The procedure for Russian citizens to remain in the mobilization reserve. Reservists will be turned into contract soldiers Reservists in the Russian army

In 2015, legislation decided to create a mobilization reserve. It must include reservist soldiers. The document on the creation of the reserve is not informative enough, since it is not intended for a wide audience. Russian legislation has taken another big step towards creating a professional army.

What is mobilization reserve?

The mobilization reserve existed in Russia in the 18th century during the reign of Alexander II.

The mobilization reserve of the RF Armed Forces consists of soldiers who not only have skills and abilities, but also undergo special training.

The reserve was created to increase the size of the army, create a large army and bring the armed forces to combat readiness.

The reserve is formed not only from the Armed Forces, but also from the Foreign Intelligence Service and Federal service security. Activities to form a reserve are implemented from the state budget. Military commissariats resolve issues regarding the organization of the military.

An agreement is concluded with citizens in the reserve. The composition includes soldiers with different military ranks. The age limit for a citizen in the reserve is from 42 to 56 years.

In order to be a member of the mobilization reserve, you need to submit documents to the military commissariat. The decision to accept a person into the composition takes one month. If the candidate meets all the requirements, the commander issues an order with which the soldier is redirected to a military unit.

After the contract is signed, the reservist undergoes certification and passes the qualification exam. The examination is carried out at least once every three years, certification - one quarter before the end of the contract.

Purpose of the mobilization reserve

While in the reserve, each soldier has a position and rank. The person must participate in mobilization procedures, as well as in combat training.

The training camps are held for no more than two months, the time spent in reserve is one year.

The mobilization reserve will be used during retraining of personnel and planned training, for mobilization in the face of threats of military action. The fighters have experience and skills in the conditions of the exercises. Conscript soldiers are not suitable for this role.

The main goal of creating a mobilization reserve, if necessary, is to increase the army in a very short time. In addition to mobilization, individuals can participate during a crisis.

Who is considered a reservist?

Soldiers who are in reserve and military personnel who have entered into a contract with defense departments are required to take part in military training once a year and attend special mobilization events.

The state pays cash benefits and compensation during the passage. Reservists are treated the same former employees security and foreign intelligence services.

Persons in the reserves can join the ranks of reservists at their own request.

The issue of mobilization reserve does not affect conscripts. The contract for soldiers in the mobilization reserve is for a period of three years. The validity period can be extended to five years.

Who can the contract be signed with?

• Major-lieutenant colonels;
• Privates;
• Midshipmen;
• Ensigns;
• Sailors.

The age limit is up to 57 years; each rank has its own limit. Those military personnel who have not expressed a desire to become part of the mobilization reserve fall into the mobilization resource.

Requirements for candidates:

1. Fitness category A;
2. Fitness category B (minor restrictions);
3. Completion of military service;
4. Age up to 57 years.

The military commissariat deals with issues of enrollment in the mobilization reserve. He selects citizens who are in the reserve to conclude an agreement on enrollment in the reserve. The contract duration is from three to five years. Persons who have entered into a contract receive payments in the amount of 30 thousand rubles during the period of service. For example, a private in the reserve has the following compensation:

• Payments related to military training - 30 thousand rubles for one month;
• Payment for travel to the place where the contract was concluded and training camps;
• Monthly payments.

Do reservists have a salary?

Reservists are paid money every month. What does this mean?

1. Salary;
2. Funds for permanent stay in the mobilization reserve;
3. District coefficient;
4. Surcharge for staying in certain areas.

The amount of payments depends on the contract period and other factors. When drawing up a contract, the funds paid out are added to the lump sum payments. The monthly salary is not less than ten percent of the salary for position and rank.

In addition to cash, each reservist receives:

• Meals during service;
• Storage kit.

The training also includes various types of free education.

Number of mobilization reserves of the Russian Armed Forces

The mobilization reserve was created in 2015. The composition of the train is carried out geographically. The reservist will have to serve near his place of residence.

The size of the reserve is not known and is not disclosed to a wide audience. Mobilization reserve forces will be actively used in emergencies, during large-scale exercises and during the war. In order to maintain combat effectiveness, soldiers periodically go to training camps in divisions or brigades. Reservists are studying new types of equipment and weapons.

In addition, reservists can voluntarily join the mobilization reserve. Before a soldier is discharged, he is offered a contract with provisions for his return to duty. Military commissariats are also involved in collecting contract reservists. Officers can also become a full-time reserve officer.

Exclusion from the reserve

Exclusion from the mobilization composition can occur for a variety of reasons.

