Studying historical facts and events that were carefully hushed up and kept secret, we can definitely say that PETER 1 on the throne was replaced by an impostor.

The substitution of the real Peter 1 and his capture took place during his trip to Amsterdam together with the Grand Embassy. I tried, by copying, to collect in this post various sources confirming this tragic fact of Russian history.

A young man of twenty-six is ​​leaving with the embassy, ​​above average height, dense build, physically healthy, having a mole on his left cheek, having wavy hair, well-educated, loving everything Russian, Orthodox (it would be more correct to be a true believer) Christian, who knows the Bible by heart and etc. etc.

Two years later, a person returns, who practically does not speak Russian, hates everything Russian, until the end of his life he never learned to write in Russian, forgetting everything he could before leaving for the Great Embassy and surprisingly acquired new skills and abilities, without a mole on left cheek, with straight hair, sickly, forty-year-old-looking man.

Isn't it true that several unexpected changes occurred with the young man during the two years of absence.

Curiously, the papers of the Grand Embassy do not mention that Mikhailov (under this name the young Peter went with the embassy) fell ill with a fever, but for the ambassadors it was not a secret who, in fact, Mikhailov was.

A man returns from a trip with a chronic fever, with traces of long-term use of mercury preparations, which were then used to treat tropical fever.

For your information, it should be noted that the Great Embassy went by the northern sea route, while tropical fever can be "earned" in the southern waters, and even then, only by visiting the jungle.

In addition, after returning from the Great Embassy, ​​Peter I, during naval battles, demonstrated extensive experience in boarding combat, which has specific features that can only be mastered by experience. Which requires personal participation in many boarding battles.

All this together suggests that the man who returned with the Grand Embassy was an experienced sailor who participated in many naval battles, who sailed a lot in the southern seas.

Before the trip, Peter 1 did not take part in sea battles, if only because during his childhood and youth, Muscovy or Moscow Tartary did not have access to the seas, with the exception of the White Sea, which is simply impossible to call tropical. And Peter 1 did not visit it often, and even then, as an honorary passenger.

During his visit to the Solovetsky Monastery, the boat on which he was miraculously saved during a storm, and he personally makes a memorial cross for the Archangel Cathedral, on the occasion of salvation in the storm.

And if we add to this the fact that, dearly beloved wife (Queen Evdokia), whom he missed, often corresponded when he was away, upon returning from the Great Embassy, ​​without even seeing her, without explaining the reasons, he was sent to the convent ...

The Russian embassy, ​​accompanying the tsar, consisted of 20 people, and was headed by A.D. Menshikov. After returning to Russia, this embassy consisted only of the Dutch (including the notorious Lefort), and Menshikov was the only one of the old structure.

This "embassy" brought a completely different tsar, who spoke poorly in Russian, did not recognize his friends and relatives, which immediately betrayed a substitution: This forced Tsarina Sophia, the sister of the real Tsar Peter I, to raise the archers against the impostor. As you know, the Streltsy revolt was brutally suppressed, Sophia was hanged at the Kremlin's Spassky Gate, the impostor sent the wife of Peter 1 to a monastery, where she never reached, and summoned his from Holland.

“His” brother Ivan V and “his” little children Alexander, Natalia and Lawrence were killed by False Peter at once, although the official story tells us about it in a completely different way. And he executed his youngest son Alexei as soon as he tried to free his real father from the Bastille.

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Peter the impostor made such transformations with Russia that we still haunt us. He began to act like a common conqueror:

- smashed the Russian self-government - "zemstvo" and replaced it with a bureaucratic apparatus of foreigners who brought theft, debauchery and drunkenness to Russia and intensively planted it here;

- transferred the peasants into the ownership of the nobles, which turned them into slaves (to whiten the image of the impostor, this "event" falls on Ivan IV);

- defeated the merchants and began to plant industrialists, which led to the destruction of the former universality of people;

- defeated the clergy - carriers of Russian culture and destroyed Orthodoxy, bringing it closer to Catholicism, which inevitably gave rise to atheism;

- introduced smoking, drinking alcohol and coffee;

- destroyed the Old Russian calendar, rejuvenating our civilization by 5503 years;

- ordered all Russian chronicles to be taken to Petersburg, and then, like Filaret, ordered to burn them. Summoned the German "professors"; write a completely different Russian history;

- under the guise of a struggle with the old faith, he destroyed all the elders who had lived for more than three hundred years;

- banned the cultivation of amaranth and the use of amaranth bread, which was the main food of the Russian people, thereby destroying the longevity on Earth, which then remained in Russia;

- canceled the natural measures: fathom, finger, elbow, vershok, which were present in clothing, utensils and architecture, making them fixed in the Western manner. This led to the destruction of ancient Russian architecture and art, to the disappearance of the beauty of everyday life. As a result, people ceased to be beautiful, since divine and vital proportions have disappeared in their structure;

- replaced the Russian title system with the European one, which turned the peasants into an estate. Although "peasant" is a title higher than the king, as there is more than one evidence;

- destroyed the Russian writing, which consisted of 151 characters, and introduced 43 characters of the writing of Cyril and Methodius;

- disarmed the Russian army, exterminating the archers as a caste with their wonderful abilities and magical weapons, and in the European manner introduced primitive firearms and piercing weapons, disguising the army first in French and then in German uniforms, although the Russian military uniform was itself a weapon. The people called the new shelves "amusing".

But his main crime is the destruction of Russian education (image + sculpture), the essence of which was to create three people subtle bodies that he does not receive from birth, and if they are not formed, then the consciousness will not have a connection with the consciousnesses of past lives. If in Russians educational institutions from a man they made an all-rounder, who could, starting from bast shoes and ending with a spaceship, do everything himself, then Peter introduced a specialization that made him dependent on others.

Before Peter the impostor in Russia they did not know what wine was, he ordered the barrels of wine to be rolled out onto the square and given free water to the townspeople. This was done to knock off memory. past life... During the period of Peter, the persecution of babies who were born, remembering their past lives and able to speak, continued. Their persecution began as early as John IV. The mass extermination of infants with past life memories has cast a curse on all incarnations of such children. It is no coincidence that today, when a talking child is born, he lives no more than two hours.

After all these deeds, the invaders themselves did not dare to call Peter the great for a long time. And only in the 19th century, when Peter's horrors had already been forgotten, a version arose about Peter the innovator, who did so much useful for Russia, even brought potatoes and tomatoes from Europe, allegedly brought there from America. Solanaceous plants (potatoes, tomatoes) were widely represented in Europe and before Peter. Their endemic and very ancient presence on this continent is confirmed by a large species diversity, which took more than one thousand years. On the contrary, it is known that it was during the time of Peter that a campaign was launched against witchcraft, in other words, food culture (today the word "witchcraft" is used in a sharply negative sense). Before Peter there were 108 kinds of nuts, 108 kinds of vegetables, 108 kinds of fruits, 108 kinds of berries, 108 kinds of nodules, 108 kinds of cereals, 108 spices and 108 kinds of fruits *, corresponding to 108 - Russian gods.

After Peter, there were only a few sacred species used for food that a person can see for himself. In Europe, this was done even earlier. Cereals, fruits and root nodules were especially strongly destroyed, since they were associated with the reincarnation of a person.The only thing that Peter the impostor did was allow the cultivation of potatoes (Orthodox Old Believers do not use it for food), sweet potatoes and earthen pears, which are poorly consumed today. The destruction of sacred plants, used at a certain time, led to the loss of complex divine reactions of the body (remember the Russian proverb "every vegetable has its own time"). Moreover, the mixing of food caused putrefactive processes in the body, and now people, instead of fragrant, exude a stench. Adoptogenic plants have almost disappeared, only weakly active ones remained: the "root of life", lemongrass, zamaniha, golden root. They contributed to the adaptation of a person to difficult conditions and kept a person youthful and healthy. There are absolutely no metamorphosing plants that contribute to various metamorphoses of the body and appearance, for about 20 years the "Sacred Circuit" was found in the mountains of Tibet, and even that today has disappeared.

* Today, the word "fruit" is understood as a unifying concept, which includes fruits, nuts, berries, which were previously called simply gifts, while the gifts of herbs and shrubs were called fruits. Examples of fruits include peas, beans (pods), peppers, i.e. a kind of unsweetened fruit of herbs.

The campaign to impoverish our nutrition continues and at the present time, kalega and sorghum have almost disappeared from use, and poppy cultivation is prohibited. From many sacred gifts, only the names remained, which are given to us today as synonyms of famous fruits. For example: groin, kaliva, bukhma, landushka, which are passed off as rutabagas, or armud, quit, pigva, gutei, gun - disappeared gifts that are passed off as quince. Back in the 19th century, Kukish and Dula denoted a pear, although these were completely different gifts, today these words are used to describe the image of a fig (also, by the way, a gift). A fist with an embedded thumb, used to denote the mudra of the heart, today it is used as a negative sign. They stopped growing Dula, fig and fig, because they were sacred plants among the Khazars and Varangians. Already recently, Prosk has been called "millet", barley - barley, and millet and barley grains have disappeared forever from humanity's agriculture.

What happened to the real Peter I? He was captured by the Jesuits and placed in a Swedish fortress. He managed to convey a letter to Charles XII, king of Sweden, and he rescued him from captivity. Together they organized a campaign against the impostor, but the entire Jesuit-Masonic brotherhood of Europe called to fight, together with the Russian troops (whose relatives were taken hostage in case the troops decided to go over to Charles's side), won a victory at Poltava. The real Russian Tsar Peter I was again captured and placed away from Russia - in the Bastille, where he later died. He was wearing an iron mask on his face, which caused a lot of rumors in France and Europe. The Swedish king Charles XII fled to Turkey, from where he tried to organize a campaign against the impostor again.

