Why did Adolf Hitler kill Jews. “The Final Solution to the Jewish Question. Algorithm for solving the Jewish question

One of the main enemies and at the same time propaganda targets of the National Socialists was the "world plutocrats" - the tycoons of international financial capital. Many of them were of Jewish origin, which the Nazis painstakingly emphasized.

At the same time, the bulk of the German Jews were small merchants, lawyers, doctors, artisans, and journalists. They could not possibly be classified as big businessmen, but they were a convenient object of racial hatred. Strangers by faith, almost not engaged in physical labor, they became the object of attacks from the ruined peasants, unemployed workers, and German merchants and artisans, seeing in Jewish colleagues their competitors, especially unpleasant during a crisis and falling demand, also did not have warm feelings for sons of Israel.

Even in the book “My Struggle”, Hitler openly expressed regret that on the eve and during the First World War “it was not possible to poison 12-15 thousand of these Jewish traitors to the people with gas.” It was the Jews that he considered the perpetrators of the “stab in the back” of the fighting German army in 1918.

Since 1933 public policy anti-Semitism began in Germany, which meant the expulsion of Jews from public life, culture and all more or less prestigious professions, and with the outbreak of World War II - the complete physical destruction of the Jewish people as part of the "final solution Jewish question". This policy was rooted in Hitler's pathological anti-Semitism, which had already developed in Vienna on the eve of the First World War. In the book My Struggle, he recalled: “It finally pushed me away from the Jews when I became acquainted not only with the physical untidiness, but also with the moral filth of this chosen people ...

Is there at least one unclean deed in the world, at least one shamelessness of any kind, and above all in the field of the cultural life of peoples, in which he would not be involved in at least one Jew? Just as you find a worm or its larva in any abscess, so in any dirty story you will certainly come across a Jew.

When I got acquainted with the activities of the Jews in the press, in art, in literature, in the theater, this inevitably had to strengthen my negative attitude towards the Jews ...

This is a plague, a plague, a real spiritual plague, worse than the black death that once frightened the people. And in what countless quantities this poison was produced and distributed! ..

Approving theater reviews have always applied only to Jewish authors. Sharp criticism never fell on anyone other than the Germans. The injections against Wilhelm II became a system, as well as a special emphasis on French culture and civilization. The piquancy of a literary novel was raised to the level of simple obscenity. Even in their German there was something else...

The attitude of the Jews towards prostitution and still more towards the trade in girls can be observed in Vienna better than anywhere else in Western Europe, with the possible exception of some ports in the south of France. It was worth going out into the street at night to come across at every step in some quarters of Vienna disgusting scenes that were completely unknown to the majority of the German people right up to the World War itself, when part of our German soldiers on the Eastern Front had the opportunity, or, more precisely, was forced to get acquainted with such a spectacle...

What was completely incomprehensible was the boundless hatred with which they treat their own people, the greatness of their people, the hatred with which they dishonor the history of their own country and dump the names of its great figures in the mud.

This struggle against one's own country, one's own nest, one's own hearth is senseless and incomprehensible. It's just unnatural.

From this defect they could be cured sometimes for several days, at most for several weeks. Soon, when meeting with those who seemed cured to you, you had to make sure that he remained the same, that he was again in the power of the unnatural.

Hitler proclaimed: “No reconciliation with the Jews is possible. With them, only a conversation is possible according to the principle: either - or! either they - or we!

Since it cannot be cured, it must be destroyed. And they destroyed almost 6 million people, bringing them, so to speak, into a “natural state”.

The Führer directly connected Jewry with Marxism and Social Democracy. Sometimes the words "Jew", "Marxist", "Communist" and "Social Democrat" acted as synonyms for him. And Hitler considered all of them worst enemies the German nation, uniting political and racial categories in their minds. He stated: “When I began to study more deeply the whole role of the Jewish people in world history, the thought suddenly flashed through my mind that, perhaps, inscrutable fates, for reasons that we, poor people, still remain unknown, were nevertheless destined final victory to this little people. Perhaps this people, who have been living on this earth from time immemorial, will still get the whole earth as a reward?