The main one, of course, is the end of the contract term, as well as:

1. Age limit;
2. Deprivation of ranks;
3. Disrepair;
4. Limited suitability based on medical commission;
5. Obtaining foreign citizenship;
6. Withdrawal from Russian Citizenship;
7. The emergence of other reasons for postponing service.

Reasons for exclusion from the reserve until the end of the contract period:

• Carrying out activities as usual;
• Failure to comply with the provisions of the contract;
• Denial of access to state secrets;
• Deprivation of access to state secrets;
• Service in the prosecutorial authorities, judicial authorities, as a judge or in the investigative committee.

A citizen is excluded from the reserve as a matter of urgency or if he expresses his own desire. Sometimes a person must reimburse a certain amount of money that was spent on the maintenance, operation of equipment, supplies, and payment to the commander. A fixed amount is calculated the final value is determined after calculation through special formulas.

An exception is made in the event of deprivation of rank, failure to fulfill a contract, deprivation of access to state secrets, or the entry into force of a court verdict on punishment.

Citizens who are in the reserves or discharged from service have the opportunity to join the mobilization reserve within two years. Members of the reserves are recruited during military training according to training plans military units and formations, during mobilization, during the outbreak of hostilities.

Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree calling up Russians who are in the reserves for military training in 2018 and instructed the Russian government and the FSB to carry out all necessary measures.

Military training in Russia is determined by legislative rules

According to Art. 54 No. 53-FZ “On military duty and military service” dated March 28, 1998, Russian citizens in the reserves can be called up for military training, which is divided into training and testing.

Training camps are when training takes place directly in the troops, and testing camps are a test of the combat and mobilization readiness of military units and military commissariats.

The duration of the training event is determined by the government agency responsible for it. At the same time, according to the law, the only limitation here is that the total continuation of fees cannot exceed two calendar months.

Also, citizens cannot be called up for military training more than once every three years, but it should be noted that new ranks are assigned to reserve officers mainly after completing such military events.

The training camps fulfill the task of preparing an active military reserve

In addition, citizens over 27 years of age and persons who, for certain reasons, did not undergo compulsory military service can be called up for military training, although in practice this is only theoretically permissible.

The fact is that military training serves the role of training the military reserve for the active army, therefore persons who are in the active reserve of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are called up to them. Naturally, these should only be real military specialists who the army may need in the event of the deployment of new units or in the event of vacancies.

Also, do not forget that reservists are divided into categories. For example, only the first rank is called up for training, and these are privates and sergeants up to 35 years old, junior officers up to 50 years old, majors and lieutenant colonels up to 55 years old, colonels up to 60 years old and senior officers, i.e. general staff, up to 65 years of age, but in practice this is selective.

At the same time, we must not forget that such military training has many restrictions - teaching staff, university students and people with three children are not called to them. And the fine of 100 to 500 rubles provided for in the Code of Administrative Offenses for failure to appear at military training suggests that all this, in essence, is voluntary.

The nature of military training today has changed compared to the times of the USSR

Accordingly, it is necessary to make an unambiguous conclusion - military training does not apply to all men who fall under the criteria and age characteristics specified in the law, but only to those Russian citizens, which the RF Armed Forces really need.

Head of the Department of Political Science, Russian Economic University. G.V. Plekhanova, retired colonel Andrey Koshkin in a conversation with FBA Economy Today, he confirmed that military training in Russia serves the role of training an active military reserve.

“Widespread military training was typical of the Soviet era, when everything was taken on a large scale. At that time, people were called up in very diverse groups, which led to the fact that these gatherings were ineffective. In fact, the point was that, as part of these training camps, a certain duty was being served,” states Koshkin.

In addition, we must not forget that under the USSR we lived under a completely different economic structure, when there was primacy of state ownership of the economy, and there was no problem calling people to military training. Now everything is much more complicated and the state, by law, will have to compensate the employer’s losses for calling up a valuable employee for military training.

And this point is also taken into account today, since no one is going to spend budget money just like that.

The Russian Armed Forces maintain their core in this way

“Today, this entire system of military training is more thoughtful and flexible. Perhaps even now there are some costs here, but, in general, calling up those people who are in reserve and conducting training with them is much more effective, which really allows you to keep the gunpowder dry in the flasks,” concludes Koshkin.

In this matter, we must not forget about the fact that we are now making the transition to a contract army. Naturally, conscription will never be abolished, but today almost all strike combat units have been transferred to contract.

This means that professionals serve there, and this significantly limits the space for holding such gatherings. After all, they should not be formal and ineffective - they should train the military specialists the army needs. All this once again confirms the fact that this presidential decision will affect an extremely limited circle of Russian citizens.