It would seem, kill the real Peter, and there would be no trouble. But the fact of the matter is, the invaders of the Earth needed a conflict, and without a living king, who was behind bars, they would not have succeeded Russian-Swedish war, nor Russian-Turkish, which in fact were civil wars, which led to the formation of two new states: Turkey and Sweden, and then several more. But the real intrigue was not only in the creation of new states. In the 18th century, all of Russia knew and spoke of the fact that Peter I was not a real tsar, but an impostor. And against this background, the "great Russian historians" who came from the German lands: Miller, Bayer, Schlözer and Kuhn, who completely perverted the history of Russia, no longer had much difficulty in declaring all the Dmitriev tsars to be False Dmitrys and impostors who did not have the right to the throne, and who did not managed to groan, they changed the royal surname to - Rurik.

The genius of Satanism is Roman law, which is the basis of constitutions modern states... It was created contrary to all the ancient canons and ideas about a society based on self-government (self + powers).

For the first time, judicial power was transferred from the hands of the priests to the hands of people without spiritual dignity, i.e. the rule of the best has been replaced by the rule of anyone

Roman law is presented to us as the "crown" of human achievement, in reality it is the peak of disorder and irresponsibility. State laws under Roman law are based on prohibitions and punishments, i.e. on negative emotions, which, as you know, can only destroy. This leads to a general lack of interest in the implementation of laws and to the opposition of officials to the people. Even in the circus, work with animals is based not only on the stick, but also on the carrot, but man on our planet is estimated by the conquerors lower than animals.

In contrast to Roman law, the Russian state was built not on prohibitive laws, but on the conscience of citizens, which establishes a balance between incentives and prohibitions. Let us recall how the Byzantine historian Procopius of Caesarea wrote about the Slavs: "All the laws were in their heads." Relations in ancient society were regulated by the principles of the kon, from where the words “canon” (ancient - konon), “from time immemorial”, “chambers” (ie on the line) came down to us. Guided by the principles of the horse, a person avoided mistakes and could incarnate again in this life. The principle is always above the law, because it contains more possibilities than the law, just as a sentence contains more information than one word. The very word "law" means "beyond the horse." If a society lives according to the principles of a horse, and not according to the laws, it is more vital. Commandments contain more than a con, and therefore surpass it, just as a story contains more than a sentence. The commandments can improve human organization and thinking, which in turn can improve the principles of horse.

As the remarkable Russian thinker I.L. Solonevich, who knew from his own experience the delights of Western democracy, in addition to the long-lived Russian monarchy, based on the people's representation (zemstvo), merchants and clergy (meaning pre-Petrine time), democracy and dictatorship were invented, replacing each other in 20-30 years. However, let us give him the floor: “Professor Wipper is not quite right when he writes that modern humanities are only“ theological scholasticism and nothing else ”; it is something much worse: it is deception. This is a whole collection of deceptive travel signals that beckon us to mass graves famine and executions, typhus and wars, internal ruin and external defeat.

The "science" of Diderot, Rousseau, D'A-Lambert and others has already completed its cycle: there was famine, there was terror, there were wars, and there was an external defeat of France in 1814, in 1871, in 1940. The science of Hegel, Mommsen, Nietzsche and Rosenberg also completed its cycle: there was terror, there were wars, there was famine and there was a defeat in 1918 and 1945. The science of the Chernyshevskys, Lavrovs, Mikhailovskys, Milyukovs and Lenins has not yet passed the whole cycle: there is hunger, there is terror, there have been wars, both internal and external, but the defeat will come: inevitable and inevitable, another price for the verbiage of two hundred years, for the swamp lights , kindled by our rulers of thoughts over the most rotten places of the real historical swamp ”.

The philosophers listed by Solonevich did not always come up with ideas that could destroy society: they were often prompted to them.

V.A. Shemshuk "Return of Paradise to Earth"
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“With other European nations, you can achieve your goal in human-loving ways, but with the Russian - not like that ... I am dealing not with people, but with animals that I want to transform into people” - such a documented phrase of Peter I very clearly conveys his attitude towards the Russian people.

It is hard to believe that these same "animals", in gratitude for this, called him the Great.
Russophobes will immediately try to explain everything by saying that yes, he made people out of animals, and only because of this Russia became Great and the “animals” who became people, with gratitude for this, called him Great.
Or maybe this is the gratitude of the owners of the Romanovs for the excellently fulfilled obligations to destroy precisely the traces of the greatness of the Russian People, which haunted those who wanted to create for themselves Great History, the ruling circles of states, until recently, the former provincial outlying provinces?
And it was this very Greatness of the Russian People that did not allow them to create it?

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One can talk a lot about Peter I and it is interesting. For example, today it is already known that his short but intensive rule actually cost the Russian people more than 20 million lives (read about this article by NV Levashov "Visible and Invisible Genocide"). Perhaps that is why the person who is called Peter I today is now declared “great”?

Anyone interested in this topic can also watch the video:

In fact, the false pretender Peter I is the Roman protege Isaac Andre.
He is buried in St. Isaac's Cathedral, named after him. The tale of Peter
I was invented by the Latin rulers of true Slavic history

There is a rather interesting story that when the writer Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy was working on his novel "Peter the First", he was faced with the rather unusual fact that the greatest of Russian monarchs, the pride of the Romanov family, has nothing to do with either the surname or Russian nationality in general!

This fact greatly excited the writer, and he, taking advantage of his acquaintance with another great dictator, and remembering the fate of other, careless writers, decided to turn to him for advice, especially since the information was in some sense close enough to the leader.

The information was provocative and ambiguous, Alexei Nikolaevich brought a document to Stalin, namely a certain letter, which clearly testified that Peter I by his origin was not Russian at all, as was previously thought, but Georgian!

Remarkably, Stalin was not at all surprised by such an unusual incident. Moreover, after reading the documents, he asked Tolstoy to hide this fact so as not to give him the opportunity to become public, arguing his desire quite simply: "Let's leave them at least one" Russian "that they can be proud of!"

And after recommending that the document, which Tolstoy inherited, be destroyed. The act, it would seem, is strange, if we remember that Joseph Vissarionovich himself was a Georgian by birth. But if you look at it, it is absolutely logical from the point of view of the position of the leader of the peoples, since it is known that Stalin considered himself Russian! How else would he call himself the leader of the Russian people?

The information after this meeting, it would seem, should have been buried forever, but no offense to Alexei Nikolaevich, but he, like any writer, was an extremely sociable person, was told to a narrow circle of acquaintances, and there, according to the principle of a snowball, it was spread like a virus through to all the minds of the intelligentsia of that time.

What was this letter that should have disappeared? Most likely, we are talking about a letter from Daria Archilovna Bagration-Mukhranskaya, the daughter of the king of Imereti Archil II, to her cousin, the daughter of the Mingrelian prince Dadiani.

The letter refers to a certain prophecy she heard from the Georgian queen: “My mother told me about a certain Matveyev, who had a prophetic dream, in which Saint George the Victorious appeared to him and told him: You are elected, inform the Tsar that in Muscovy a "KING OF KINGS" must be born who will make her a great empire. He is supposed to be born from the new Orthodox Tsar of Iveron from the tribe of David as the Mother of God. And the daughter of Kirill Naryshkin, with a pure heart. Having disobeyed this command - to be a great pestilence. The will of God is the will ”.

The prophecy clearly hinted at the urgent need for such an event, but another problem could really serve such a turn of events.

The beginning of the end of the Romanov surname

To understand the reasons for such a written appeal, it is necessary to turn to history and remember that the Muscovite kingdom at that time was a kingdom without a tsar, and the acting tsar, monarch Alexei Mikhailovich, could not cope with the role assigned to him.

In fact, the country was ruled by prince Miloslavsky, mired in palace intrigues, a swindler and adventurer.

CONTEXT

Alexei Mikhailovich was a weak and puny man; he was surrounded by people, mostly churchmen, to whose opinion he listened. One of these was Artamon Sergeevich Matveyev, who, being not a simple man, knew how to put the necessary pressure on the tsar in order to encourage him to do things the tsar was not ready for. In fact, Matveyev guided the tsar with his prompts, being a kind of prototype of "Rasputin" at court.

So in March 1669, after giving birth, the wife of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich - Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya - died.

After that, it was Matveyev who married Alexei Mikhailovich to the Crimean Tatar princess Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina, the daughter of the Crimean Tatar murza Ismail Narysh, who at that time lived in Moscow and for convenience bore the name Cyril, which was quite convenient for the pronunciation of the local nobility.

It remained to resolve the issue with the heir, since the children born of the first wife were as frail as the tsar himself, and hardly posed a threat in Matveyev's opinion.

In other words, as soon as the king was married to Princess Naryshkina, the question arose about the heir, and since at that time the king was seriously ill and physically weak, and his children turned out to be frail, it was decided to find a replacement for him, and it was here that the conspirators fell on the arm of the Georgian prince ...

Who is Peter's father?

In fact, there are two theories, two great Georgian princes from the Bagration clan are spelled out in Peter's fathers, these are:

Archil II (1647-1713) - the king of Imereti (1661-1663, 1678-1679, 1690-1691, 1695-1696, 1698) and Kakheti (1664-1675), poet-lyric poet, the eldest son of the king of Kartli Vakhtang V. One of founders of the Georgian colony in Moscow.

Irakli I (Nazarali-Khan; 1637 or 1642 - 1709) - king of Kartli (1688-1703), king of Kakheti (1703-1709). The son of Tsarevich David (1612-1648) and Elena Diasamidze (d. 1695), grandson of the King of Kartli and Kakheti Teimuraz I.

And in fact, after conducting a small investigation, I have to bow that it was Heraclius who could become the father, because it was Heraclius who was in Moscow at a time suitable for the conception of the tsar, and Archil moved to Moscow only in 1681.

Tsarevich Irakli was known in Russia under a more convenient name for the local people Nikolai and patronymic Davydovich. Heraclius was a close associate of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, and even at the wedding of the tsar and the Tatar princess, he was appointed to the tysyatsky, that is, the main manager of the wedding celebrations.

