Character traits: examples. Character traits of a person, bad and good One of the personality traits

Being born, a new personality receives a unique character as a gift. Human nature can consist of traits inherited from parents, or it can manifest itself in a completely different, unexpected quality.

Nature does not just determine behavioral reactions, it specifically affects the manner of communication, attitude towards others and one's own person, to work. Character traits of a person create a certain worldview in a person.

A person's behavioral responses depend on the nature

Temperament or character?

These two definitions create confusion, because both of them are involved in the formation of personality and behavioral responses. In fact, the character and temperament are heterogeneous:

1. The character is formed from a list of certain acquired qualities of the personality's mental make-up.
2. Temperament is a biological quality. Psychologists distinguish four types of it: choleric, melancholic, sanguine and phlegmatic.

Having the same warehouse of temperament, individuals can have a completely different character. But temperament has an important influence on the development of nature - smoothing or sharpening it. Also, human nature directly affects temperament.

What is character

Psychologists, speaking of character, mean a certain combination of traits of an individual, persistent in their expression. These traits have the maximum impact on the behavioral line of the individual in diverse relationships:

• among people;
• in the work team;
• to one's own personality;
• to the surrounding reality;
• to physical and mental labor.

The word "character" is of Greek origin, it means "to mint". This definition was introduced by the naturalist Ancient Greece Theophrastus philosopher. Such a word really, very accurately defines the nature of the individual.

Theophrastus first coined the term "character"

The character seems to be drawn as a unique drawing, it gives rise to a unique seal that a person wears in a single copy.

Simply put, character is a combination, a combination of stable individual mental characteristics.

How to understand nature

To understand what kind of nature an individual has, you need to analyze all his actions. It is behavioral reactions that determine examples of character and characterize the personality.

But this judgment is often subjective. Far from always a person reacts as intuition tells him. Actions are influenced by upbringing, life experience, customs of the environment where the person lives.

But you can understand what kind of character a person has. Observing and analyzing the actions of a certain person for a long time, one can identify individual, especially stable features. If a person is completely different situations behaves in the same way, showing similar reactions, makes the same decision - this indicates the presence of a certain nature in him.

Knowing which character traits are manifested and dominated by a person, it is possible to predict how she will manifest herself in a given situation.

Character and traits

A character trait is an important part of a personality; it is a stable quality that determines the interaction of a person and the surrounding reality. This is a defining method of resolving emerging situations, therefore psychologists consider a trait of nature as a predictable personal behavior.

Variety of characters

A person acquires features of character in the course of his entire life span, it is impossible to attribute individual features of nature to innate and characterological. In order to analyze and assess the personality, the psychologist not only determines the totality of individual characteristics, but also highlights their distinctive features.

It is the character traits that are defined as leading in the study and compilation of the psychological characteristics of the individual.

But, defining, evaluating a person, studying the features of behavior in the social plan, the psychologist also uses knowledge of the content orientation of nature. It is defined in:

• strength-weakness;
• latitude-narrowness;
• static-dynamic;
• integrity-contradiction;
• integrity-fragmentation.

Such nuances constitute a general, complete description of a particular person.

List of personality traits

Human nature is the most complex cumulative combination of peculiar features, which is formed into a unique system. This order includes the most striking, stable personal qualities, which are revealed in the gradations of human-society relationships:

Relationship system	Inherent traits of an individual
	Plus	Minus
To self	fastidiousness	Condescension
	Self-criticism	Narcissism
	Meekness	Boastfulness
	Altruism	Egocentrism
To the people around	Sociability	Closure
	Complacency	Callousness
	Sincerity	deceitfulness
	Justice	Injustice
	Commonwealth	Individualism
	sensitivity	Callousness
	Courtesy	shamelessness
To work	organization	Laxity
	obligatory	stupidity
	diligence	slovenliness
	Enterprise	inertia
	industriousness	laziness
to items	frugality	Waste
	thoroughness	Negligence
	Neatness	Negligence

In addition to character traits included by psychologists in the gradation of relationships (a separate category), manifestations of nature in the moral, temperamental, cognitive and sthenic spheres were identified:

• moral: humanity, rigidity, sincerity, good nature, patriotism, impartiality, responsiveness;
• temperamental: gambling, sensuality, romance, liveliness, receptivity; passion, frivolity;
• intellectual (cognitive): analyticity, flexibility, inquisitiveness, resourcefulness, efficiency, criticality, thoughtfulness;
• sthenic (volitional): categoricalness, perseverance, obstinacy, stubbornness, purposefulness, timidity, courage, independence.

