minutes. Gradually, its duration increases.

Do not immediately put the child in a horizontal position on the massage table. The best option is if for the first time all actions will be carried out while sitting. After two or three sessions, the child will get used to the actions of the massage therapist. If he is set up to carry out procedures sharply negatively, movements should be carried out only on the face.

For severe and complex disorders, massage sessions can be applied for a year or more.

Fourth, the child should feel as comfortable as possible, without fear and pain. It's best if mom is around. For each small patient, the doctor must select individual approach everything should be correct. Massage will be beneficial only when the child has full confidence in the specialist.

The child must consciously approach massage procedures, understand its necessity for normal development and increase the ability to use sounds. The goal of the speech therapist is to set the child up for a positive result after the sessions. To get rid of the fear of massage, the child needs to show all the actions on another small patient who is no longer afraid of procedures.

Massage should never cause any pain. The areas that are most affected are not processed immediately, but closer to the end of the masseur's actions. With the course of the procedures, the fear will decrease, and the child will positively and with confidence accept all the movements of the specialist.

For massage, specialists most often use the following items:

1. Medical gloves (sterile).
2. Protective mask.
3. Special massage oil.
4. Ammonia (if you need medical attention).

What indications does a child need logomassage for?

In no case can speech therapy massage be prescribed independently. It is carried out only after a thorough examination of the muscles of the speech apparatus. During this procedure, the speech therapist makes a preliminary assessment of the work of all the muscles necessary for the proper functioning of articulation. The results of such a study help to establish the nature of the violation of pronunciation.

Children with speech disorders cannot do without speech therapy massage, especially those in whom its correction by pedagogical methods does not bring significant results. There are the following indications for such a procedure:

• indistinct pronunciation of speech sounds;
• stuttering, which has a neurotic nature of appearance;
• violation of the tone of the muscles involved in articulation;
• unclear origin of speech development delay up to 3 years;
• dysgraphia (difficulties in mastering writing without delaying intellectual development);
• alalia (complete absence or insufficient development of speech without deviations in mental development);
• voice disorder;
• acceleration of the effectiveness of classes with a speech therapist;
• involuntary salivation;
• tension in the pronunciation of sounds;
• rhinolalia (defect of sound pronunciation, which is characterized by excessive or insufficient resonance in the nasal cavity);
• dyslalia (impaired pronunciation in the absence of hearing loss), resulting from a short hyoid frenulum.

It is easy to see significant improvements in children who attend sessions of speech therapy massage:

1. The muscle tone of the muscles involved in speech returns to normal.
2. The amplitude of articulatory movements increases.
3. The manifestation of abnormalities in the muscles is reduced.
4. Formed movements carried out by the organs of speech for the pronunciation of sounds.
5. Improvement of those muscles of the speech apparatus in which insufficient contraction activity was observed.

Massage contraindications

Like any procedure, speech therapy massage has its own factors in which it cannot be done:

• inflammation and rashes on the skin;
• herpes;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• stomatitis (damage to the oral mucosa) or gingivitis (inflammation of the gums, occurring in combination with swelling, redness and bleeding);
• fungus on the skin
• bruises on the massaged area;
• vascular thrombosis;
• diseases of capillaries and blood;
• acute stage of urticaria;
• the presence of oncological diseases;
• cuts or abrasions in which there is an infection;
• furunculosis (a disease of the hair follicle or connective tissue that is located near the follicle);
• stomatitis;
• conjunctivitis;
• convulsions;
• excessive sensitivity of the child.

Video instruction

With the features of the use of speech therapy massage and the principles of its implementation, see the following video. From it you will learn what speech therapy massage is intended for. Visually familiarize yourself with the principles of its implementation.

The second video will allow you to get acquainted with the technique of performing a light massage to stimulate the articulatory muscles. You will learn about the methods of performing exercises, thanks to which the child's muscles are stimulated in a playful way.

The use of speech therapy massage will achieve high results in ridding the child of disorders associated with the speech apparatus. It is important to choose an experienced specialist for the sessions, who will not only perform all the procedures professionally, but will also be able to establish emotional contact with the child. The main thing is to adhere to all the recommendations of the massage therapist and take into account the existing contraindications.