It is fair to say that the duties of tysyatsky also included becoming the godfather of the married couple. But by the will of fate, the Georgian Tsarevich helped the Tsar of Moscow not only with the choice of a name for the first-born, but also with the conception of it.

At the christening of the future emperor, in 1672, Irakli fulfilled his duty and named the baby Peter, and in 1674 left Russia, taking the throne of the principality of Kakheti, however, to obtain this title he had to convert to Islam.

Second version, dubious

According to the second version, the father of the future autocrat in 1671 was the Imeretian king Archil II, who had been staying at court for several months and fled from the pressure of Persia, who was practically forced to visit the princess's bedroom under pressure, convincing him that, according to divine providence, his participation was necessary in extremely a godly deed, namely, the conception of "the one who was expected."

Perhaps it was the dream of the practically holy man Matveyev that forced the noblest Orthodox Tsar to enter the young princess.

Peter's relationship with Archil can be evidenced by the fact that the official heir to the Georgian monarch, Prince Alexander, became the first general of the Russian army of Georgian origin, served with Peter in amusing regiments and died for the emperor in Swedish captivity.

And the other children of Archil: Matthew, David and sister Daria (Darzhen) received from Peter such preferences as lands in Russia, and were treated kindly to them in every possible way. In particular, the fact is known that Peter went to celebrate his victory in the village of Vsekhsvyatskoye, the area of ​​the present Sokol, to his sister Daria!

Also associated with this period in the life of the country is a wave of mass migration to Moscow of the Georgian elite. As proof of the kinship of the Georgian tsar Archil II and Peter I, they also cite the fact captured in the monarch's letter to the Russian princess Naryshkina, in which he writes: "How is our rascal?"

Although "our rascal" can be said about Tsarevich Nicholas, and about Peter, as a representative of the Bagration family. The second version is also supported by the fact that Peter I was surprisingly similar to the Imeretian king Archil II. Both were truly gigantic for that time in growth, with identical facial features and characters, although the same version can be used as proof of the first, since the Georgian princes were in direct kinship.

Everyone knew and everyone was silent

It seems that everyone knew about the king's relatives at that time. So Princess Sophia wrote to Prince Golitsyn: "You cannot give power to a Basurman!"

Peter's mother, Natalya Naryshkina, was also terribly afraid of what she had done, and repeatedly declared: "He cannot be a king!"

Yes, and the king himself at the moment when the Georgian princess was wooed for him, declared publicly: "I will not marry namesakes!"

Visual similarity, no other evidence needed

This is a must see. Remember from history: not a single Moscow tsar was distinguished by either height or Slavic appearance, but Peter is the most special of them.

According to historical documents, Peter I was quite tall even by current measures, since his height reached two meters, but what is strange - he wore shoes in size 38, and the size of his clothes was 48! But, nevertheless, it was precisely these features that he inherited from his Georgian relatives, since this description exactly matched the Bagration family. Peter was a pure European!

But not even visually, but in character, Peter definitely did not belong to the Romanov family, in all his habits he was a real Caucasian.

Yes, he inherited the unthinkable cruelty of the Moscow tsars, but this feature could have gone to him on the maternal side, since their whole family was more Tatar than Slavic, and it was this trait that gave him the opportunity to turn the fragment of the horde into a European state.

Conclusion

Peter I was not Russian, but was a Russian, because despite his not entirely correct origin, he was nevertheless of royal blood, but did not go back to the Romanov family, much less to the Ruriks.

Perhaps it was not his Horde origin that made him a reformer and real emperor, who turned the county Horde principality of Muscovy into the Russian Empire, even if he had to borrow the history of one of the occupied territories, but we will tell about this in the next story.

There is a rather interesting story that when the writer Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy was working on his novel "Peter the First", he was faced with the rather unusual fact that the greatest of Russian monarchs, the pride of the Romanov family, has nothing to do with either the surname or Russian nationality in general!

This fact greatly excited the writer, and he, taking advantage of his acquaintance with another great dictator, and remembering the fate of other, careless writers, decided to turn to him for advice, especially since the information was in some sense close enough to the leader.

The information was provocative and ambiguous, Alexei Nikolaevich brought a document to Stalin, namely a certain letter, which clearly testified that Peter I by his origin was not Russian at all, as was previously thought, but Georgian!

Remarkably, Stalin was not at all surprised by such an unusual incident. Moreover, after reading the documents, he asked Tolstoy to hide this fact so as not to give him the opportunity to become public, arguing his desire quite simply: "Let's leave them at least one" Russian "that they can be proud of!"

And after recommending that the document, which Tolstoy inherited, be destroyed. The act, it would seem, is strange, if we remember that Joseph Vissarionovich himself was a Georgian by birth. But if you look at it, it is absolutely logical from the point of view of the position of the leader of the peoples, since it is known that Stalin considered himself Russian! How else would he call himself the leader of the Russian people?

The information after this meeting, it would seem, should have been buried forever, but no offense to Alexei Nikolaevich, but he, like any writer, was an extremely sociable person, was told to a narrow circle of acquaintances, and there, according to the principle of a snowball, it was spread like a virus through to all the minds of the intelligentsia of that time.

What was this letter that should have disappeared? Most likely, we are talking about a letter from Daria Archilovna Bagration-Mukhranskaya, the daughter of the king of Imereti Archil II, to her cousin, the daughter of the Mingrelian prince Dadiani.

The letter refers to a certain prophecy she heard from the Georgian queen: “My mother told me about a certain Matveyev, who had a prophetic dream, in which Saint George the Victorious appeared to him and told him: You are elected, inform the Tsar that in Muscovy a "KING OF KINGS" must be born who will make her a great empire. He is supposed to be born from the new Orthodox Tsar of Iveron from the tribe of David as the Mother of God. And the daughter of Kirill Naryshkin, with a pure heart. Having disobeyed this command - to be a great pestilence. The will of God is the will ”.

The prophecy clearly hinted at the urgent need for such an event, but another problem could really serve such a turn of events.

The beginning of the end of the Romanov surname

To understand the reasons for such a written appeal, it is necessary to turn to history and remember that the Muscovite kingdom at that time was a kingdom without a tsar, and the acting tsar, monarch Alexei Mikhailovich, could not cope with the role assigned to him.

In fact, the country was ruled by prince Miloslavsky, mired in palace intrigues, a swindler and adventurer.

Context

As Peter the First bequeathed

How Peter I ruled

Ivan Mazepa and Peter I: towards the restoration of knowledge about the Ukrainian hetman and his entourage

Vladimir Putin is a good tsar

Matveyev's plan was simple: it was necessary to help the tsar get rid of his kinship with the Miloslavskys and to elevate "his" heir to the throne ...

So in March 1669, after giving birth, the wife of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich - Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya - died.

After that, it was Matveyev who married Alexei Mikhailovich to the Crimean Tatar princess Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina, the daughter of the Crimean Tatar murza Ismail Narysh, who at that time lived in Moscow and for convenience bore the name Cyril, which was quite convenient for the pronunciation of the local nobility.

It remained to resolve the issue with the heir, since the children born of the first wife were as frail as the tsar himself, and hardly posed a threat in Matveyev's opinion.

In other words, as soon as the king was married to Princess Naryshkina, the question arose about the heir, and since at that time the king was seriously ill and physically weak, and his children turned out to be frail, it was decided to find a replacement for him, and it was here that the conspirators fell on the arm of the Georgian prince ...

Who is Peter's father?

In fact, there are two theories, two great Georgian princes from the Bagration clan are spelled out in Peter's fathers, these are:

Archil II (1647-1713) - the king of Imereti (1661-1663, 1678-1679, 1690-1691, 1695-1696, 1698) and Kakheti (1664-1675), poet-lyric poet, the eldest son of the king of Kartli Vakhtang V. One of founders of the Georgian colony in Moscow.

Irakli I (Nazarali-Khan; 1637 or 1642 - 1709) - king of Kartli (1688-1703), king of Kakheti (1703-1709). The son of Tsarevich David (1612-1648) and Elena Diasamidze (d. 1695), grandson of the King of Kartli and Kakheti Teimuraz I.

And in fact, after conducting a small investigation, I have to bow that it was Heraclius who could become the father, because it was Heraclius who was in Moscow at a time suitable for the conception of the tsar, and Archil moved to Moscow only in 1681.

Tsarevich Irakli was known in Russia under a more convenient name for the local people Nikolai and patronymic Davydovich. Heraclius was a close associate of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, and even at the wedding of the tsar and the Tatar princess, he was appointed to the tysyatsky, that is, the main manager of the wedding celebrations.

It is fair to say that the duties of tysyatsky also included becoming the godfather of the married couple. But by the will of fate, the Georgian Tsarevich helped the Tsar of Moscow not only with the choice of a name for the first-born, but also with the conception of it.

At the christening of the future emperor, in 1672, Irakli fulfilled his duty and named the baby Peter, and in 1674 left Russia, taking the throne of the principality of Kakheti, however, to obtain this title he had to convert to Islam.

Second version, dubious

According to the second version, the father of the future autocrat in 1671 was the Imeretian king Archil II, who had been staying at court for several months and fled from the pressure of Persia, who was practically forced to visit the princess's bedroom under pressure, convincing him that, according to divine providence, his participation was necessary in extremely a godly deed, namely, the conception of "the one who was expected."

Perhaps it was the dream of the practically holy man Matveyev that forced the noblest Orthodox Tsar to enter the young princess.

Peter's relationship with Archil can be evidenced by the fact that the official heir to the Georgian monarch, Prince Alexander, became the first general of the Russian army of Georgian origin, served with Peter in amusing regiments and died for the emperor in Swedish captivity.

And the other children of Archil: Matthew, David and sister Daria (Darzhen) received from Peter such preferences as lands in Russia, and were treated kindly to them in every possible way. In particular, the fact is known that Peter went to celebrate his victory in the village of Vsekhsvyatskoye, the area of ​​the present Sokol, to his sister Daria!