“First of all, officers need such a call from the reserve in order to confirm and strengthen their military competencies, since this is the main backbone of the domestic Armed Forces,” Koshkin sums up.

According to the expert, such training should allow reserve military specialists to become familiar with the qualitative changes that have occurred in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation over the years of their civilian life.

“Of course, we cannot forget about the element of military unity here, because after such gatherings people understand that they are needed and continue to associate themselves with the Russian army, and this is important,” states Koshkin.

The formation of a professional mobilization reserve is beginning in Russia. “Partisans” who signed a contract with the Ministry of Defense will receive wages and a number of compensations, but will be required to attend special classes every month and undergo military training every year. If necessary, existing units will be supplemented with reservists, as well as new ones will be formed. The creation of a full-fledged professional mobilization reserve will have a positive impact on strengthening the state’s defense capability, military experts believe.

The Russian Ministry of Defense told journalists from the newspaper “” that from 2018 the mobilization reserve system in our country will begin to operate in full. The regulations necessary for this were adopted earlier. Thus, the Ministry of Defense has already conducted an experiment on the formation of an organized mobilization reserve in certain regions of Russia. The experiment lasted almost two years, its results are assessed as successful. The decree “On the creation of a mobilization human reserve of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation” was signed by the President of Russia on July 17, 2015. The first paragraph of this decree precisely prescribed the creation of a mobilization human reserve of the RF Armed Forces for the period of the implementation experiment new system training and accumulation of mobilization human resources. The very mechanism for attracting citizens to new structures and the terms of contracts concluded with them are spelled out in the law “On Military Duty and Military Service”; it states that soldiers and reserve officers who have passed a medical examination can become reservists.

It is worth noting that the mobilization reserve exists in the armies of many countries around the world; this is a very common practice. For example, in the United States the number of reservists is almost equal to the number of regular armed forces. Reserve components include the reserves of all five branches of the armed forces, as well as the U.S. Army and Air National Guard. At the same time, the US National Guard itself, whose military personnel combine combat training with work in their main specialty, is an organized reserve. There is also an unorganized (individual) reserve, which consists of persons with sufficient military training, that is, those who have recently completed military service and do not need to undergo additional training.

In general, it can be noted that the formation of a mobilization reserve of people signing a contract with the Russian Ministry of Defense is another step towards the formation of a modern professional army in the country. IN Russian army the number of contract soldiers already exceeds the number of conscripts. On November 7, 2017, Chief of the General Staff Army General Valery Gerasimov said that the number of contract soldiers in the troops over the past 5 years has doubled and amounted to 384 thousand people. According to plans, by the end of 2018, 425 thousand contract soldiers, 220 thousand officers and 50 thousand warrant officers and midshipmen should serve in the Russian army. Thus, the share of professional military personnel will reach 70 percent.

Currently, military registration and enlistment offices are responsible for the formation of the mobilization reserve. Not all of them have started the corresponding work yet. At the same time, in some, for example, in the Rostov region, recruitment of reservists is already underway. At the Novoshakhtinsk military registration and enlistment office in the Rostov region, reserve servicemen can already sign a contract to serve in the reserves. As the Izvestia newspaper notes with reference to the Novoshakhtinsk military registration and enlistment office, for this, citizens need to come to the military registration and enlistment office with a military ID and passport. After signing the contract, the reserve soldier will be required to undergo special training for 2-3 days every month and annual training lasting from 20 to 30 days. It will be possible to call up a person from the mobilization reserve for service at any time: in the event of major exercises, the announcement of a special or threatened period, emergency situations, or simply in the event of an acute shortage of military specialists in units.

Previously, an experiment to form a new mobilization reserve took place in some regions of Russia. The Northern Fleet also took part in the experiment and actively collaborated with the military registration and enlistment offices of the Murmansk region. The goal of the experiment, which started in Severny in August 2015, was to improve existing system training and accumulation of mobilization human resources. In an interview with the newspaper “,” the head of the organizational and mobilization department (OMD) of the Northern Fleet headquarters, captain 1st rank Vladimir Kondratov, said that the first contract for the mobilization reserve on a voluntary basis is signed for 3 years, subsequent contracts for up to 5 years. At the same time, there are age restrictions for reservists; they exist for each category of citizens in the reserve. For example, soldiers, sailors, sergeants, midshipmen and warrant officers can conclude the first contract to be in the mobilization reserve at the age of up to 42 years, junior officers - up to 47 years, senior officers - up to 57 years.