Many leading psychologists are inclined to believe that some personality traits should be divided into two categories:

1. Productive (motivational). Such traits push a person to commit certain acts and actions. This is the goal-feature.
2. Instrumental. Giving personality during any activity individuality and way (manners) of action. These are traits.

Gradation of character traits according to Allport

Allport's theory

Famous American psychologist Gordon Allport, expert and developer of gradations personality traits individual, personality traits divided into three classes:

Dominant. Such features most clearly reveal the behavioral form: actions, activities of a certain person. These include: kindness, selfishness, greed, secrecy, gentleness, modesty, greed.

Ordinary. They are equally manifested in all the numerous spheres of human life. These are: humanity, honesty, generosity, arrogance, altruism, egocentrism, cordiality, openness.

Secondary. These nuances do not have a particular effect on behavioral responses. These are not dominant behaviors. These include musicality, poetry, diligence, diligence.

A strong relationship is formed between the traits of nature existing in a person. This regularity forms the final character of the individual.

But any existing structure has its own hierarchy. The warehouse of man was no exception. This nuance is traced in Allport's proposed gradation structure, where minor features can be suppressed by dominant ones. But in order to predict the act of a person, it is necessary to focus on the totality of the features of nature..

What is typicality and individuality

In the manifestation of the nature of each personality, it always reflects the individual and typical. This is a harmonious combination of personal qualities, because the typical serves as the basis for identifying the individual.

What is a typical character. When a person has a certain set of traits that are the same (common) for a particular group of people, such a warehouse is called typical. Like a mirror, it reflects the accepted and habitual conditions for the existence of a particular group.

Also, typical features depend on the warehouse (a certain type of nature). They are also a condition for the appearance of a behavioral type of character, in the category of which a person is “recorded”.

Having understood exactly what signs are inherent in a given personality, a person can make an average (typical) psychological picture and assign a certain type of temperament. For example:

positive	negative
Choleric
Activity	Incontinence
Energy	irascibility
Sociability	Aggressiveness
Determination	Irritability
Initiative	Rudeness in communication
Impulsiveness	Behavior instability
Phlegmatic person
persistence	Low activity
performance	slowness
calmness	immobility
Consistency	uncommunicative
Reliability	Individualism
good faith	laziness
sanguine
Sociability	Rejection of monotony
Activity	Superficiality
benevolence	Lack of persistence
adaptability	bad perseverance
Cheerfulness	Frivolity
Courage	Recklessness in actions
Resourcefulness	Inability to focus
Melancholic
Sensitivity	Closure
Impressionability	Low activity
diligence	uncommunicative
Restraint	Vulnerability
cordiality	Shyness
Accuracy	Poor performance

Such typical character traits corresponding to a certain temperament are observed in each (to one degree or another) representative of the group.

individual manifestation. Relationships between individuals always have an evaluative characteristic, they are manifested in a rich variety of behavioral reactions. On the manifestation of the individual traits of the individual has big influence emerging circumstances, a formed worldview and a certain environment.

This feature is reflected in the brightness of various typical features of the individual. They are not the same in intensity and develop in each individual individually.

Some typical features are so powerfully manifested in a person that they become not just individual, but unique.

In this case, typicality develops, by definition, into individuality. This classification of personality helps to identify the negative characteristics of the individual that prevent them from expressing themselves and achieving a certain position in society.

Working on oneself, analyzing and correcting shortcomings in own character, each person creates the life to which he aspires.

Before proceeding with the classification and enumeration of human character traits, it is necessary to understand what meaning and concept is attached to this term. Translated from Greek, "character" means a difference, sign or sign. The personality of each person is multifaceted and in each there is an interweaving of a large number of personal properties that determine the behavior of a person in a given situation. What are the character traits?

Classification of personality traits

Conventionally, the main character traits are divided into three main groups.

• the first characterizes emotions;
• the second is will;
• the third is intellect.

There is also a division according to the direction of influence.