Also associated with this period in the life of the country is a wave of mass migration to Moscow of the Georgian elite. As proof of the kinship of the Georgian tsar Archil II and Peter I, they also cite the fact captured in the monarch's letter to the Russian princess Naryshkina, in which he writes: "How is our rascal?"

Although "our rascal" can be said about Tsarevich Nicholas, and about Peter, as a representative of the Bagration family. The second version is also supported by the fact that Peter I was surprisingly similar to the Imeretian king Archil II. Both were truly gigantic for that time in growth, with identical facial features and characters, although the same version can be used as proof of the first, since the Georgian princes were in direct kinship.

Everyone knew and everyone was silent

It seems that everyone knew about the king's relatives at that time. So Princess Sophia wrote to Prince Golitsyn: "You cannot give power to a Basurman!"

Peter's mother, Natalya Naryshkina, was also terribly afraid of what she had done, and repeatedly declared: "He cannot be a king!"

Yes, and the king himself at the moment when the Georgian princess was wooed for him, declared publicly: "I will not marry namesakes!"

Visual similarity, no other evidence needed

This is a must see. Remember from history: not a single Moscow tsar was distinguished by either height or Slavic appearance, but Peter is the most special of them.

According to historical documents, Peter I was quite tall even by current measures, since his height reached two meters, but what is strange - he wore shoes in size 38, and the size of his clothes was 48! But, nevertheless, it was precisely these features that he inherited from his Georgian relatives, since this description exactly matched the Bagration family. Peter was a pure European!

But not even visually, but in character, Peter definitely did not belong to the Romanov family, in all his habits he was a real Caucasian.

Yes, he inherited the unthinkable cruelty of the Moscow tsars, but this feature could have gone to him on the maternal side, since their whole family was more Tatar than Slavic, and it was this trait that gave him the opportunity to turn the fragment of the horde into a European state.

Conclusion

Peter I was not Russian, but was a Russian, because despite his not entirely correct origin, he was nevertheless of royal blood, but did not go back to the Romanov family, much less to the Ruriks.

Perhaps it was not his Horde origin that made him a reformer and real emperor, who turned the county Horde principality of Muscovy into the Russian Empire, even if he had to borrow the history of one of the occupied territories, but we will tell about this in the next story.

From the very beginning of his reign, Peter gave preference to foreigners, for example, in his first campaign against Azov, he put his drinking companions, the booters Lefort and Gordon, at the head of the Russian army.

And when he returned from Europe with the embassy, ​​he took with him 800 foreigners, many of whom were not valuable specialists, but simply “natural” managers and adventurers, such as the Dutch Jew Acosta, who played the jester under Peter, the Portuguese Jew Divier or the Polish Jew Shafirov. Peter the Great publicly stated:

“It makes no difference to me whether a person is baptized or circumcised, so that he only knows his business and is distinguished by decency.”

However, he made one exception: after visiting Holland, where there were many Jews, Peter became wary of them, because the historian Solovyov argued that Peter the First loved all nations except the Jews. Which confirms the statement of Peter himself in 1702:

“I want ... to see in myself better the peoples of the Mohammedan and pagan faith than the Jews. They are rogues and deceivers. I root out evil, not disintegrate; There will be no home for them in Russia, no trade, no matter how hard they try, and no matter how they bribe those close to me. "

However, Peter appointed Divier (Devier) the first police chief of Petersburg, governor and bestowed the title of count, and Shafirov - vice-chancellor and the title of baron, although then in 1723 he sentenced him to death penalty replaced by a link; however, then, Divier also fell into exile, but that was after the death of Peter.

“Peter, who was trying to push back the ancient clan Russian families from the tsar's throne, brought Divier closer to him. Peter forced Menshikov to marry his sister to Divier. Leaving St. Petersburg, Catherine entrusted her daughter Natalya and the children of the executed Tsarevich Alexei, Peter and Natalya, to no one else but ... Divier, ”B. Bashilov noted in his research.

In total, about 8 thousand foreigners arrived in Russia under Peter. It seems that this number is not large, but given that the foreigners did not go to plow the arable land, but go upstairs - to manage, it turned out a lot. It's like today - like there are not many citizens of Jewish nationality, only 300 thousand, but we see above: in the oligarchs, journalists and ministers, almost only Jews.

Peter, without any common sense, fanatically worshiped everything Western, European - he forced his associates to smoke, drink, participate in collective revelry; welcomed the fashionable already in Europe Freemasonry - as the highest degree European education, - February 10, 1699 Sheremetyev appeared at the ball at Lefort in a German dress and with a bright Maltese cross and other Masonic paraphernalia and received from Peter "a great favor." What are Freemasons, Peter already knew from his European voyage. In addition, his favorite Lefort was the “Master of the Chair”, and the “first overseer” was the same favorite - Gordon. The famous Vernadsky, who studied not only the Noosphere, in his master's thesis in 1916, argued that Peter himself was accepted in Holland into the Knights Templar, “in the Scottish degree of St. Andrew ". Most likely, Peter was not a convinced Freemason, more “for brilliance and prestige,” although, judging by his attitude towards the people, he would have been no less talented Freemason than those who wielded the guillotine in France.

Peter decided to carry out radical reforms in Russia. What was the need for this?

After the death of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in 1676, his son Fyodor Alekseevich became the next Tsar of Russia, who ruled until his death in 1682, and who, in a short period of his reign, managed to carry out important effective reforms in the army, administration and taxation, powers of the Boyar Duma and the Patriarch. Above, we watched the reforms of Sophia. Before Peter the Great, as we saw earlier, Russia developed quite successfully and steadily - numerous wars were successfully waged, land was acquired not only in Siberia and Far East, but also in the European part, culture and printing successfully developed.

“It is not true that only Peter began to introduce the Russian people to culture. The assimilation of Western culture began long before Peter. Western scholarly architects worked in Russia long before Peter the Great, and Boris Godunov began sending Russian youths abroad. But the assimilation of Western European culture proceeded naturally - in a normal way, without extremes ... - asserted in his research our compatriot from Argentina Boris Bashilov. Under Alexei Mikhailovich (the father of Peter the Great), the first theater and the first newspaper already existed. "Cathedral Code" was published unprecedented for Western Europe circulation - two thousand copies. The "Steppe Book" was published - a systematic history of the Moscow state, "The Royal Book" - an eleven-volume illustrated history of the world, "ABC" - a kind of encyclopedic Dictionary, “Ruler” - Elder Erasmus-Ermolai, “Domostroy” Sylvester ... In the Moscow archive of the Ministry of Justice before February revolution there were hundreds of various kinds of works written in the 17th century ”.

A. Burovsky noted in his research:

"But it is worth digressing from school textbooks and analyzing the original historical sources - and we will find that in the pre-Petrine Russia of the 17th century there was already everything that is attributed to Peter: from potatoes and tobacco to an excellent fleet and a completely modern army for that time."

For some reason, Peter is credited with the creation of a regular Russian army, but this is not true, a lie - a regular army in Russia was created before the reign of Peter the Great in 1681.

Before Peter the Great, Russia had three problems: enslavement of the peasants, as a result of which Russia was periodically shaken by powerful popular uprisings; (2) Alexey Romanov ascended too much and made a big dangerous gap between the people and the tsar, for this reason popular uprisings could greatly weaken Russia; (3) for the development of Russia, access to the seas was needed: the Baltic and the Black, and, accordingly, a military and merchant fleet.

Peter the Great began his reforms, passionately wishing to imitate the West, conceived not only to envy the Europeans to build a new capital “Northern Paradise” in the swamps, but to dress the whole people in European clothes, to change all strata of society. Before Peter, they were fond of Western European culture in moderation - Godunov built Kokuy for foreign merchants and sent children to study in European countries, Alexey Romanov taught his children foreign languages, Golitsyn knew Polish and dressed in Polish clothes, Sofia introduced teaching foreign languages.

In 1698, Peter issued a decree to change the national dress to European. The forcible imposition of Western culture took on forms unprecedented in the history of mankind - special military services cut beards and long hemlines of clothes right on the streets. The people began to actively resist. And so that the people could not resist, Peter issued a decree prohibiting the wearing of sharp-pointed knives. In 1700, Peter repeated the decree - all residents of Moscow were ordered to change all their clothes for European ones within two days, and merchants were promised hard labor, lashing with a whip and confiscation of property for trading in Russian clothes.

Special armed detachments - guardians of Western fashion grabbed passers-by, knelt down and cut off the hem of their clothes at ground level. The requirement for men's clothing - to narrow the waist - was perceived by Russian men and boyars as something very shameful. The beards of the men were shaved violently and in the most brutal manner. It was possible to buy off shaving - merchants paid 100 rubles for the right to wear a beard, boyars - 60, other townspeople - 30. That was a lot of money at that time. An exception was made for priests - they were allowed to wear beards.

In Astrakhan, Peter's subordinates ordered the soldiers to pull out their beards by the roots, which was the reason for the uprising of the Astrakhan people in 1705. In a petition to the king, they complained:

“We have become for the Christian faith ... In Kazan and in other cities, the Germans were sent two or three men to the courtyards and to the local residents, and to their wives, and to children, they reprimand and curse.”

“And the colonels and early people, the Germans, swearing at Christianity, repaired many of their burdens innocently, beat them in services, made meat to eat on fast days and repaired any curses to their wives and children,”

“They beat them on the cheeks and with sticks”, and Colonel Devin “beat the petitioners and mutilated them to death” (S. Platonov, “Lectures”).

It seems that Peter specially widely used the appointment of foreigners to high positions - the guides of his "Western" domestic policy, for their own could have pity on their own. Peter, with his "perestroika" in the Western manner, brought the people to a stupor and a nervous breakdown, the people fled not only to the Cossacks, but also to Turkey, realizing that nothing good awaited them there.