The main difference of the new approach to the formation of a mobilization reserve is that when mobilization is announced, the reservist himself must arrive at the military unit, bypassing the military registration and enlistment offices, and begin to perform his duties in his position according to the official category. In addition, once a year the reservist is sent to military training for up to 30 days, and every month for one to three days, various training sessions are conducted with him according to the plans of the military units and formations to which the reservist is assigned in accordance with the contract. At the same time, the total duration of the training camp is taken into account, which cannot exceed 54 days during a year of stay in the mobilization reserve.

The new system of organized mobilization reserve will make it possible to train and then maintain highly qualified personnel in combat readiness, ensuring the rapid transfer of personnel to different theaters of military operations, where there will be a need to deploy new formations, but there is not enough local mobilization resource. According to military expert Viktor Murakhovsky, the new system for attracting personnel will increase defense capability Far East. Parts of this region have the equipment, but there is a shortage of personnel.

Money issue

According to Izvestia, soldiers and officers entering the mobilization reserve will receive a one-time payment upon concluding a contract: for a three-year period - in the amount of salary, for 5 or more years - 1.5 times more. The salary of a professional reservist will consist of his official salary, regional coefficient and payments for rank. For example, a platoon commander with the rank of senior lieutenant in the central part Russian Federation will receive 27.5 thousand rubles. Squad commander with the rank of sergeant in the Kemerovo region (there is a regional allowance: “northern” - 30 percent) - 25.3 thousand rubles. True, this amount of money will be paid in full only during military training. For the rest of the period, that is, 11 months of the year, contract reservists will be paid only 12 percent of their salary. In this case, a senior lieutenant from the Central part of Russia will receive 3.3 thousand rubles per month, a sergeant in the Kemerovo region - 3.036 thousand rubles.

This payment procedure is provided for by the decree of the government of the Russian Federation “On establishing the monthly salary for citizens of the Russian Federation who are in the mobilization manpower reserve, with the exception of the period of military training” dated December 23, 2015. During the training camp, the state guarantees the reservist the preservation of the average salary or stipend. In addition, it will cover all costs of renting housing, travel to training camps and returning home, and business trips.

Separately, bonuses are provided for length of service. For example, 3 years after being included in the mobilization reserve, reservists will be able to receive an additional 10 percent of their salary. Over the years, this payment will increase, the maximum increase of 50 percent will be available after 20 years of continuous presence in the mobilization reserve.

How will it work

An important difference, which was already mentioned above, will be that the reservist will be assigned to a specific military unit or to the Center for Mobilization Deployment Support, where he will undergo training. This is one of the main advantages of the personnel reserve. Create truly combat-ready and trained units, when the fighters are well acquainted with each other (at least at the level of squads and crews) and have real experience interaction within the framework of studies and military training is impossible due to ordinary reservists who appear in the army in best case scenario once during many years of being in reserve.

Military expert Vladislav Shurygin, commenting on the formation of a mobilization reserve to Izvestia journalists, noted that there are such concepts as current and temporary shortages (TNKs and VNKs). For example, a serviceman has been transferred to a new duty station, but no one has yet been appointed to take his place. This is a temporary shortage. And if a serviceman gets sick and can no longer perform his direct duties, this is a current shortage. Thus, TNCs and VNCs can significantly influence the combat effectiveness of military units. For example, a battalion may be missing not only several driver drivers and machine gunners, but also a company commander. Their absence will significantly affect the ability of this battalion to solve combat missions. There are also positions that are introduced only in case of war, for example, assistant machine gunner. In peacetime, such positions are not needed, but in combat conditions they are necessary. Contract reservists who have entered into a contract and are assigned to a specific military unit will be able to replace TNK and VNK; their other task will be to make up for losses in war time.

Separately, experts highlight the fate of military equipment storage and repair bases (S&RVT), which will be disbanded. Until recently, the Ground Forces alone had more than 40 such bases (14 motorized rifle bases). Currently, Russia is already undergoing a reorganization of motorized rifle combat and combat vehicles. About a third of them are closed. Mainly, they used to only store equipment, while the staffing of such bases did not allow maintaining the stored equipment in proper technical condition. Now, in the TsOMRs created on their basis, they will store military equipment, and train reservists. If necessary, such centers will be transformed into full-fledged formations and military units.

It is known that a new modern infrastructure will be built for the CMMRs. So, back in 2016, the Russian Ministry of Defense signed a contract for the design of a new chemical and mechanical equipment located on Sakhalin. This project can be called an illustration of what the Mobilization Deployment Support Center will look like. The military camp planned for construction near the village of Dachnoye will be equipped with barracks to accommodate 521 soldiers and sergeants, a headquarters and training building, and a parking area of ​​700 thousand square meters, a heated storage facility for 1.2 thousand parking spaces, as well as warehouses for missile and artillery weapons and property. Special areas for storing and repairing equipment will also be built. This infrastructure will make it possible, in the event of a training camp, to receive an entire battalion of reservists without any problems, conduct with them the necessary exercises and perform scheduled maintenance of military equipment.