Do we have an objective right to fight for self-preservation, or does this right have only a subjective justification?

When I finally delved into the study of Marxism and with calm clarity summed up the activities of the Jewish people, fate itself gave me its answer.

The Jewish teaching of Marxism rejects the aristocratic principle of birth and puts the number of the mass and its dead weight in place of the eternal superiority of strength and individuality. Marxism denies the value of the individual in man, it disputes the significance of nationality and race, and thus deprives humanity of the prerequisites for its existence and its culture. If Marxism became the basis of the whole world, it would mean the end of every system that the human mind has hitherto imagined. For the inhabitants of our planet, this would mean the end of their existence.

If a Jew, with the help of his Marxist creed, succeeded in defeating the peoples of the world, his crown would be the crown on the grave of all mankind. Then our planet, as it was with it millions of years ago, would rush through the ether, again deserted and empty.

Eternal nature ruthlessly avenges the violation of its laws.

Now I am sure that I am acting completely in the spirit of the Almighty Creator, fighting for the destruction of Jewry, I am fighting for the cause of God.

The extermination of the Jews became one of the main goals of foreign and domestic policy Third Reich. Hitler was not deterred by the fact that a quarter of all German Nobel laureates were people of Jewish origin. In addition, the Jewish theme became a powerful weapon of Nazi propaganda. All anti-fascists in Germany were declared Jews or accomplices of Jews. And as for the governments of the countries of the anti-Hitler coalition, it was argued that they were under powerful Jewish influence.

Strictly speaking, there was a significant element of irrationality in the extermination of the Jews. " final decision"demonstrates the harm that Hitler's racial doctrine carried from a pragmatic point of view. It's one thing when the Jews were deprived civil rights and pushed out of economic life. This was only welcomed by the bulk of the German people and was a powerful propaganda tool to increase the popularity of the National Socialists. But quite different - the total extermination of the Jews. This could not meet with the approval of not only the vast majority of Germans, but also many notorious anti-Semites. The bulk of the Germans, even if they experienced negative feelings in relation to the Jews and welcomed the Nuremberg laws that imposed severe restrictions on the Jews, was not at all ready to accept their physical destruction. There was no way to use the fact of the extermination of the Jews as a propaganda tool. Therefore, the "final solution of the Jewish question" had to be carried out in deep secret both from the German people and from the world community. If this crime had become known, this circumstance would have brought enormous harm to Nazi Germany, and there was no chance to reliably hide the organized murder of millions of Jews, given total number people involved in the action.

Destroying millions of Jews, the Nazis in wartime deprived the German economy of millions of workers who could well be used, even if on a forced basis. The "Final Solution" sometimes made it difficult to supply the army, since Jewish artisans could not always be quickly replaced. It is no coincidence that, at the request of the military command and the occupation administration, the Sonderkommando for the time being spared Jewish artisans who worked for the needs of the army. It would seem that from a rational point of view, it would be more profitable for the National Socialists to drive the Jews of Europe to labor camps, where they could work to increase the military and economic potential of the Reich. Hitler was well aware of all the disadvantages of the "Final Solution" both in economic and propaganda terms. However, he harbored a simply mystical, bestial, irresistible hatred for the Jews and chose to follow the path of their complete destruction, despite all the obvious risks and disadvantages of such a course of action. The destruction of the Jews in his mind was inextricably linked with the triumph of the German race. The Fuhrer preached the slogan: "The Jews must die so that the Germans live, so that Germany lives." The tragedy of world Jewry and all of humanity was that the senseless from the point of view of common sense and inhuman "final solution" was carried out by completely rational and even optimal methods in terms of destroying the maximum number of people in the shortest possible time.