The famous historian Kostomarov, trying to somehow find an excuse for Peter, put forward the assumption that Peter did not love the real Russian people, but that ideal of the Russian people (template) invented by him, which he wanted to create on the European model. To this we can add - and therefore the real Russian people cut to the European pattern like a butcher who imagines himself a tailor-cutter.

Despite such a frivolous attitude towards the status of the church, Peter with incomprehensible cruelty persecuted the Old Believers who had hidden in the forests for a long time. Old Believers protested in their own way: 2,700 Old Believers burnt themselves in the Paleostrovsky skete, 1920 people - in the Pudozh churchyard.

It seems that while fighting with national dress, national rituals, Old Believers, Peter was fighting with everything national, with the primordially Russian, authentic, with the Russian soul. There is no other way to explain why Peter organized the collection of ancient chronicles from all corners of Russia and monasteries and destroyed them, like the entire Kazan archive. When the year 7208 passed in Russia not “from the creation of the world”, as they usually write, because it is clear that the “world” in any sense was created much earlier, but from the end of the “Great War” of our ancestors with the Chinese civilization, Peter decided to change the Old Russian a calendar that even the baptist Vladimir did not dare to change and later Christian church... And on December 19, 7208, he introduced by his decree the European calendar - the year 1699. Peter also introduced New Year in the European way - from January 1, and before that it was from September 1, with the beginning of the wilting of Nature. By the way, our ancestors were still reckoning and from a more distant period - from the offensive Ice age, “Great cold”, according to which, for example, 2008 is 13016.

Thus, Peter the Great circumcised more than five and a half thousand years of Russian history.

“The Russian educated classes, after and thanks to Peter's reforms, culturally found themselves in a peculiar position, as it were,“ not remembering kinship, ”Prince Svyatopolk-Mirsky recorded the reality in his book.

“The Peter's reform erased ancestral memories like a sea sponge. It seems that together with European clothes, the Russian nobleman was born for the first time. Forgotten centuries ... ”, - wrote Klyuchevsky.

Peter the Great not only changed the calendar, but also celebrated the New Year in an original way. He celebrated the new year 1700 with exuberant merriment in the company of the "All-Minded and Most Drunken Cathedral" for two weeks. Residents of Moscow were in fear and horror, they had no time for New Year's fun, or rather, now the New Year's celebration performed by Peter and his company looked like this - a company of 100-200 people broke into the houses of residents, ate and drank everything and demanded more, then she cheerfully looked for hidden supplies, again ate and drank everything, often cheerfully and jokingly raped his wife and daughters. During this binge, according to R.K. Massy - Peter behaved "like an unbridled youth", this is a mild form of saying "unbridled stallion".

“The inability to hold on, the desire to take possession of literally every woman who could only please him, led to a natural result: more than 100 bastards of Peter are known. Tellingly, he never helped them, explaining it very simply - they say, if they are worthy, they will break through themselves, ”noted A. Burovsky.

Then the whole festive campaign of Peter's moral monsters grabbed the things and jewels they liked, calling them Christmas gifts, the found money, and noisily moved on, frightening passers-by with daring and choosing the next house-victim for a “joke” stay.

Peter's satanic attitude was not only toward to native people, but, accordingly, and to the native Nature, as, for example, above, we observe the barbaric felling of oak groves in the Voronezh province. The historian Klyuchevsky also noted this fact: “a valuable cudgel for the Baltic Fleet - another log was valued at a hundred rubles of that time, it lay in whole mountains on the shores and islands of Lake Ladoga…”. Peter's scale of construction was enormous, and the scale of mismanagement was of the same size. Then Peter rushed to the other extreme and made the "extreme people" - on pain of death, defiantly placing vilts at the edge of the forests, forbade the peasants to cut down the forests for their needs. Now the peasants could not build a house, a shed, or a stove without special permission and bribes.

An admirer of Peter, an incorrigible Westerner A. Herzen, wrote about Peter the Great: “... he carried the denationalization much further than this modern government in Poland does ... - and this for at least six generations - the command of Peter the Great: stop being Russian and you will render a great service to humanity ”(Herzen's article“ The New Phase of Russian Culture ”).

This terrible direction of blow of the cosmopolitan Peter the Great was explained by the famous Karamzin:

“By rooting out ancient habits, presenting them as funny, stupid, praising and introducing foreign ones, the Sovereign of Russia humiliated the Russians in their own hearts”, “Peter did not want to delve into the truth that the people's spirit constitutes the moral power of the state, like the physical power, necessary for their strength” ...

The bloody despot and the monster had an interesting relationship with their loved ones. We saw earlier - for the sake of peace of mind of his mistress Anna Mons and his tonsure as a nun, Peter exiled his lawful wife and queen to a distant monastery. And "Kokuisku queen" was bombarded with gifts and established a state salary. Peter was delighted with his mistress and in January 1703 presented “Monsikha” with the Dudin volost in the Kozelsk district - 295 households, and began to tell those around him that he would soon make her the rightful queen, marry her. But a month later, Peter made the most unpleasant, terrible discovery for himself ...

Having recovered a little from the Narva defeat, Peter, discovering that the Swedish king Charles the Twelfth was stuck with his army in battles deep in Poland, at the end of 1701 sent B.P. Sheremetyev (1652-1719). Unexpectedly for Peter, Sheremetyev successfully walked through Livonia: he defeated the protective Swedish detachments, took several cities without a fight, robbed them, then burned them and returned with rich captured loot: valuables, cattle, horses, many prisoners, mostly civilians. And inspired Peter became frequent with military campaigns in the Baltic lands. In 1702, Russian troops laid siege to the important strategic fortress Noteburg, located at the source of the Neva from Lake Ladoga. In February 1703, Peter arrived to personally lead the assault. The assault was a success - Peter gave the captured Noteburg another foreign name - Shlisselburg, which translates as "key-city", it seems that Peter did not have the idea of ​​building Petersburg yet, and he considered Shlisselburg as a supporting fortress - the key to the Baltic. During the magnificent celebrations in the fortress on the occasion of the victory, Peter got letters from the Saxon envoy Königsek who participated in this campaign.

The letters turned out to be from Anna Mons, the beloved “Monsicha”, who, as it turned out, in Peter's absence did not waste time, did not get bored - for a long time she had been Konigsek's mistress, that is, she had been instructing Peter, the king, “horns” for a long time. The state of a normal man, deceived, with wounded pride, is understandable, but one can only guess about Peter's state at that moment ... Moreover, in her letters “Kokuiskaya Tsarina” spoke of Peter, to put it mildly, impartially, complaining about his barbaric manners. At the same time “Monsiha” sent letters “with hearts” to Peter ...

Despite the Kokui upbringing of Anna Lefort, the long-standing "love" prestigious relationship between her and the king, despite numerous expensive gifts from Peter, Anna Mons did not want to associate her life with the monster; she did not want to endure his drunkenness, licentiousness, depravity, orgies, abnormality, she wanted to marry a normal cultured person.

In addition, it was unpleasant for her when Peter casually tumbled into the bedroom of her best friend Elena Fademrekh. There are several versions: according to one - the letters from "Monsihi" came to Peter by accident, according to the other - the "kind" courier slipped them "by mistake", according to the third - during the victorious feast, Koenigsek in a strange way accidentally drowned and ominous letters were found in his things. Most likely, one of the first versions is correct, and, knowing the character of Peter, we can say that upon discovering treason, Peter in a rage ordered to drown a competitor, and he himself watched with pleasure.

Judging by the subsequent actions, Peter, it seems, greatly loved Ankhen, for he did not tonsure her as a nun, imprison her in a monastery and chop off her head, as he did with Maria Hamilton in a similar situation, although close relations with Maria were for several months, but only limited her freedom by house arrest, and then watched for a long time and took revenge, crap.

The embittered Peter stopped communicating with Anna. But when in 1706 Anna Mons wanted to marry the Prussian envoy to Russia, Baron Johann von Keyserling, the jealous and vengeful Peter, in order to prevent marriage, accused Anna of fortune-telling. The investigation into this case lasted a whole year, during which 30 people from Anna's entourage were arrested and severely tortured. Only through the stubborn efforts of the diplomat-groom in 1707, the investigation was terminated, but Peter took away almost everything donated and confiscated.

Probably, Keyserling loved Anna very much, for several years he sought permission to marry Anna and, finally, after receiving it from Peter, he married her in June 1711. And it seemed like a happy ending - for Anna, for both, but it wasn’t there - as soon as Baron Keyserling left the house after the “honey period”, he died under mysterious circumstances. Most likely, Peter was still trying to brutally take revenge on Anna; It has long been noticed that people with a satanic mentality have no nobility at all. Anna died of consumption in 1714. Peter all this time was not alone and was quite happy with another beloved woman; this story is more tragic for Peter.

During a campaign in Livonia, Sheremetyev's troops captured the city of Marienburg, where Marta Skavronskaya, born in 1684, worked as a cook and washerwoman in the family of Pastor Gluck. According to one version, her parents died of the plague, and her uncle, the Swedish quartermaster, Johann Rabe, gave the orphan to the house of pastor Gluck. The pastor baptized her and raised her. But when Marta gave birth to a child, the pastor hastened to marry her to the Swedish soldier Johann Kruse.

And two months after their wedding, Russian troops, or rather Russian, entered Marienburg, for after the Narva defeat Sheremetyev had multinational troops.

“Sheremetyev crossed over the Narova, went to visit Estonia in the same way as he was visiting last year in Liflands. The guests were the same: Cossacks, Kalmyks, Tatars, Bashkirs, and they stayed as before ... Sheremetyev entered Veshenberg without hindrance, the city of Rakov (Rakvere), famous in ancient Russian history, and heaps of ash remained in place beautiful city... The same fate befell Weissenstein, Fellin, Aubert-Pallen, Ruin; the devastation of Livonia was completed, ”wrote R. Massey about two campaigns in the Baltic States in 1701 and 1702.