I work as a personnel officer at an auto company. The team is mostly men, most of He is registered with us in the military. Two young drivers plan to contact the military registration and enlistment office to sign a contract with the Ministry of Defense to remain in the mobilization manpower reserve. This is the first time I have encountered such a situation. Please tell us, will the conclusion of this contract have any impact on the work of employees? Is there anything required from HR officers? What documents will need to be completed and how long can the procedure take?

In order to answer your question, first of all you need to understand what a stock is and what types of stock are established.

In accordance with Art. 51.2 of the Federal Law of March 28, 1998 No. 53-FZ “On Military Duty and Military Service” (hereinafter referred to as the Law on Military Duty) mobilization reserve of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the RF Armed Forces) created to staff formations and military units for the period of mobilization deployment.

The stock consists of:

1. Mobilization human reserve.

Mobilization manpower reserve (hereinafter referred to as reserve)– citizens who are in the reserve and have concluded, in accordance with the established procedure, a contract to remain in the mobilization human reserve (hereinafter referred to as the reserve contract). This concept was introduced on January 1, 2013 by Federal Law dated December 30, 2013 No. 288-FZ.

2. Mobilization of human resources.

Mobilization human resource - citizens who are in the reserve and not part of the reserve.

Your employees who are in the reserves of the RF Armed Forces can join the mobilization manpower reserves of the RF Armed Forces. This is done only on a voluntary basis by concluding a contract to remain in the reserve. The procedure for entering the reserve, staying in it and being excluded from it is determined by the Law on Military Duty, other federal laws, as well as the Regulations on the procedure for the stay of citizens of the Russian Federation in the mobilization manpower reserve, which entered into force on September 15, 2015, approved. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated September 3, 2015 No. 933 (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations on staying in reserve), and other legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Our information: stock composition

Citizens in reserve are divided into three categories:

Note:

1. All female citizens in the reserves belong to the third category. Those with military ranks of officers remain in the reserve until they reach 50 years of age, the rest - until they reach 45 years of age.
2. Age set September 30, 2014

The entry and stay of an employee in the mobilization human reserve can be divided into several stages, in each of which the employer is involved to one degree or another.

Stage 1. Submission by the employee of an application about the desire to enter into a contract to remain in the mobilization human reserve

An employee who has expressed a desire to conclude a contract independently submits an application to the department for municipality military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the military registration and enlistment office department), where he is registered with the military, or in a military unit (clause 9 of the Regulations on staying in reserve). Along with the application, the citizen presents a document proving his identity and Russian citizenship, as well as other documents established by the Regulations on being in the reserve.

Please note that two of the documents submitted by the employee to the military registration and enlistment office must be completed by you (the employer). It's a copy work book and a job description from your last place of work.

Document 1. A copy of the work book.

An employee responsible in your organization for maintaining work records, based on a written application from the employee (example 1) must issue a copy of his work record. Deadline – no later than three working days from the date of submission of the application (clause 7 of the Rules for maintaining and storing work books, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 16, 2003 No. 225). In the same application, the employee may indicate the need to prepare a job description.

Example 1. Application for a copy of the work book and job description

How to make a copy of a work book?

Step 1. Make photocopies of each sheet of the original work book, including the title and back side of the first cover page, on which certification notes can be made about changes and additions made.

Step 2. The sheets should be numbered, stitched and sealed with the organization’s seal.

Step 3. On the first sheet write “Copy”, and on the last sheet write:

• certification “Correct”;
• position of the person who certified the copy;
• decryption of the signature (initials, surname);
• certification date (Clause 3.26 GOST R 6.30-2003 “Unified system of organizational and administrative documents. Requirements for document preparation”, approved by Resolution of the State Standard of Russia dated 03.03.2003 No. 65-st).

Example:

Document 2. Service characteristics.

This is an official document containing feedback on the employee’s official, scientific and other activities, including an assessment of his business, psychological and moral qualities.

The official description is written on the letterhead of the organization (institution) in any form from a third party. Its text, as a rule, is drawn up by the head of the structural unit (immediate superior), and approved by the head of the organization, sealing his signature (example 2).