1. First of all, this is characterized by the attitude to the external environment - society and the surrounding people.
2. Secondly, by the attitude towards one's own person;
3. In the third - to activity, that is, work and learning.

An emotional group that includes traits such as:

• aggressiveness;
• lethargy;
• artistry;
• irascibility;
• impressionability;
• good nature;
• cheerfulness;
• isolation;
• impulsiveness;
• capriciousness;
• love of love;
• melancholy and others

All of them are formed in early childhood, when the child's psyche undergoes a stage of formation under the influence of many different factors.

Strong-willed character traits are acquired throughout life:

1. might;
2. masculinity;
3. assertiveness;
4. resourcefulness;
5. obsession;
6. discretion;
7. pedantry;
8. devotion, etc.

The intellectual group includes:

• insight;
• reasonableness;
• prudence;
• independence;
• smartness;
• intelligence;
• wholeness, etc.

Of decisive importance here is the natural predisposition, which is influenced by hereditary genes and temperament.

However, the environment of the child cannot be discounted: it would be more correct to say that it plays the same role in the formation of the personality, as well as what is laid down by nature.

The baby grows, gains experience of interacting with outside world and a set of positive and negative personality traits. This process continues throughout life and the list of existing character traits is constantly updated with new personality traits. And if at first this process occurs unconsciously, reflexively, then later, when a person is aware of his actions, he can already make a choice. This conscious choice opens up opportunities for character transformation, that is, personal growth.

Basic personality traits

To date, the list of character traits consists of several hundred different definitions.

Their most different combinations can be found in the same person. But in general, the personal properties that exist today are divided into positive and negative.

However, it is impossible to say with absolute certainty that this is a bad character trait, and this is a good one.

For example, adventurism can be called both a negative trait and a positive one, depending on what effect it has on human behavior.

If he is excessively and thoughtlessly carried away by various adventures of an incomprehensible nature, then this, most likely, will not bring him to good.

The healthy adventurism inherent in a successful businessman allows him to move forward, invest in promising projects and prosper. Or, for example, envy. Everyone will say that this trait is extremely negative.

But psychologists say that it is the engine of progress, forcing people to strive forward and achieve more than others have. In most cases, it is worth talking about certain sets of properties that, depending on the current situation, can have a greater impact on a person. But from a social and moral point of view, they can all be divided into positive and negative.

Negative character traits

Here are some of them:

To negative qualities personalities can also be attributed to rudeness, boasting, familiarity, gloom, vanity, obstinacy, bitchiness, arrogance, licentiousness, etc.

List of positive personality traits

Here are some of them:

To positive qualities personality can also be attributed meekness, sincerity, caring, gullibility, restraint, politeness, nobility, accuracy, etc.

How many people, so many characters, and it is impossible to predict a person's behavior in a certain situation, even knowing him well. Throughout life, you can cultivate positive traits in yourself and try to downplay the power of negative ones, but few can do this.

Only those who are ready to grow spiritually are able to change themselves and their lives for the better.

Properties, or personality traits, are characteristics that most accurately describe the deepest characteristics of a person, something that gives an idea of ​​​​his manner of communicating with society, responding to certain situations, not only at this particular moment, but also during long-term contact with others.

Personality traits can be of a social nature and be innate characteristics of a particular individual.

Classification of personality traits

The main character traits are usually divided into three groups:

1. The attitude of the individual to society, the surrounding people (in other words, the attitude to the external environment).
2. Attitude towards oneself.
3. Attitude to learning and work, that is, to activity.

Emotional character traits, such as apathy or cheerfulness, aggressiveness or good nature, impulsiveness or isolation, lovingness, capriciousness, irascibility, melancholy, and so on, are formed at an early stage in the formation of the psyche, that is, in early childhood.

intellectual character traits ( prudence, insight, independence, etc.) and strong-willed(masculinity, assertiveness, prudence, pedantry, etc.) character traits, on the contrary, are acquired during life, being formed under the influence of various external situations.

Characteristics such as the following are not personality traits:

In the formation of a person's personality, natural predisposition will be of great importance, as well as the influence of temperament and hereditary genes on it.

However, one should not underestimate the role played by the environment of the child in the formation of his character. It is no less important than innate features. The kid will know the world and learns to act in different situations in one way or another. At first, this process occurs reflexively, and then becomes the result of a conscious choice. It is this choice that determines the further development of the personality, its growth..