Marta Skavronska, judging by her surname, was a Polish woman, because the root of the surname is translated only into Polish - “skavronek” is a lark, and in the Polish way the popular surname sounds like Skavronska. But Martha is a popular name among the Germans and Swedes, and the Poles are Swedish and German names did not take. It seems that Martha's nationality reveals the Old Testament name of her father - Samuel, and the wise Jew adjusted to the historical situation - when Poland was before Riga, the surname was Polish, and with the arrival of the Swedes, the children had Swedish names. And the surname of the quartermaster's uncle Rabe - the Germans and Swedes have the same name as in Ukraine or Russia - Rabinovich. I.N.Shornikova and V.P.Shornikov in their research argue that Rabe was Martha's husband, but there is more information that Kruse was after all.

Marta Skavronskaya turned out to be the prey of the Cossacks and Bashkirs of Sheremetyev, then Colonel Bauer noticed the 18-year-old brunette and took her to the officer's tents, then Sheremetyev noticed Martha and took her to his headquarters. The trophy beauty was so good and affectionate that Sheremetyev brought her with him to Moscow, where Menshikov noticed her, and Sheremetyev did not contradict and be greedy, and while drinking in Menshikov's house on March 1, 1704, the owner boasted of his acquisition to Peter the Great. The Russian tsar became interested and checked whether her beloved friend had lied ... The young trophy laundress did not know how, she had no education, Pastor Gluck did not teach her to read and write, but during her adventures in captivity she learned to please men well, to be affectionate and cheerful, perhaps God only gave her this talent. But this is what Peter the Great appreciated most of all, and this is what he called love. “Two boots of a pair” came together. Martha moved in with Peter.

Peter began to quickly heal mental wounds after Ankhen. The people around noticed that Martha was not afraid of Peter in fits of anger, and only she was able to boldly and tenderly calm him down in this state, to remove nervous tension... Peter also liked Martha's cheerful moral position - she watched his many hobbies, was not jealous, did not scandal, but only joked and laughed at his frequent romantic adventures. And sometimes there was something to laugh at, - once once again “having got” the wife of some officer Praskovya, Peter caught syphilis or some other unpleasant venereal disease from her - a disease, and the terribly evil ordered her husband to flog his wife - “unfit Froska ”(A. B.).

In connection with this story and the story of Martha, one can recall the statement of the wife of the famous philosopher Pythagoras, who is very respected in Greece for the wisdom of Fiano. When she was asked: "On what day is a woman purified after a man?"

Peter was comfortable with Marta, after another “Victoria” over someone’s wife he complimented her: “nothing can compare with you”. So they began to live happily. Peter the Great conspired with the washerwoman Marta Samuilovna in the Russian way - he called her Catherine. On pain of death, others were forbidden to mention the origin of Catherine and her real name. Martha-Catherine showed very good health - she easily bore him children, there were 11. Of them, she gave birth to two daughters before their wedding, that is, they were illegitimate.

In 1708, Martha was baptized for the third time, she converted to Orthodoxy, her godfather when she was baptized was Peter's son Alexei, after which Martha was called Yekaterina Alekseevna.

And it turned out to be an unpleasant incident - Peter married his spiritual granddaughter.

When, after the victory over the Swedes near Poltava in 1709, Peter in 1711 went to the Prut campaign against Turkey, Catherine accompanied him on the campaign, and even commanded the soldiers, and when Peter was threatened with captivity on the bank of the Prut and the Swedish king was already threatening to lead his prisoner on a rope, then Catherine took part in the most difficult negotiations with the Turks. The Turks did not bring the matter to capture. And Peter returned to Russia safe and sound and still managed to grab the daughter of the Valamian (Moldavian) prince Cantemir, who was taken prisoner in the campaign, the famous poet, whom Peter raped and decided to take her to Russia, and imprisoned her in reserve in the village of Black Gryaz, then renamed to Tsarskoe Selo, but after that he “forgot” about the Moldavian beauty according to the principle “neither to herself - and to anyone,” and she died in captivity. Again, one can emphasize the cynical "mismanagement" characteristic of Peter - in Prut campaign 27,285 people died, of which only 4,800 died in battles with Turkish troops, the remaining 22,000 died because of Peter the Great - as a result of the disgusting organization of the military campaign: from hunger, cold and disease.

After the tragic Prut campaign, Peter in 1712 married Catherine, and Catherine became officially two-married.

“Since 1702, all mention of Johann Kruse has disappeared. Disappears, however, only from Russian sources. The Swedes know very well what happened to the legal husband of the Russian empress. Johann Kruse served the Swedish king for many more years, and in his old age in the garrisons on the Aland Islands ... Johan did not start a family either and explained to the pastor that he already had a wife and he would not take sin on his soul ... He outlived his lawful wife, Martha- Catherine, but not much, having died in 1733. All of the above explains very well why in tsarist times it was believed that Johann Kruse disappeared without a trace ...

Martha-Ekaterina was the legal wife of Johann Kruse. She remained her even when Peter officially married her in 1712. She just became a double woman and, moreover, in the event of a trial, she was to become the wife of Johann, as the tsar who married her 10 years earlier, ”noted A. Burovsky in his research.

Now Marta-Catherine became the legitimate wife of the tsar, that is, the Russian queen, and her children could lay claim to the Russian throne. From that time on, Marta began to be jealous of Peter's eldest son by Evdokia Lopukhina - Alexei, and his family.

A year earlier, Peter forcibly married Alexei on October 11, 1711 to a relative of the wife of Emperor Charles the Sixth, Sophia Charlotte-Christine of Braunschweig-Wolfuebüttel, for Peter the Great was building some intricate strategic plans. Charlotte came to Russia with her friends and stayed away from the Russians, constantly demanding money from Alexei, it was difficult to talk about love in this family.

1715 turned out to be a turning point in Alexei's relationship with his father, Peter. Since 1710, Peter the Great became permanently ill - all the accumulated diseases from a riotous life, and especially syphilis, strongly developed in him. Peter became even more irritable and ferocious. Already in 1711, illnesses worried him greatly, and at the beginning of the Prut campaign, he was forced to urgently leave for treatment in Carlsbad on the water. After the wedding with Catherine, Peter rushed about in search of effective treatment and saving lives - in 1712 he went to Russian Pomerania for treatment, then again to Karlsbad, then to Czech Teplice. But there were only temporary improvements, and in general situation worsened.

In 1715, Peter's health completely deteriorated, Peter became so ill that he had already confessed and received Communion, that is, he thought that he might die. And the question of the successor to the government came up “squarely”. And in this situation, all the accumulated discontent of Peter with his son Alexei sharply escalated.

Alexei greatly annoyed Peter with his dissimilarity, he was a balanced, educated person, knew many foreign languages, was not fond of war games, was normal, did not drink in such quantities and in such companies, did not organize "all-drunken cathedrals" and orgies, he did not have greedy authority and cruelty, etc. - he was a stranger to Peter in spirit, there was not that native Satanism in him. And Peter had no choice - there were no other sons, although Peter understood that, to put it mildly, Alexei was not delighted that Peter had never removed his mother from the throne and even imprisoned the innocent woman in a monastery. In 1709, Peter even sent Alexei to Dresden to study at a fortification school, hoping to captivate him with military affairs, seeing that Alexei, undoubtedly, smart man... But Alexei did not become different, he remained himself.

The second queen Marta-Catherine could not give birth to Peter's son - heir, she bore him two daughters before marriage and after diligently gave birth to Peter's children every year, but everything turned out to be girls. Catherine jealously and anxiously looked towards Alexei's family - there would not be another heir born there. In 1714, a daughter was born to Alexei's family, but the next year, in 1715, a son, Peter, the future emperor Peter Petrovich, was born. The dynasty continued: Peter the First - Alexey Petrovich - Peter Alexeevich. But fate once again smiled slyly - in 1715 Martha-Catherine finally gave birth to a son and named, of course, Peter. Now a washerwoman from Livonia with a Polish surname, a Swedish name and Jewish roots could compete for the establishment of her dynasty in Russia. A fierce unequal struggle began.

The tone of the attitude of Peter the Great to his eldest son changes dramatically, Peter in 1715 sends a letter to Alexei, although both are in St. Petersburg, nearby:

“For the sake of staying like that, if you think of being, neither fish nor meat, it is impossible, but either change your disposition or unfeignedly honor yourself as an heir, or be a monk.”

It was indecent blackmail, intimidation, but the main thing was the demand for the impossible, and Peter understood this perfectly, but he hated his own son, who was alien to him, and his beloved Marta actively pushed him to this, urged him on. From that moment, Peter began to spread rot, persecute his son Alexei. Peter once again demonstrated the absence of any nobility and all his dark baseness.

Alexey simply physically could not change his personality, and he did not want to go to a monk at all - he had a family: a young beautiful wife imposed by his father and two children. And Alexei in 1715 renounced the throne. But Alexei's troubles were not over. At the beginning of 1716, Alexei's wife, Charlotte-Christina, died. By the beginning of 1716, Peter got a little better and went to Permont for treatment, and in 1717 he went to the water in Amsterdam. During all these trips to Europe, he tried to combine useful with useful: he was treated and conducted active diplomatic negotiations with European leaders in order to put together a bloc against Sweden and Turkey, but no one except Poland wanted to contact him.

But throughout this voyage and treatment, Peter sent Alexei numerous letters with threats - trying to force him to go to a monastery, to take monastic vows, despite the fact that Alexei renounced the throne in favor of Martha's son, Catherine. In a letter dated January 19, 1716, Peter wrote: “If you don’t do it, then I will treat you like a villain”.

In September 1716, Peter repeats his demand even more harshly. And it is very strange - Peter did not make any specific claims to Alexei. Alexei understood that if he refused to take the monk's hair, he was in danger, and his children would be in big trouble.