Typically, the text of a job description is divided into three parts:

1. last name, first name and patronymic of the employee, date and place of birth; information about education (where, when and what educational establishments finished academic degree and rank); composition of the reserve (military rank of the reserve); the position held at the time of writing the characteristics and the date of appointment to it; other positions in the organization and other personal data;
2. assessment of professional skills and competence; business (for the manager) and personal qualities; work experience and practical skills; performance; completeness and quality of execution job responsibilities; ability to organize personal work time and adapt to innovations; psychological qualities, relationships with colleagues and clients, etc.;
3. conclusions and purpose of the characteristics.

Example 2. Service characteristics for admission to the mobilization human reserve

In the same time...

...an employee’s disagreement with the content of a job description cannot be the subject of an individual labor dispute, since it does not affect the application of labor legislation and other regulatory legal acts containing labor law norms.

At the same time, an employee who regards the information contained in the job description as discrediting his honor and dignity or business reputation has the right to file a corresponding claim in court. The dissemination of information discrediting the honor and dignity of citizens or the business reputation of citizens and legal entities should be understood as the publication of such information in the press, broadcast on radio and television, demonstration in newsreels and other media, distribution on the Internet, as well as using other means of telecommunications. communications, presentation in job descriptions, public speaking, statements addressed to officials, or a message in one form or another (including oral) to at least one person.

The communication of such information to the person to whom it concerns cannot be considered as dissemination if the person reporting it has taken sufficient confidentiality measures so that this information does not become known to third parties. (paragraph 2, paragraph 7 of the resolution of the Plenum Supreme Court RF dated February 24, 2005 No. 3 “On judicial practice in cases of protecting the honor and dignity of citizens, as well as the business reputation of citizens and legal entities”).

Stage 2. Passing a medical examination and a commission for selecting candidates for the mobilization human reserve

If the application is reviewed positively by the military registration and enlistment office, the employee will be sent to medical examination and the commission for selecting candidates for the reserve (hereinafter referred to as the selection committee). As a rule, the employee undergoes a medical examination and commission in the premises of the military registration and enlistment office, where he is summoned by summons. It can be presented both by employees of the military registration and enlistment office department (military registration desk), and by the employer on behalf of the military registration and enlistment office department (subparagraph “g”, paragraph 32 of the Regulations on military registration, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 27, 2006 No. 719).

During the medical examination and passage of the selection commission, employees are released from work, with their permanent place of work retained and their average earnings paid. They are reimbursed for expenses associated with renting (subletting) housing and paying for travel from their place of residence (work) and back, as well as travel expenses (Clause 1, Article 7 of the Law on Military Duty).

In this case, military transportation documents for traveling to the place of conclusion of the contract are provided to the candidate only once during his stay in the reserve.

To comply with these guarantees, you must, on the basis of a summons, issue an order to release the employee from work while maintaining his place and reimbursement of expenses in accordance with the Rules for compensation of expenses incurred by organizations and citizens of the Russian Federation in connection with the implementation of the Federal Law “On Military Duty and Military Service” , approved Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 1, 2004 No. 704 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules for Compensation of Expenses) (example 3). In such an order, the employer gives instructions to the heads of structural units to comply with the requirements of labor legislation.

Example 3. Order on release from work while maintaining a permanent place of work

Stage 3. Conclusion by the employee of a contract to remain in the mobilization human reserve

An employee recognized by the selection commission as meeting the requirements for enrollment in the reserve will, based on an order from the military registration and enlistment office department, be sent to a military unit to conclude a contract.

The first contract is for three years. A new contract can be concluded for three years, five years, or for the period until the age limit for being in the reserve (second-class reserve).

During the performance of duties related to the conclusion of the contract, the employee is released from work, retaining his place and paying average earnings. He is reimbursed for expenses related to rental housing and business travel.

The military registration and enlistment office department provides the candidate with military transportation documents to the destination and back. Based on the instructions of the military registration and enlistment office department (by analogy with the order in example 3) the employer issues an order.

What will happen?

The employer is entrusted with the obligation to notify employees about summonses (subpoenas) to the military registration and enlistment office and ensure the possibility of their timely appearance at the place specified by the military registration and enlistment office, including during the period of mobilization.

Failure to notify employees by the head or other official of the organization responsible for military registration work about their summons to the military registration and enlistment office, as well as failure to provide them with the opportunity to timely appear when summoned by the military registration and enlistment office, entails the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of 500 to 1000 rubles. (Article 21.2 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

Stage 4. Involving the reservist in certification, passing the qualification exam and military training

While in the reserve, the employee may be involved in certification, passing a qualification exam and military training. Certification is carried out for the purpose of comprehensive and objective assessment reservist, determining his purpose, suitability for the military position held and prospects for further stay in the reserve. The reservist is certified three months before the expiration of his term in the reserve.