It must be admitted that the anti-Jewish slogans of the Nazis fell on the fertile ground of traditional anti-Semitism. The Jews were blamed both for the defeat of 1918, and for the revolution that followed, and for the burden of reparation payments, especially because of their links with the "Jewish plutocracy" of England, France and the United States. At the same time, Jews in Germany were treated less cruelly than in Hitler's native Austria. The so-called Nuremberg Laws adopted in 1935 provided full political and legal rights only to citizens of the Reich, who were required to document that German blood flows in their veins. Jews, on the other hand, were deprived of political and most property rights and were declared only "subjects of the Reich." One of the laws, "for the protection of German blood and German honor," forbade marriages and sexual relations between Jews and non-Jews. However, in the Reich, up to the “Kristallnacht” of November 1938, provoked by the assassination of the adviser of the German embassy in Paris by a Jewish youth - an emigrant from Germany, Jews were not yet subjected to direct persecution associated with overt violence. In Austria, immediately after the Anschluss in March 1938, the inhabitants of Vienna drove the Jews out into the streets and, mockingly, forced them to wash the sidewalks with soap. With the outbreak of the Second World War, as we remember, a transition was made to the policy of the “final solution of the Jewish question”, which had as its ultimate goal the complete physical extermination of the Jews of Europe. The task was completed by half, exterminating 6 out of 12 million Jews.

The bogey of the "Jewish threat" was supposed to serve as an excuse for the German people in unleashing the Second World War by Hitler. As early as January 30, 1939, Hitler issued an ominous warning: “If the international Jewish financial circles in Europe and beyond succeed in drawing the peoples into a world war again, then its result will not be the Bolshevization of the world and, consequently, the triumph of Jewry, but the destruction of the Jewish race in Europe ". And on March 21, 1943, after Stalingrad and El Alamein, the Fuhrer demagogically stated: "Eternal Jewry imposed this cruel and merciless war on us."

If, before the start of World War II, the Nazis seriously discussed projects for the deportation of German Jews to Madagascar or to any other Asian or African country, then wartime conditions were considered highly favorable for more radical action. Especially convenient was the situation in the Eastern Theater of Operations, where there were no international conventions on the treatment of prisoners of war and residents of the occupied territories, and there were no observers and correspondents from neutral countries. The Einsatzgruppen and Sonderkommandos of the SD (security services), who followed immediately after the advancing units of the Wehrmacht, immediately identified all the Jews in the occupied territory, in which they were actively assisted by a significant part of the local residents, and shot them. The head of the German Labor Front, Robert Ley, declared as early as May 1942 in Karlsruhe: "It is necessary not only to isolate humanity from the Jewish disease - the Jews must be exterminated."

On April 2, 1941, on the eve of the campaign against Russia, Hitler summoned the future Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories, Alfred Rosenberg, and informed him of the plans for the "final solution" of the Jewish question through the complete extermination of the Jews of Europe. The occupied territories of the USSR were given a special role in this matter. Here, away from the eyes of the public, they were going to deport the Jews Western Europe to destroy everyone. After a two-hour conversation, horrified by Hitler's plans, Rosenberg could only write in his diary: "Today I cannot write about it, but I will never forget it." And on May 20, 1941, in Department IV B4 of the SD, Adolf Eichmann received instructions that “the final solution of the Jewish question will soon come,” in connection with which all police units were ordered to prevent the emigration of Jews from the Reich and the occupied territories of Western Europe. Subsequently, Jews from Germany, Poland and the countries of Western Europe were deported to the occupied Soviet territory to exterminate them. In total, almost 2 million of the approximately 6 million Jews exterminated by the Nazis died here.