Main character traits

In any person, you can find an interweaving of a wide variety of personality traits, both positive and negative. While it is impossible to say with absolute certainty that a particular character trait is positive or negative, for example, a propensity for all sorts of adventures can both help in prosperity and create huge problems, depending on how deliberately a person participates in adventures.

Envy, for example, is commonly referred to as an extremely negative personality trait, but it can encourage the envious person to move forward and achieve much more than others. In general, it can be said that the determining role is played not so much by a specific character trait as by the ability to apply it correctly, as well as its combination with other personality traits. But from a moral point of view, the most characteristic personality traits are still usually divided into negative and positive.

Negative Traits

Positive features

The list of positive character traits can be very long, but the most significant include:

Of course, all of the above is not an axiom, and it is almost impossible to predict how a particular person will react to a particular situation, how he will behave in it, even knowing him closely. Besides, negative character traits can be:

• decrease,
• turn into positive.

However, this is achieved by long and hard work on oneself, and this, unfortunately, is far from being possible for many.

A characteristic for a student in a military registration and enlistment office is a certificate containing a description of characteristic and distinguishing features and qualities of a teenager and a reflective opinion educational institution about him. This document is needed in the case when it becomes necessary to evaluate the young man and establish the decisions of the authorities in relation to him. It is on the content of the characteristics that it largely depends on whether the conscript will serve in the army or not. Therefore, the characteristic personality traits of a student for the military registration and enlistment office indicated in this document must be stated clearly and reliably.

Document for military commissar

Along with other standard documents, the characteristic is attached to the recruit's personal file. After a thorough study by a psychotherapist during recruiting events, depending on its content, a decision is made as to which types of troops the recruit is fit for.

The characteristic from the place of study for the military enlistment office is important in that it contains an assessment of the social activity, initiative and behavior of the young man in society. Such documents play an important role, so here it is necessary to indicate the social and mental nuances of the person being characterized. Equally important are student performance data.

The value of the content of the characteristic

However, this is only in theory, in practice, the characteristic for the military registration and enlistment office from the place of study is purely formal. Most often, its content is taken into account when it comes to distribution to the elite types of troops. In this case, the representatives of the commissariat consider the psychological portrait young man. If the information indicated in this document has a negative connotation, then the conscript is unlikely to enter the service in the Airborne Forces, detachments marines or the Presidential Regiment.

Psychologists of the military commissariat carefully study the character of the conscript and, if he wishes, to get into alternative civilian service. Since the pacifist attitude of a young man is difficult to document, the characteristic becomes the main document confirming or refuting the morale of the conscript.

Who can give a personal assessment

A characteristic in the military registration and enlistment office for a student from a school can be presented in two forms: ordinary or psychological. The first option is a mandatory certificate. She writes classroom teacher. In this case, the characteristic will contain the main points that will tell about the student's family, about his academic performance, intellectual development, about social status occupied in the classroom, the level of self-esteem and basic psychological qualities. Thus, the pedagogical certificate must contain complete and capacious information about the young man.

From a higher or secondary professional educational institution for the military registration and enlistment office, the characteristic features of the personality of a student (student) are recorded by an official - an employee of the dean's office.

Psychological characteristic

Sometimes, at the request of the competent services, a psychological characteristic is requested. Except general information about the conscript, this document should contain paragraphs describing psychological features young men. In this case, the psychologist describes the characteristic features of the student's personality for the military registration and enlistment office.

However, before characterizing a young man, it is necessary to conduct a whole range of studies in order to fully identify his main features. In addition to the results, it will also be necessary to describe the methods used to research and test the student. Of no small importance will be the description of the behavior of the young man during the tests.

Document Form

The characteristic does not have any strict form of filling, however, when making it, certain rules and points that must be indicated should be taken into account. Such an assessment is written in a free style by hand or typed.

Document structure

The rules for writing a characteristic for a student in the military registration and enlistment office mainly consist of certain generally accepted formulations. The structure of the evidence that defines the main character traits of a young man should include:

• A block with personal information, which indicates the full name of the student, date of birth, address of residence, place of study, year of admission to the educational institution.
• A block containing information about the composition of the family, financial situation and intra-family relations. Next of kin are listed here.
• A block describing the psychological portrait of a young man, including information about his moral qualities and behavioral norms.
• A block informing about behavior at the place of study and relationships with classmates and classmates. The average grade point, the level of physical fitness and possession is indicated foreign languages.
• Successes and achievements in the process of study. Participation in public life educational institution.
• Hobbies of a young man, his habits.