A qualification exam is carried out to make a decision on assigning a class qualification to a reservist in the relevant specialty. Reservists take this exam as needed, but at least once every three years.

Please note: the employee has the right to apply for admission to the reserve directly to the military unit.

After considering the applicant’s candidacy, the unit commander may send him for selection and paperwork to the military registration and enlistment office department in which this employee is registered with the military. A request is issued for this citizen addressed to the head of the military registration and enlistment office department, which must be signed by the unit commander.

Then the candidate for reservist goes through all the established stages of joining the reserve: consideration of the issue in the military registration and enlistment office department, medical examination, selection commission, conclusion of a contract. It is necessary to take into account that the performance of official duties of a reservist is carried out in accordance with the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as with the official regulations.

You should know this

Expenses incurred by the organization in connection with the stay of their employees in the mobilization human reserve are compensated from the federal budget. To do this, you should contact the military registration and enlistment office

The reservist is obliged to report to the military unit within the period specified in the mobilization order, summons and (or) order of the military commissariat to perform duties in the relevant military position.

Reservists are involved in operational, mobilization and combat training activities during military training. The total duration of military training in which a reservist is involved cannot exceed 24 months.

For all these periods, the employer issues an order according to the following example 3 a form for releasing an employee from work while maintaining his place and average salary, as well as for reimbursement of other expenses (for renting housing, travel and business trips).

At the same time, all expenses incurred by the employer in connection with the stay of employees in the mobilization human reserve are compensated from the federal budget. To receive such compensation, you need to contact the military registration and enlistment office.

The employer also needs to know that employees who are in the reserve have the right to receive professional and additional professional education in military professional educational organizations or military organizations higher education without charging them tuition fees (clause 5.2 of article 19 of the Federal Law of May 27, 1998 No. 76-FZ “On the status of military personnel”).

Summary

The employer must:

• prepare the documents necessary for the employee to submit an application for concluding a contract;
• provide guarantees and compensation provided for by law, including release from work with retention of position and payment of average earnings during certain periods, as well as reimbursement of established expenses.

If tomorrow there is war

The Ministry of Defense is working on a project to create several reserve armies, which are planned to be formed in our country in the near future, Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Defense Committee Franz Klintsevich told Izvestia today. Their personnel, working at their enterprises, will periodically participate in military training, and also receive a monthly supplement for their stay in the reserve army. Reservists will be ready at any time to come to their assembly point, receive weapons and take part in a predetermined formed unit.

Military personnel who have completed military or contract service will be able to enroll in the reserve armies. They will be assigned places in the military unit. By undergoing training, reservists will be better prepared for exercises, training camps and real war.

The US experience is cited as an example of the use of an active reserve: a demobilized military man, immediately or shortly after leaving the army or air force, enters into a contract with the Pentagon for regular participation in military training and attends combat training classes once a week. This contingent makes up the National Guard, which is a branch of the armed forces. It can be used on a par with internal troops in emergency situations by order of the state governor. It is also used in foreign military operations at the discretion of the US President. Thus, according to experts, more than 300 thousand national guardsmen participated in Iraq and Afghanistan.

However, the State Deputy is perhaps too optimistic in his forecasts about the “armies of reservists.” Two years ago, the Ministry of Defense talked only about an experiment on the basis of the Western Military District; it was planned that the size of the “army of reservists” would probably be 8,600 people.

Two years later

An effective reserve is a decades-long dream of the Ministry of Defense of our country, because it is also an indicator of the combat readiness of any country.

There were reserves and military training in the USSR, and the further they went, the more they lost effectiveness. They might be called up for training camp once in their life, or they might not be called up at all. Drivers were at a premium - instead of collecting them, they were used on the harvesting front in agriculture. The tank crews had a good time training. The remaining “partisans,” as the reservists were called, were usually an additional load for military units. The effectiveness of the domestic reserve was eventually reduced to zero.

There was active talk about a permanent contractual reserve several years ago. In 2008, the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation reported that “in the near future” a new system for training and accumulating “mobilized resources” on a contract basis will be tested. Monthly additional payments were then called at the level of 7 thousand rubles.

In 2012, the draft law on the mobilization reserve was discussed from April to December and under New Year, December 30, the law was adopted. Thus, if the project of creating “reserve armies” is being discussed in the Ministry of Defense, this means that it is starting to implement the law adopted almost two years ago. In March 2013, the government approved the Regulations on the procedure for citizens of the Russian Federation to remain in the mobilization human reserve.

Reserve competition

The law divides reservists into two groups. Those who enter into a contract are a “mobilization human reserve.” The rest are “mobilization human resources.”