In the occupied territories, the Nazi policy towards the Jews met with support among a significant part of the local population, which in the overwhelming majority was characterized by one degree or another of anti-Semitism. For example, the head of the Soviet underground in Mogilev, Kazimir Matte, admitted: “In the first months of the occupation, the Germans physically destroyed all the Jews. This fact has given rise to many controversies. The most reactionary part of the population, relatively small, fully justified this atrocity and assisted them in this. The main philistine part did not agree with such a brutal reprisal, but argued that the Jews themselves are to blame for the fact that everyone hates them, but it would be enough to restrict them economically and politically, and to shoot only some who held responsible positions. The rest of the population - Soviet-minded - sympathized with and helped the Jews in many ways, but was very indignant at the passivity of the Jews, as they gave themselves to the slaughter without making a single, even spontaneous attempt to speak out against the Germans in the city or mass departure to the partisans. In addition, pro-Soviet people noted that many Jews before the war tried to get more profitable and good official positions, established mutual responsibility among themselves, often allowed a tactless attitude towards Russians, intimidating them with prosecution for the slightest speech against a Jew, etc. “And now the Jews are also waiting for help from the Russian Ivanovs, but they themselves are doing nothing,” they said. The general conclusion of the population turned out to be this: no matter how the German paid off with everyone the way he did with the Jews. This made many think about it, introduced distrust towards the Germans. Similar anti-Jewish sentiments prevailed among a significant part of the population of Poland, Ukraine, Belarus and the Baltic states, which were previously part of the notorious "Pale of Settlement" in Russian Empire, to the east of which Jews were forbidden to settle. This facilitated the implementation of the "Final Solution".

At first, the extermination of the Jews was carried out in deep secrecy, even from a number of senior officials Reich. But on October 6, 1943, Himmler, speaking to the Gauleiters and Reichsleiters in Poznań, no doubt on behalf of Hitler, decided that the time had come to bring them into the program of the extermination of the Jewry in order to make them unconditional accomplices in genocide. The Reichsführer spoke in a penetrating, sincere voice, but from what he heard from those gathered, a chill ran through his skin: “I want to talk frankly with you about a very serious matter. Now, among ourselves, we can talk about it quite openly, but I will never talk about it publicly. In the same way as, in obedience to the order, we, fulfilling our duty, on June 30, 1934, put misguided comrades against the wall (meaning the murder of Rem and his supporters. - B.S.), - but we never talked about it and will not talk about it. Our natural tact urged us never to touch upon this subject. Each of us was horrified, but at the same time we understood that the next time, if necessary, he would do the same.

Now we are talking about deportation and the extermination of the Jewish nation. It sounds simple: "The Jews will be destroyed." And all the members of our party will certainly say this: "The extermination of the Jews, their extermination is one of the points of our program, and it will be fulfilled."

And then all 80 million worthy Germans come to us, and each asks for his decent Jew. All the rest, of course, are pigs, but this one is a good Jew. None of those who say this have seen it happen with their own eyes... Most of those present here know what it is like to see 100, or 500, or 1000 corpses laid in a row. To be able to endure this - with the exception of individual cases of human weakness - and maintain decency in oneself - this is the test that hardened us. This is a glorious unwritten page in our history, because we know how difficult it would be for us today - in the conditions of bombing, hardships and hardships of wartime, if Jews still lived in every our city: hidden saboteurs, agitators and troublemakers ...

The wealth they owned, we took from them. I gave a strict order, carried out by SS-Obergruppenführer Pohl (Head of the Economic Department of the SS. - B.S.), hand it over to the Reich. We left nothing for ourselves. Those who make mistakes will be punished in accordance with the order given by me at the very beginning, which read: anyone who appropriates even one of these stamps is to be executed. Several SS officers - not many of them - violated this order, and they are executed. There will be no mercy. We have a moral right, we have an obligation to the German people to destroy this nation that wanted to destroy us. But we have no right to enrich ourselves, even if we are talking about only one fur coat, one watch, one brand or one cigarette. Finally, we do not want to destroy the bacillus and let it infect itself and die on its own. I will never allow myself to stand aside and watch how even a small wormhole appears and how it begins to grow. Wherever it appears, we will burn it together. However, in general, we can say that, inspired by love for our people, we have coped with this most difficult task. In doing so, we have not done any harm to our inner world, our soul, our character ... "

Realizing the full measure of responsibility in the event of an approaching and more and more inevitable military defeat, the officials got drunk with grief. The Reichsleiters and Gauleiters were stacked like logs in the wagons of the train that was taking them away from Posen. After this incident, Goebbels promised not to allow Gauleiters to drink more than two glasses of cognac a day in the future. And after all, some of the Gauleiters were actually hanged. But only a minority. Erich Koch, Reichskommissar of Ukraine and Gauleiter of East Prussia, and Heinrich Lohse, Reichskommissar of Ostland, which included the Baltic States and Belarus, also escaped the noose. The first received a life sentence, and the second escaped with 10 years in prison.