But Alexey did not want to leave society, children; besides, during this period “Cupid joked” - Alexei managed to fall in love with a captive peasant woman, a serf, a slave of his mentor N. Vyazemsky, Efrosinya Fedorovna. Alexei understood that his father would never allow him to marry his beloved. Until Peter returned to Russia, Alexei decided to flee the country, away from Peter, and went with Euphrosyne to Vienna.

Upon learning of the flight of his son, Peter the Great was furious, this was perceived as a shame - the son fled from his father-tsar, Peter's pride was severely wounded, and his discontent with his son reached extreme ferocity.

He immediately demanded that Austria give up his son. But the authorities of this country treated Alexei humanely, did not want to shackle him and send him to Peter, but suggested that Peter solve the family troubles peacefully, through negotiations. Alexei went even further - to Naples, and from this city he sent a letter to the Senate in Russia explaining his action. Peter's diplomats, Tolstoy and Rumyantsev, pursued Alexei throughout Europe to convey Peter's false promises.

And at this moment, one should pay attention to an important point - what dozens of books and textbooks basely lie about - about Alexei's betrayal; abroad, Alexei did not conduct any anti-state activity, did not organize any conspiracy: neither inside Russia nor outside its borders did he form any foreign blocs against Russia and did not persuade European monarchs to go to war against Russia or remove Peter from the throne for the sake of his power - there is not a single one evidence, not a single fact. The only thing that can be recorded is that Alexei did not like Peter's attitude to his people, his internal cruel policy, and he expressed his criticism in conversations with foreigners. But domestic politics Peter was dissatisfied with about 99% of Russians, almost all, except for a small handful of confidants. And everything that modern authors have written and are writing against Alexei is a repetition, a rehash of completely unfounded accusations of Peter the Great himself.

After Peter almost died in 1715, the attitude towards the “sick elderly lion” of his “loyal” associates changed, and events became possible that had previously been unthinkable. Peter, in spite of his “love” for Martha-Catherine and his illnesses, tried not to forget his “bed register” - it was a certain plan that cannot be called “a plan to conquer the hearts of the beauties that he liked for the near future”, but something I do not want to pronounce the vulgar. And Peter liked the maid of honor of Catherine - Maria Hamilton, who was from an ancient Scottish family. As many authors write, Peter, who was sick with many venereal diseases, “recognized in the young beauty talents, which it was impossible not to gaze upon with lust,” and began to satisfy his desires. A few months later, for some reason, Peter suddenly “fell out of love” with Mary, stopped paying attention to her, most likely moved on to the “bed register”. Mary was immediately "picked up" by those close to Peter, after Peter "to have love" with the former favorite of the tsar was very prestigious.

During the long absence of Peter in 1716-1717. in Russia, the chaos and various outrages intensified. Money was stolen in monstrous volumes, and Queen Marta - Catherine the First, deciding that her status was nowhere stronger: Peter adores her, nevertheless gave birth to an heir, and the main competitor refused the throne and rushed to run, - decided not to torture her healthy body and allow yourself freedom in pleasures, especially since the “love” of Peter, in the same sense of “love” and Martha, in connection with his illnesses began to weaken.

“The number of Catherine's fleeting hobbies was approaching two dozen. Of the future members of the Supreme Privy Council, only the pathologically cautious Osterman and Dmitry Golitsyn did not take advantage of her favors, who continued to look at the “mother queen” with arrogant disgust ... ”, A. Burovsky noted in his research. Peter the second time turned out to be "horned", but he did not know about it yet.

When Peter returned to Russia in 1717, declared Martha-Catherine the tsarina and discovered that important government papers had disappeared from his office, the tsar’s office, they began to look for spies. At this time, the old trusted orderly Ivan Orlov was on duty - and they began to torture him with passion. Orlov swore and swore that he was guilty in many ways, but not in espionage. Among the sins he listed, it turned out that he had a long-standing affair with Maria Hamilton. It would be better if he did not say this for his own good. The maid of honor admitted under torture that she had betrayed the king (!) And that she had to do several abortions, intrauterine poisoning, including from Peter. To change the king is high treason, and a new investigation was brought up. Peter decided to take an original step - he went, told everything to Catherine, hoping that she would destroy her ward in a rage, but she reacted calmly and said that she had known everything for a long time and forgave the maid of honor. Disappointed Peter had to deal with the fate of the girl himself. But at this time, Alexei was tricked into returning to Russia, and Peter postponed the proceedings. Alexei believed Peter's promises - not to bring him and Euphrosyne any harm, Peter even promised to allow them to get married - when they return.

But immediately upon crossing the Russian border on February 3, 1718, Alexei was arrested, and an investigation began, Peter accused Alexei of treason. All of Alexei's entourage was subjected to torture with addiction, to which Alexei was dragged and forced to look at the torment of loved ones.

After that, many people who “wrongly” influenced Alexei were executed: Kikin, Afanasyev, Dubrovsky, priest-confessor Yakov Ignatiev. In the course of the investigation, they made an unpleasant discovery - there were too many disaffected with the tsar, but they did not execute them all. Peter, on the other hand, blamed Alexei's freedom of thought mainly on “bearded men,” that is, priests, complaining that his father had one (that is, Nikon), and he had thousands.

In the course of this investigation, one more trouble was revealed for Peter - naturally, they remembered Evdokia Fedorovna Lopukhina, who was in the monastery - "Eldress Elena", and began to torture her entourage for involvement in the conspiracy, and discovered Evdokia Fedorovna's love affair with Major Stepan Glebov. Peter thought that the first beauty of Russia, imprisoned in a distant monastery, had been in isolation for 20 years and should have died long ago of injustice, loneliness and longing. And Peter raised a cry about another high treason, began another investigation.

It turned out that in 1709 Major Stepan Bogdanovich Glebov was recruiting in the vicinity of the monastery and stopped by to look at the queen, who was no longer living in a monastery, but nearby in a village as a monk - “secretly a laywoman”. Beautiful love flared up between them; Glebov began to visit Lopukhina, bring her warm clothes and food. After Peter's wedding with Martha-Catherine in 1712, the relationship between Lopukhina and Glebov became close. Although running around Russia, Glebov did not often visit Evdokia, but judging by the surviving nine letters of Evdokia, they felt happy for the last 6 years, here is an excerpt from one letter:

“My light, my father, my soul, my joy, how can I be without you in the world! Oh, my dear friend, why are you so sweet to me! You are no more dear to me, to her God! Oh my darling, write me down, please me a little. Do not leave me for the sake of Christ, for the sake of God. I'm sorry, I'm sorry, my soul, my friend! "

Peter didn't care about Lopukhina for a long time, he forgot about her existence, but this story wounded not so much his male pride as his sense of ownership, and it was very angry that it turned out that Lopukhina did not suffer much in the distance alone and even happy.

The entire entourage of Evdokia was subjected to torture, including her confessor Fyodor Pustynny and Bishop of Rostov Dositheus, who was rushed, then his head was cut off, and his head was put on a stake in a public place. Peter would have a good reason to "go out in full" and get a lot of black pleasure.

For six weeks in a row, "Doctor" Peter tortured Major Glebov. They tortured for so long, because Stepan Bogdanovich was very steadfast and courageous and did not say anything against the honor of the legitimate queen Evdokia Fedorovna. A certain Player reported to Peter: "Major Stepan Glebov, tortured in Moscow with a terrible whip, red-hot iron, burning coals, for three days tied to a post on a board with wooden nails, did not confess to anything." At that time, the most notorious criminal, a traitor, was given a maximum of 15 blows with a whip, and Glebov was inflicted with 34, practically leaving him without skin.

Peter was furious, the question - to "break" the hero was a matter of principle for him. Peter himself, with his violent imagination, took part in the torture, but Major Glebov held out. Then Peter the Great came up with a torture-execution, which was not practiced in Russia at that time - he decided to impale him alive, and so that Glebov would suffer longer and more terribly - Peter calculated and built a special stake with a crossbar so that the stake would not pierce through quickly and death was not quick.

During the execution on Red Square in Moscow on March 15, 1718, surrounded by a crowd of onlookers, Glebov courageously endured terrible torment on a stake, and Peter, who was nearby, gloatingly enjoying his torment, begged Glebov to confess his crime - if not to Peter, then before death - before God ... Stepan Glebov coolly replied to the monster: "You must be the same fool as a tyrant ... Go, monster," and spat in Peter's face, adding: Get out and let those who you did not give the opportunity to live peacefully die. The enraged tyrant was defeated by the power of the spirit of the martyr. Peter still tried to scoff at the dying man evilly - at his order, jokingly, they put on a hat and a sheepskin coat for the martyr - so that he would not freeze and die prematurely and spoil the king's fun.

At 18 o'clock Glebov was slowly dying a painful death; Archimandrite Lopatinsky, Priest Anophrius and Hieromonk Markel “were on duty” nearby, waiting for repentance, who wrote in the report: “he did not bring them any repentance”. On the second day, feeling the nearness of death, Stepan Bogdanovich asked these three to receive Holy Communion before death, but all three turned out to be cowards, they were afraid of Peter's discontent and refused the martyr, all of the above “clergy” committed a terrible sin.

Peter the First was indignant at his impotence, he was defeated, his royal and personal pride was amazed - Peter the First was sure that he, Peter, was “the coolest,” powerful and all-powerful king. For three and a half years, the defeated Peter rushed about with his indignation and wounded pride, perhaps he had painful nightmares, bloody dreams - and the invincible courageous Major Stepan Glebov looked at him from the other world with a wise contemptuous smile. And Peter could not resist and decided to fight him again, to attack him together with the Holy Synod - on August 15, 1721, Peter the Great ordered the Holy Synod to condemn Stepan Glebov and give eternal damnation - anathema.

It seems that Peter was not even happy with the final victory of the Russian army over the Swedes in the naval battle near Grengam Island on July 27, 1720, and the end of the protracted Northern War, recorded in the agreement with Sweden in the same August 1721. It was more important for him, the most important thing was to defeat Major Glebov.