The procedure for joining the reserve is spelled out in detail: application to the military registration department, character reference, approval from the medical board, certification. Certification must be completed at the military unit where the candidate is sent to the reserve (the travel will be paid for by the Ministry of Defense). The decision to accept or refuse a candidate is made by the commission of the military unit after the qualification exam. They may refuse. According to the authors of the law and regulations, there may be competitions for reserve positions and titles. The contract is concluded by the unit commander, who is instructed to “comprehensively study the reservist.”

Contract duration. By law, a contract can be concluded for at least three years.

Age threshold : for soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen, warrant officers and midshipmen - up to 42 years old, for junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant, captain, captain-lieutenant - up to 47 years old, for major, captain 3rd rank, lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank - up to 52 years old. Colonels and captains of 1st rank can sign a contract up to 57 years of age.

Money: monthly salary, coefficient for highlands, north, etc., for a new contract - a one-time payment. For continuous stay in the reserve, starting from the second contract - bonuses from 10 to 50%.

The salary cannot be less than 10% of the salary for the military position for which the citizen is assigned to a military unit (assigned to a special formation), and the salary for military rank.

At the training camp, a salary according to the military position provided for by the staff of the military unit must be paid, and a salary according to the military rank, travel allowances for delivery to the training site, and at work the average salary (scholarship) and, of course, the place of work (study) itself are maintained.

Privileges.You can go for free vocational training, retraining and advanced training in the military educational institutions, but under conditions determined by the Ministry of Defense.

Perhaps in the new version the Russian reserve will acquire a new quality. The material interest of active reservists, the system of maintaining and improving their qualifications can at least partially fulfill the long-standing dream of the Ministry of Defense. In part, because the system of training and conscription for training does not seem to ensure the massiveness of the “reserve armies” that the State Duma deputy announced.

Are you by any chance a reservist?

Surely this project will meet hidden resistance from employers and complicate their relationships with employees. It is no coincidence that some experts propose recruiting reservists primarily from military-industrial complex enterprises working in close contact with the Ministry of Defense.

Perhaps the weakest point of the mobile reserve system is the vagueness of the periods of absence of reservists from the main workplace. In October 2013, the government added “Training sessions” to the Regulations on training camps, which should take place “in accordance with the requirements of combat training programs.” When and how often training will take place is an open question.

Nowadays, a potential civilian boss can easily ask a woman applying for vacant place, and is she going on maternity leave in the foreseeable future, if so, then goodbye. Such discrimination is prosecuted by law, but it is not advertised; there is a reason to refuse a place. Now the bosses will ask the men whether he is a paid reservist with a guarantee of regular military training and training.

The maximum period of stay of a qualified contract reservist is limited only by his age and can exceed more than 20 years.

When discussing the law, the Ministry of Defense noted that training camps would be held every year for two weeks (so that reservists would not be taken away from work for a long time) plus training. However, in the provision on mobile reserves, the total duration of military training to which a person can be involved during the entire period of stay in the reserve, the training limit is formulated differently: it cannot exceed 24 months.

The employer believes: if we take into account 20 years or more of experience of a contract worker, then an average of two months a year will work out (with the same salary and length of service) plus training (with the same salary and length of service). If legislators had specified an annual limit rather than 24 months of fees for a reservist’s entire career, there would have been more stability. By the way, the first people who wanted to get into this type of service learned that in three years the period of “separation from production” would not exceed 120 days. The statements of the Ministry of Defense, of course, are worth a lot, but the law is the law.

The experiment is coming to an end

For comparison, the training system for reservists of the US National Guard is clear and understandable: 48 four-hour classes throughout the year in training centers, that is, almost every weekend - military training plus three weeks of training, command and staff and military exercises conducted jointly with regular army troops.

Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation networks training centers does not have, therefore, by law, commanders of military units must deal with reservists. The first experimental unit was created in Khakassia. It was also announced that the experiment would be carried out on the basis of one of the military formations in Siberia.

The time is approaching to announce the results of the experiment involving contract reservists. It is possible that new amendments will appear in the law and regulations on the mobilization reserve.

Help LN.The mobilization reserve is devoted, in particular, to the “Regulations on the procedure for the stay of citizens of the Russian Federation in the mobilization human reserve”, the government decree on training sessions for contract reservists “On amendments to the Regulations on military training” and the basic document - Federal Law No. 288 of 30 December 2012. This law amends the laws “On Defense”, “On Mobilization Preparation and Mobilization in the Russian Federation”, “On Military Duty and Military Service”, “On the Status of Military Personnel”.