During the war, especially since 1943, Goebbels' phrase became popular: "The Jews are to blame for everything." They were blamed both for the war as a whole and for the defeats that the Wehrmacht began to endure.

And in his dying political testament, Hitler poured out all his hatred, resorting to outright falsifications: “It is not true that I or anyone else in Germany wanted war in 1939. It was desired and unleashed exclusively by international statesmen, either of Jewish origin or working for Jewish interests. I have made many proposals for the reduction and limitation of armaments, which future generations will not be able to forever deny, in order to blame the outbreak of this war on me. I never wanted another unfortunate world war to arise after the first World War against England or, even more so, against America. Centuries will pass, but from the ruins of our cities and monuments of art a renewed hatred will constantly grow towards the people to whom we owe all this: to international Jewry and its accomplices.

Even a few days before the outbreak of the German-Polish war, I proposed to the British Ambassador in Berlin a solution of the German-Polish problem - as in the case of the Saarland - under international control. This suggestion cannot be denied either. But it was rejected, because the influential circles of British politics wanted war, and partly were driven to it by propaganda organized by international Jewry.

But I also left no doubt on this point, that if the peoples of Europe are regarded as blocks of shares for international financial and industrial conspirators, the people who are the only culprit of this deadly war will be held accountable: the Jews! I also did not leave any ambiguity about the fact that this time the real culprit, albeit by humane means (even in the face of death, the Führer called the complete extermination of the Jews of Europe "humane means"! - B.S.), but will pay for the fact that millions of children of Europeans of the Aryan race will die of starvation, that millions of adult men will find their death, and hundreds of thousands of women and children will burn in our cities or die from bombings. The Fuhrer did not recall the bombing of the Luftwaffe of British, Dutch, French, Polish, Yugoslav, Soviet cities.

True, since 1943, when the successes of the Wehrmacht were replaced by defeats, the “final solution” has undergone some metamorphoses. The Jewish specialists who survived by the middle of 1943 were no longer subjected to mass extermination. They were sent to concentration camps or ghettos, and they got, however small, a chance to survive. True, in the event of an uprising, Jews were exterminated almost completely, as happened, for example, during the suppression of the uprising in the Warsaw ghetto. But in those countries where the "final solution" was just beginning (for example, in Hungary after its occupation by German troops in March 1944), the Jews were exterminated almost completely.

In 1997 Henneke Kardel published a book Adolf Hitler - founder of Israel", it states that the main purpose III The Reich was the creation of the State of Israel. Moreover, in his book Kardelj virtually every Nazi leader and most of the behind-the-scenes figures of that era were declared Jews: Hitler, Eva Brown, Alfred Rosenberg, Goebbels, Himmler, Julius Streicher and even Adolf Eichmann(nicknamed, by the way, in childhood " little jew"), whom the Jews executed in 1961, the body was burned and the ashes were scattered over the sea.