The characteristic personality traits of a student for the military registration and enlistment office described in the certificate should not only contain the good qualities of the conscript, but also indicate his shortcomings. Information should be entered by the responsible person, if the young person has drives to the police station, about conflicts and tendencies to mood swings, outbursts of anger or depression. Despite the fact that many samples of characteristics in the military registration and enlistment office do not contain this item, you should by no means miss it.

The Importance of Accurate Information

Reliable and complete information about personal qualities conscript will help to avoid unwanted situations. Timely informing the employees of the military commissariat about the characteristics of the character of the young man prevents the occurrence of possible conflicts during the service.

The specifics of writing the general psychological and pedagogical characteristics of the student

Some Descriptions of Examples characteristic features the identity of the student for the military registration and enlistment office, in addition to the generally accepted points and blocks, may contain detailed information about the deviation in development or impaired motor skills in physical or cognitive activity and features of speech. The points characterizing the mental abilities of the student must necessarily reflect information about the features of the ability to analyze and synthesize information obtained through visual and auditory perception.

The emotional-volitional sphere of the student can also be characterized here: sensitivity, prevailing moods, the level of psycho-emotional excitability, the presence of outbursts of anger, subordination, suggestibility. Also, if available, the pathological inclinations of the young man are indicated.

When describing the characteristic features of a student's personality for the military registration and enlistment office, the teacher has the right to draw conclusions about the orientation of the personality. He is obliged to indicate the main interests, criteria for self-assessment and responsibility of the student. The tasks of the responsible person include forming an assessment of the behavior of the norms and rules of the student's behavior in society, determining the place and role in the team, indicating the level of social adaptation of the young man and relationships with others.

In the characteristic being compiled, the responsible person has the right to reflect his own conclusions about the student or indicate the general opinion of the teaching staff.

Sample characteristics of a student in the military registration and enlistment office from school

Characteristics for a student of 11 "B" class

MBOU "Gymnasium No. 5"

Barnaul, Altai Territory

Petrov Vladislav Fedorovich

Petrov Vladislav Fedorovich, born in 1990 is MBOU students"Gymnasium No. 5" since 2008. Currently completing her studies in the 11th grade.

The level of physical fitness is high. Healthy, the physical training group is the main one. Doesn't use alcohol or drugs. Tobacco smoking has a negative attitude. There were no leads to the police.

Height - 172 cm, weight - 70 kg. Physical development corresponds to age norms.

Family Composition:

• Mother works as a cook in the school canteen, education - secondary special.
• My father works as a technologist at a woodworking enterprise, his education is higher.
• My brother is in 6th grade.
• On the side of the father, there are grandparents on the side of the mother.

They live in their own house, living conditions are good.

The family belongs to the average level of material prosperity.

Family relationships are warm and trusting. At home, the student is treated with care and understanding, they control the observance of school discipline and the level of academic performance. In turn, the student treats his relatives with respect. His father enjoys special authority.

During his studies at school, the young man showed himself with positive side. The teaching staff characterizes him as a responsible, hardworking and conscientious student. Disciplined, modest, independent, sociable and friendly towards peers. He knows how to defend his own opinion.

For core subjects curriculum rated "good" and "excellent". Average score progress - 4.1

By nature - calm, balanced, tends to prevent conflict situations. When there is a conflict, he tries to come to a compromise. There are many friends, he enjoys authority among his comrades. Always ready to help classmates and support in difficult times.

An active participant in the social and sports activities of the educational institution. She strives to fulfill school assignments with full dedication. From the second grade, she has been involved in athletics and periodically wins prizes in district, city and regional sports events.

Date - 01/15/2018

Director - Cherepanova Galina Petrovna

Class teacher - Frolova Irina Viktorovna

Finally

A characteristic for the military enlistment office from the place of study is a kind of resume. Therefore, the definition of the main characterizing qualities and personal assessment must be approached with special responsibility. After all, how accurately and reliably the facts are stated depends not only on the effective distribution to certain troops, but also on the likelihood of conflict situations during military service.