The Synod delayed the fulfillment of the will of the king. Then Peter decided to compensate for his inner defeat with the delight of pride - he ordered the Senate to give him titles, to name him: Great, Emperor and Father of the Fatherland - all that his imagination was capable of. And the Senate in October 1721 in a solemn atmosphere fulfilled the will of Peter. After that, the "bearded men" did not contradict the will of the Great Emperor and the Father of the Fatherland - on November 22, 1721, the Holy Synod gathered and the "spiritual hierarchs" obediently condemned the "evil criminal" and betrayed eternal damnation.

Did Peter feel any better after that? Unknown; in my opinion, he only slightly sweetened the bitterness, especially in the remaining few years of his life he was expected to face another defeat. The offended and offended laundress-queen Martha-Catherine the First, deprived of titles, was outraged, and by order of Peter the Great on December 23, 1721, the Senate gave her a New Year's gift - presented the title of “Empress”.

Let's go back to 1718, after the execution of Stepan Glebov. A fatal verdict was passed by Peter and his son Alexei. The court, headed by Menshikov, sentenced Alexei to death. Rather, at the behest of Peter, the court sentenced Alexei to death.

And on June 26, 1718, as noted in the garrison book of the Peter and Paul Fortress, at 8 o'clock in the morning, Peter arrived at the fortress to Alexei with 9 officials - to personally execute Alexey or personally be present at his execution. How they killed Alexei turned out to be a secret, and it is still unknown, one can only guess what the sophisticated Peter could have come up with for his son. The next day, June 27, this earthly Satan with might and main had fun with his “all-drunken cathedral”, celebrating the anniversary of the Battle of Poltava widely, on a spree.

By this time, the investigation “into the case” of Maria Hamilton had been going on for more than a year. With her, Peter acted in an original, vengeful manner: although she never gave birth, but performed abortions, they “sewed” on her some abandoned newborn found dead, and this was the basis for Peter to execute his former mistress. Maria pleaded with him in public until the very last second. Peter himself brought the Scottish beauty to the executioner on March 14, 1719. After that, the people witnessed the “famous scene” - Peter the Great raised the severed head of Mary Hamilton, read to those around him a long lecture on anatomy, then the monster kissed the lips of the severed head and threw it into the mud.

Try to answer the question - was Peter the First a man?

By order of the tsar, the subordinates washed the severed head, put it in alcohol and placed it in a glass vessel in the museum - in the Kunstkamera, where Peter often went to rest and admire his beauty - freaks and severed heads.

For two years, Peter was engaged not in state affairs, but in the investigation, torture, executions.

“The country turned out to be virtually ruled by no one; the executive discipline was monstrous, the theft of officials became the norm. Even the old clerks, who had begun under Alexei Mikhailovich, were corrupted by the lawlessness organized by the tsar himself ...

The Finance Collegium demanded reporting from the provinces, and in 1718 they sent out demands throughout the country: to send statistics on income and expenditures. Not a single province sent a single piece of paper; in 1719 they recalled… silence again, ”noted A. Burovsky in his research.

But on a personal level, everything would be fine - all the "enemies" - the traitors were executed, a complete "Victoria!" Braunschweig-Luneburg resident F.H. Weber, describing the celebration of the New Year of 1719 in St. Petersburg, noted that “the tsar likened himself to Patriarch Noah, who still gazed with indignation at the ancient Russian world ...”. As you can see, Peter is already 47 years old and he never fell in love with Russia.

In 1719, a sad event for Peter happened - the last son of Martha-Catherine, Peter Petrovich, the planned heir, died of illness. Peter fell into apathy and blues, his illnesses intensified, and after long deliberation, Peter in 1722 changed the legislation on succession that had existed for centuries, introduced the right of the emperor to appoint an heir himself in order to prevent the grandson of Peter Alekseevich, the son of the executed Alexei, from accessing the throne, and put him on the throne before her death, a three times baptized, two-married Jewish woman with a Russian-Swedish name and a Polish surname. At the same time, various adventurers like Menshikov got a chance to take the Russian throne - like Menshikov, who could hope that after the death of Peter, his old concubine could transfer the throne to him, appoint him emperor, because it was thanks to him that this washerwoman became the queen and empress.

During this period, Peter was prompted that in the south of the internal rifts Persia had actually collapsed, and it would not hurt to snatch something from her. And Peter moved a huge army to Persia, which easily, without much resistance, reached Baku. Further progress was stopped by the Ottoman army approaching to help Persia, as a result of which Peter was forced to sign in September 1723 a peace treaty beneficial for Russia - Persia ceded the Caucasus from Dagestan to Baku to Russia. But all the material and human efforts, human sacrifices were in vain, because Russia, greatly weakened during the reign of Peter the Great, after his death, did not dare to fight with Persia, and according to the Restek Treaty of 1732 and the Ganja Treaty of 1735, it peacefully returned everything it won to Persia back.

If in the Prut campaign about 5 thousand Russian soldiers and officers died in battles, and 22 thousand died through the fault of Peter as a result of his poor organization of the campaign - from cold and hunger, then I do not know how many lives Peter the Great ruined this time in the Persian campaign.

In 1723, Peter the Great was forced to pass the death sentence for embezzlement on his friend, the Jew P.P.Shafirov (1669–1739), but at the last moment he had mercy and replaced the execution with exile.

52-year-old Peter already felt very bad and took care of the throne - in May 1724 he arranged a grand coronation ceremony for his beloved Martha Catherine, after whom he had previously named a city in Siberia (Sverdlovsk) in 1723. But as already indicated above, from about 1717, Marta-Catherine “went on a spree” and had many lovers, many knew about this, except for Peter, the courtiers kept the secret in solidarity. She did not stop her pleasures after becoming queen, and empress, and crowned. A few months after the coronation, Peter accidentally suddenly discovered a terrible truth for himself - his beloved Marta-Catherine, the empress had been cheating on him with the chamberlain for a long time, instructed the emperor to “horn”, betrayed! Treason again! And with whom? - with Willim Mons, brother of that Anna Mons, who also instructed the "horns" of the king. Peter was shocked.

“… There is also evidence that since 1724 Peter simply became impotent, and the“ mother queen ”finally went all out,” A. Burovsky noted in his research. In any case - Peter was definitely very ill, and after drinking a huge amount of alcohol he could completely weaken, and younger than him by 12 years, Marta-Catherine smelled of health, and 4 years younger than her, Willim was the court “Apollo” and “love” understood in Petrine style.

The seriously ill Peter “the Great” was in a rage and indescribable rage, jumped, yelled, poked with a hunting knife at the walls and at everything that came to hand, almost crippled his daughters, broke the door. This was the last person close to him, and he betrayed. Menshikov had long since greatly disappointed Peter with his greed and cunning, and was already in great disgrace. Peter was devastated, disappointed with life, lost all meaning of life, completely alone. This was the natural ending of the monster's dirty life: he began with mud - he spent his whole life in mud and blood - and ended his life with mud and blood. He mocked lives, over Life, and Life answered him in the same way. Fearing to inflict more pain on himself and to make more “discoveries”, Peter interrupted the investigation and cut off Montsu's head on November 16, 1724, put the severed head on a pole on Trinity Square and ominously brought Martha-Catherine to show her lover's head, not realizing that it was his same shame.

Although he tried to hide his shame, to disguise - in the verdict it was said that Mons would be executed for bribes. Then Peter ordered the competitor's head to be alcoholized and placed in the Kunstkamera. Other betrayals did not become known to Peter, because the confidants tied in a secret were not interested in this, and first of all, Menshikov's closest friend, who, according to some historians, had not broken the connection with his mistress since 1703. The shocked Peter began to wither quickly, drove his wife to separate rooms, then began to impose sanctions: he forbade the courtiers to accept orders and instructions from the empress, then imposed a “quaestor” on giving her money, and the empress had to borrow money from the courtiers; then Peter tore up his will of succession to the throne. And it is not known what Peter would have reached in his rage, or rather, it is known if it had not been for his sudden death on January 28, 1725.

It sounds paradoxical or natural - but everyone benefited from the death of the tyrant. And many researchers are inclined to conclude that Peter hastened his death, "helped" - poisoned, and in the first place the beloved Marta-Catherine and "friend" of childhood Menshikov were interested in this. For if Peter could add his famous phrase, interrupted by death: “Give everything ...”, then, most likely, it would be a disaster for them, and so they are completely free, already without any fear of Peter, spent two years at the peak of power in continuous drunkenness and orgies, when, as visiting foreigners wrote, at the Russian imperial court during this occupation day and night merged together. A. Burovsky remarked:

“Peter seemed to deliberately do everything possible so that after him literally nothing was left. He killed a smart, good son who could have ruled after him; elevated to the throne a woman who was mortally dangerous for himself and completely unsuitable for the role of empress. Finally, he seemed to have deliberately attracted to power people who are completely incapable of standing at the helm of the state. ”

Peter himself gathered his entire palace “team”, gave birth to them, and united them during his lifetime, was the center of their attention and “cement”, but with the death of Peter, this “cement” that rallied together abruptly disappeared, freeing the subordinates, and they were free from him. being sometimes sober and sane, - intrigued each other harshly, intrigued each other. The famous historian Klyuchevsky remarked: "They began to fool about Russia immediately after the death of the reformer, they hated each other and began to trade in Russia as their prey."

“In general, I must say that the company of“ chicks of Petrov’s nest ”has gathered not only that it is fetid and bad, but also extremely unviable: and short-lived, and did not leave offspring. As soon as Peter died, the members of this circle fought, betrayed each other and began to die one after another. And in descendants these people were sterile. If the reader thinks that I am a spiteful critic and slander beautiful people - let him name me anyone from the Menshikovs, Yaguzhinsky, Golovins, Buturlins. Name at least one well-known statesman, famous for his deeds, scientist, writer, artist ... ”, - said A. Burovsky.

We have finished examining the history of the reign of Peter the Great, it remains to consider the damage and tragic consequences.