Information about Jewish origin Hitler began to appear back in the 20s, moreover, they came from some members of the NSDAP - opponents and competitors Hitler by party. After coming Hitler to power newspaper" Daily Miror"On October 14, 1933, she published an article with a photograph of the monument on grave No. 9 in the 7th row, 18 section of the Jewish cemetery in Bucharest, on which was inscribed in Jewish letters" Adolf Gitler", the deceased was declared grandfather Hitler, despite the fact that the Hebrew name of the deceased was Abraham Eiliyon(1832-1892). This information was picked up and popularized by the Polish Jewish newspaper " hint"and a Jewish magazine" Forward", published in the USA. Not long before his execution on October 16, 1946, by the verdict of the Nuremberg trial, the former Governor General of Poland Hans Michael Frank, with help Sixtus O'Connor(US Army priest and Franciscan pastor), compiled his notes in which he claimed that the grandmother Hitler Anna Maria Schickelgruber gave birth to a child from someone Frankenberg. Then the Catholic priest Franz Jetzinger in his book with a very interesting title " Hitler's youth FANTASIES, FALSE AND TRUTH", referring to an interview with a nephew Hitler Patrick, printed on August 5, 1939 in the French newspaper " Paris Soir", claimed that uncle Hitler is a Jew from Grazapo surname Frankenreiter. When this newspaper was found, it turned out that in this interview Patrick Hitler did not name names at all Frankenreiter, frankenberg and did not even mention the name Anna Maria Schickelgruber, also there was no reference to Graz or the possibility of a Jewish origin Hitler. By now it can be considered true fact that grandfather Hitler paternal was Johann Nepomuk Hüttler(1807-1888), peasant from Spital.

Any mythologems usually serve to disguise and distort reality, and provide controllability of the masses, because the consciousness is programmed for a certain picture of the world and, therefore, the actions of the masses are predictable. And the attitude of the Nazis towards the Jews and the position of the Jews in Nazi Germany is far from being as unambiguous as it is usually presented. In the government Hitler there really were Jews, for example Erhard Milch(1892-1972), Field Marshal and one of the leaders of the Luftwaffe, awarded the highest award Das Ritterkreuz des Eisenes Kreuzes, or one of the leaders of the SS Obergruppenführer SS Reinhard Heydrich(1904-1942), by the way, who was present at the meeting in Wannsee on January 20, 1942, where the mythical plan was allegedly adopted " final solution to the Jewish question ", suggesting the destruction of 20 million Jews. In fact, at this meeting Goebbels insisted on the expulsion of Jews from Germany, and especially from Berlin, due to food shortages and possible sabotage by the Jews. (I note that by 1945 more than half of the Jews who lived in it in the 30s remained in Berlin). This was vehemently opposed Goering, who was generally disposed towards the Jews (this, however, did not save him from the gallows). Goering wanted to keep all skilled workers, including Jews - Hitler allowed Göring to act as he saw fit, and that was the end of the meeting.

In the Nazi army, according to estimates Brina Rigga there were 2 field marshals and 15 generals - Jews by nationality, under whose command there were about 100 thousand soldiers. Twenty Jewish soldiers who served in the Nazi army were awarded the Knight's Cross (a total of 7361 people were awarded, of which 18 were Romanians, 9 Italians, 2 Spaniards, Finns, Japanese, Slovaks each).

Before World War I there was no serious Jewish problem in Germany at all. Its appearance is mainly due to two reasons:

Jews directed all revolutionary activity in Germany,

- Pilsudski pushed a large number of Jews out of Poland, who mainly settled in Berlin and Hamburg.

Heydrich In 1938 he tried to return these Polish Jews back to Poland, but the Poles did not accept them. Roosevelt refused to let them into the USA, France and the Balkan countries too. It can be stated that the official policy Heydrich was to force the Jews to emigrate to other countries. The Nazis even negotiated with the leaders of the Zionists to solve this problem. A small number of Jews were sent to Palestine, but the British threatened to sink the German ships and had Hitler strong diplomatic pressure. The SS leadership offered to send all the Jews in the camps to Palestine or any other country where they would like to receive them, but the British blocked this plan as well. Lord Moyes, the British High Commissioner in Cairo, generally stated that no one needed such a number of Polish Jews. Later, with the approval Hitler, rabbis Michael Ber Wisemandel and Yoel Brand prepared an evacuation plan for hundreds of thousands of mostly Hungarian Jews, which was thwarted by Zionist leaders and the Jewish Agency.

The connections of German Nazism and Italian Fascism with Zionism are a topic that is usually avoided. But Jabotinsky spoke publicly and very respectfully about the principles of Italian fascism; main promoter of ideas Mussolini in the 1920s, his mistress was Jewish Margherita Sarfatti. Highly interesting topic is also the connection with the Zionism of the American Christian fundamentalists...