Personality traits (personality traits, personality traits) are the traits and characteristics of a person that describe his internal (or, more precisely, deep) features. What you need to know about the peculiarities of his behavior, communication and response to certain situations, not specifically now, but during long-term contacts with a person.

Personal traits include deep features that have both a biological and a social nature, and determine more superficial, situational manifestations.

Conscientiousness, as a personality trait, in a particular situation will manifest itself as a willingness to bring the matter to the end.

Positive personality traits are often referred to as: personality traits.

What personality traits can be classified as personality traits? It is easier to note that it does not apply to personality traits. Characteristics that describe the following are not personality traits:

1. Subjective attitude to personality (Unusual, Surprising, Unpleasant).
2. The physical qualities of a person (dexterous, beautiful).
3. Social characteristics and "titles" (Experienced, Wise, Foreman, Saint, Enlightened).
4. temporary, not steady state person, such as situational (Tired) or mood-dependent (Dejected or Radiating happiness). Unlike a position that can be quickly chosen, a personality trait does not change quickly. A personality trait is an unchanging circumstance that can only be reckoned with, used or overcome. Something like the weather outside the window: we cannot change it, but if it rains there, we can take an umbrella and go where we need to go.

Is it possible to give a complete list of personality traits? - It is impossible to create a complete, “correct” list of personality traits: on the one hand, it is endless (limited only by the capabilities of the language and the imagination of its owner), on the other hand, this list is created for the specific needs of a particular study and therefore is always arbitrary.

In an attempt to achieve a comprehensive description of personality, R. Cattell began by collecting all the names of personality traits found either in dictionaries such as those compiled by G. Allport and H. Odbert, or in psychiatric and psychological literature. The resulting list of names (4500 characteristics) was reduced to 171 personality traits by combining explicit synonyms.

Further, whether some situational feature of a person is her chosen position or a stable trait, it is not always possible to say. Position, this is a certain way of thinking and attitude chosen by a person, then personality traits are stable personality traits. Unlike a position that can be quickly chosen, a personality trait does not change quickly.

If a person behaves like a Victim, is this a trait or a situational choice? To answer this question, you need to observe a person in different situations. Many of the personality traits can be simultaneously attributed to traits and positions, while noting the “overweight” of one or the other, characteristic of a particular culture of a given time. For example, today it is more often the position than the personality trait of an adult. Few people can definitely say that he has a stable characteristic of always taking care of himself and always only at his own expense. More often a person in a given situation quickly chooses this way of life, and in another situation he can make a different decision. However, we can also say that some people adhere to the position of the Consumer, having made a conscious choice and made it their stable habit. And in this sense - a personality trait.

The most common list of personality traits used in classical psychological tests: MMPI, Cattell's test and others. According to Kettel, these are, first of all: "isolation - sociability", intelligence, "emotional instability - emotional stability", "subordination - dominance", "restraint - expressiveness", "low normative behavior - high normative behavior", "timidity - courage "," Rigidity - sensitivity", " gullibility - suspicion", "practicality - daydreaming", "straightforwardness - diplomacy", "calmness - anxiety", "conservatism - radicalism", "conformism - nonconformism", "low self-control - high self-control ”, “relaxation - tension”, “adequate self-esteem - inadequate self-esteem" (primary test factors), as well as "anxiety", "extroversion - introversion", "sensitivity" and "conformity" (secondary factors of the test).

It seems that the list of personality traits that are relevant in life is easy to continue: these are adequacy, suggestibility, good breeding, sincerity, perfectionism, restraint, and many others.

It is difficult to make a coherent system of personality traits, primarily due to the fact that personality traits are connected with each other not only linearly, but also hierarchically. For example, behavioral habits such as "Nodding", "Hooting" and "Flashing eyes" are components of the ability to give signs of listening - skills and habits more high level. In turn, the signs of listening, together with adjustments in the body, adjustments in the dictionary, are components of the ability to listen. In turn, the ability to listen together, the ability to speak in clear theses, the skill of operating with facts and specifics, and the habit of summing up are components of thoughtful communication, which in turn is part of effective communication. Effective communication enters, as an element, into effective leadership, and so on.

From the point of view of the needs of practice, the list of personality traits can be significantly narrowed by highlighting the root, fundamental, proper personality traits. These are considered to be